这适用于我在OSX:

pip install docker-compose== 2>&1 \
| grep -oE '(\(.*\))' \
| awk -F:\  '{print$NF}' \
| sed -E 's/( |\))//g' \
| tr ',' '\n'

它每行返回一个列表:

1.1.0rc1
1.1.0rc2
1.1.0
1.2.0rc1
1.2.0rc2
1.2.0rc3
1.2.0rc4
1.2.0
1.3.0rc1
1.3.0rc2
1.3.0rc3
1.3.0
1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.4.0rc1
1.4.0rc2
1.4.0rc3
1.4.0
1.4.1
1.4.2
1.5.0rc1
1.5.0rc2
1.5.0rc3
1.5.0
1.5.1
1.5.2
1.6.0rc1
1.6.0
1.6.1
1.6.2
1.7.0rc1
1.7.0rc2
1.7.0
1.7.1
1.8.0rc1
1.8.0rc2
1.8.0
1.8.1
1.9.0rc1
1.9.0rc2
1.9.0rc3
1.9.0rc4
1.9.0
1.10.0rc1
1.10.0rc2
1.10.0

或获取最新版本:

pip install docker-compose== 2>&1 \
| grep -oE '(\(.*\))' \
| awk -F:\  '{print$NF}' \
| sed -E 's/( |\))//g' \
| tr ',' '\n' \
| gsort -r -V \
| head -1

1.10.0rc2

请记住，必须安装gsort(在OSX上)来解析版本。您可以使用brew install coreutils安装它

我通常运行pip install packagename==somerandomstring。这将返回一个错误，提示无法找到满足packagename==somerandomstring要求的版本，与此错误一起，pip还将列出服务器上可用的版本。

e.g.

$ pip install flask==aksjflashd
Collecting flask==aksjflashd
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement flask==aksjflashd 
(from versions: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.3.1, 0.4, 0.5, 0.5.1, 0.5.2, 0.6, 0.6.1, 0.7, 0.7.1, 0.7.2, 0.8, 0.8.1, 0.9, 0.10, 0.10.1, 0.11, 0.11.1, 0.12, 0.12.1, 
0.12.2, 0.12.3, 0.12.4, 0.12.5, 1.0, 1.0.1, 1.0.2, 1.0.3, 1.0.4, 1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2)
No matching distribution found for flask==aksjflashd
$

如果像'aksjflashd'这样的随机字符串被证明是实际的包版本，你必须非常不幸!

当然，您也可以在pip download中使用这个技巧。

在看了一段时间pip的代码之后，负责定位包的代码似乎可以在pip.index中的PackageFinder类中找到。它的方法find_requirement查找InstallRequirement的版本，但不幸的是只返回最新的版本。

下面的代码几乎是原始函数的1:1副本，只是第114行中的返回值更改为返回所有版本。

脚本期望一个包名作为第一个也是唯一的参数，并返回所有版本。

http://pastebin.com/axzdUQhZ

我不能保证正确，因为我不熟悉pip的代码。但希望这能帮到你。

样例输出

python test.py pip

Versions of pip
0.8.2
0.8.1
0.8
0.7.2
0.7.1
0.7
0.6.3
0.6.2
0.6.1
0.6
0.5.1
0.5
0.4
0.3.1
0.3
0.2.1
0.2 dev

代码:

import posixpath
import pkg_resources
import sys
from pip.download import url_to_path
from pip.exceptions import DistributionNotFound
from pip.index import PackageFinder, Link
from pip.log import logger
from pip.req import InstallRequirement
from pip.util import Inf


class MyPackageFinder(PackageFinder):

    def find_requirement(self, req, upgrade):
        url_name = req.url_name
        # Only check main index if index URL is given:
        main_index_url = None
        if self.index_urls:
            # Check that we have the url_name correctly spelled:
            main_index_url = Link(posixpath.join(self.index_urls[0], url_name))
            # This will also cache the page, so it's okay that we get it again later:
            page = self._get_page(main_index_url, req)
            if page is None:
                url_name = self._find_url_name(Link(self.index_urls[0]), url_name, req) or req.url_name

        # Combine index URLs with mirror URLs here to allow
        # adding more index URLs from requirements files
        all_index_urls = self.index_urls + self.mirror_urls

        def mkurl_pypi_url(url):
            loc = posixpath.join(url, url_name)
            # For maximum compatibility with easy_install, ensure the path
            # ends in a trailing slash.  Although this isn't in the spec
            # (and PyPI can handle it without the slash) some other index
            # implementations might break if they relied on easy_install's behavior.
            if not loc.endswith('/'):
                loc = loc + '/'
            return loc
        if url_name is not None:
            locations = [
                mkurl_pypi_url(url)
                for url in all_index_urls] + self.find_links
        else:
            locations = list(self.find_links)
        locations.extend(self.dependency_links)
        for version in req.absolute_versions:
            if url_name is not None and main_index_url is not None:
                locations = [
                    posixpath.join(main_index_url.url, version)] + locations

        file_locations, url_locations = self._sort_locations(locations)

