下面是一个在Lua 4.0中工作的例程，返回inputstr中由sep分隔的子字符串的表t:

function string_split(inputstr, sep)
    local inputstr = inputstr .. sep
    local idx, inc, t = 0, 1, {}
    local idx_prev, substr
    repeat 
        idx_prev = idx
        inputstr = strsub(inputstr, idx + 1, -1)    -- chop off the beginning of the string containing the match last found by strfind (or initially, nothing); keep the rest (or initially, all)
        idx = strfind(inputstr, sep)                -- find the 0-based r_index of the first occurrence of separator 
        if idx == nil then break end                -- quit if nothing's found
        substr = strsub(inputstr, 0, idx)           -- extract the substring occurring before the separator (i.e., data field before the next delimiter)
        substr = gsub(substr, "[%c" .. sep .. " ]", "") -- eliminate control characters, separator and spaces
        t[inc] = substr             -- store the substring (i.e., data field)
        inc = inc + 1               -- iterate to next
    until idx == nil
    return t
end

这个简单的测试

inputstr = "the brown lazy fox jumped over the fat grey hen ... or something."
sep = " " 
t = {}
t = string_split(inputstr,sep)
for i=1,15 do
    print(i, t[i])
end

收益率:

--> t[1]=the
--> t[2]=brown
--> t[3]=lazy
--> t[4]=fox
--> t[5]=jumped
--> t[6]=over
--> t[7]=the
--> t[8]=fat
--> t[9]=grey
--> t[10]=hen
--> t[11]=...
--> t[12]=or
--> t[13]=something.

因为剥猫皮的方法不止一种，下面是我的方法:

代码:

#!/usr/bin/env lua

local content = [=[
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna 
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation 
ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
]=]

local function split(str, sep)
   local result = {}
   local regex = ("([^%s]+)"):format(sep)
   for each in str:gmatch(regex) do
      table.insert(result, each)
   end
   return result
end

local lines = split(content, "\n")
for _,line in ipairs(lines) do
   print(line)
end

输出: 圣洁圣洁的人， sed做eiusmod时间incididunt ut并dolore麦格纳 aliqua。Ut enim ad minivenim, quis nostrud practice 这一切都是徒劳的结果。

解释:

gmatch函数作为一个迭代器，它获取所有与regex匹配的字符串。正则表达式接受所有字符，直到找到分隔符为止。

我有一个非常简单的解决办法。使用gmatch()函数捕获包含除所需分隔符以外的至少一个字符的字符串。分隔符默认为任何空格(Lua中的%s):

function mysplit (inputstr, sep)
        if sep == nil then
                sep = "%s"
        end
        local t={}
        for str in string.gmatch(inputstr, "([^"..sep.."]+)") do
                table.insert(t, str)
        end
        return t
end

我发现许多其他答案都有失败的边缘情况(例如。当给定的字符串包含#，{或}字符，或给定的分隔符，如%，需要转义)。下面是我使用的实现:

local function newsplit(delimiter, str)
    assert(type(delimiter) == "string")
    assert(#delimiter > 0, "Must provide non empty delimiter")

    -- Add escape characters if delimiter requires it
    delimiter = delimiter:gsub("[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%]%^%$]", "%%%0")

    local start_index = 1
    local result = {}

    while true do
       local delimiter_index, _ = str:find(delimiter, start_index)

       if delimiter_index == nil then
          table.insert(result, str:sub(start_index))
          break
       end

       table.insert(result, str:sub(start_index, delimiter_index - 1))

       start_index = delimiter_index + 1
    end

    return result
end

你可以使用这个方法:

function string:split(delimiter)
  local result = { }
  local from  = 1
  local delim_from, delim_to = string.find( self, delimiter, from  )
  while delim_from do
    table.insert( result, string.sub( self, from , delim_from-1 ) )
    from  = delim_to + 1
    delim_from, delim_to = string.find( self, delimiter, from  )
  end
  table.insert( result, string.sub( self, from  ) )
  return result
end

delimiter = string.split(stringtodelimite,pattern) 

我喜欢这个简短的解决方案

function split(s, delimiter)
    result = {};
    for match in (s..delimiter):gmatch("(.-)"..delimiter) do
        table.insert(result, match);
    end
    return result;
end