        locations = [Link(url) for url in url_locations]
        logger.debug('URLs to search for versions for %s:' % req)
        for location in locations:
            logger.debug('* %s' % location)
        found_versions = []
        found_versions.extend(
            self._package_versions(
                [Link(url, '-f') for url in self.find_links], req.name.lower()))
        page_versions = []
        for page in self._get_pages(locations, req):
            logger.debug('Analyzing links from page %s' % page.url)
            logger.indent += 2
            try:
                page_versions.extend(self._package_versions(page.links, req.name.lower()))
            finally:
                logger.indent -= 2
        dependency_versions = list(self._package_versions(
            [Link(url) for url in self.dependency_links], req.name.lower()))
        if dependency_versions:
            logger.info('dependency_links found: %s' % ', '.join([link.url for parsed, link, version in dependency_versions]))
        file_versions = list(self._package_versions(
                [Link(url) for url in file_locations], req.name.lower()))
        if not found_versions and not page_versions and not dependency_versions and not file_versions:
            logger.fatal('Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement %s' % req)
            raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
        if req.satisfied_by is not None:
            found_versions.append((req.satisfied_by.parsed_version, Inf, req.satisfied_by.version))
        if file_versions:
            file_versions.sort(reverse=True)
            logger.info('Local files found: %s' % ', '.join([url_to_path(link.url) for parsed, link, version in file_versions]))
            found_versions = file_versions + found_versions
        all_versions = found_versions + page_versions + dependency_versions
        applicable_versions = []
        for (parsed_version, link, version) in all_versions:
            if version not in req.req:
                logger.info("Ignoring link %s, version %s doesn't match %s"
                            % (link, version, ','.join([''.join(s) for s in req.req.specs])))
                continue
            applicable_versions.append((link, version))
        applicable_versions = sorted(applicable_versions, key=lambda v: pkg_resources.parse_version(v[1]), reverse=True)
        existing_applicable = bool([link for link, version in applicable_versions if link is Inf])
        if not upgrade and existing_applicable:
            if applicable_versions[0][1] is Inf:
                logger.info('Existing installed version (%s) is most up-to-date and satisfies requirement'
                            % req.satisfied_by.version)
            else:
                logger.info('Existing installed version (%s) satisfies requirement (most up-to-date version is %s)'
                            % (req.satisfied_by.version, applicable_versions[0][1]))
            return None
        if not applicable_versions:
            logger.fatal('Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement %s (from versions: %s)'
                         % (req, ', '.join([version for parsed_version, link, version in found_versions])))
            raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions matching the version for %s' % req)
        if applicable_versions[0][0] is Inf:
            # We have an existing version, and its the best version
            logger.info('Installed version (%s) is most up-to-date (past versions: %s)'
                        % (req.satisfied_by.version, ', '.join([version for link, version in applicable_versions[1:]]) or 'none'))
            return None
        if len(applicable_versions) > 1:
            logger.info('Using version %s (newest of versions: %s)' %
                        (applicable_versions[0][1], ', '.join([version for link, version in applicable_versions])))
        return applicable_versions


if __name__ == '__main__':
    req = InstallRequirement.from_line(sys.argv[1], None)
    finder = MyPackageFinder([], ['http://pypi.python.org/simple/'])
    versions = finder.find_requirement(req, False)
    print 'Versions of %s' % sys.argv[1]
    for v in versions:
        print v[1]

使用pip install <package_name>==为Chris的答案提供编程方法

import re
import subprocess
from packaging.version import VERSION_PATTERN as _VRESION_PATTERN

VERSION_PATTERN = re.compile(_VRESION_PATTERN , re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)


def get_available_versions(package_name):
    process = subprocess.run(['pip', 'install', f'{package_name}=='], stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
    versions = []
    for line in process.stderr.decode('utf-8').splitlines():
        if 'Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement' in line:
            for match in VERSION_PATTERN.finditer(line.split('from versions:')[1]):
                versions.append(match.group(0))
    return versions

它可以像这样使用

>>> get_available_versions('tensorflow')
['2.2.0rc1', '2.2.0rc2', '2.2.0rc3', '2.2.0rc4', '2.2.0', '2.2.1', '2.2.2', '2.2.3', '2.3.0rc0', '2.3.0rc1', '2.3.0rc2', '2.3.0', '2.3.1', '2.3.2', '2.3.3', '2.3.4', '2.4.0rc0', '2.4.0rc1', '2.4.0rc2', '2.4.0rc3', '2.4.0rc4', '2.4.0', '2.4.1', '2.4.2', '2.4.3', '2.4.4', '2.5.0rc0', '2.5.0rc1', '2.5.0rc2', '2.5.0rc3', '2.5.0', '2.5.1', '2.5.2', '2.5.3', '2.6.0rc0', '2.6.0rc1', '2.6.0rc2', '2.6.0', '2.6.1', '2.6.2', '2.6.3', '2.7.0rc0', '2.7.0rc1', '2.7.0', '2.7.1', '2.8.0rc0', '2.8.0rc1', '2.8.0']

并返回一个版本列表。

注意:它似乎提供兼容版本，而不是所有版本。要获得完整的列表，请使用Eric的json方法。

另一种解决方案是使用仓库api:

https://warehouse.readthedocs.io/api-reference/json/#release

例如，对于Flask:

import requests
r = requests.get("https://pypi.org/pypi/Flask/json")
print(r.json()['releases'].keys())

将打印:

dict_keys(['0.1', '0.10', '0.10.1', '0.11', '0.11.1', '0.12', '0.12.1', '0.12.2', '0.12.3', '0.12.4', '0.2', '0.3', '0.3.1', '0.4', '0.5', '0.5.1', '0.5.2', '0.6', '0.6.1', '0.7', '0.7.1', '0.7.2', '0.8', '0.8.1', '0.9', '1.0', '1.0.1', '1.0.2'])

pypi版本包出色地完成了以下工作:

$ pip3 install pip-versions

$ pip-versions latest rsyncy
0.0.4

$ pip-versions list rsyncy
0.0.1
0.0.2
0.0.3
0.0.4

这甚至可以在Nexus (sonatype)代理后面工作!