在看了一段时间pip的代码之后，负责定位包的代码似乎可以在pip.index中的PackageFinder类中找到。它的方法find_requirement查找InstallRequirement的版本，但不幸的是只返回最新的版本。

下面的代码几乎是原始函数的1:1副本，只是第114行中的返回值更改为返回所有版本。

脚本期望一个包名作为第一个也是唯一的参数，并返回所有版本。

http://pastebin.com/axzdUQhZ

我不能保证正确，因为我不熟悉pip的代码。但希望这能帮到你。

样例输出

python test.py pip

Versions of pip
0.8.2
0.8.1
0.8
0.7.2
0.7.1
0.7
0.6.3
0.6.2
0.6.1
0.6
0.5.1
0.5
0.4
0.3.1
0.3
0.2.1
0.2 dev

代码:

import posixpath
import pkg_resources
import sys
from pip.download import url_to_path
from pip.exceptions import DistributionNotFound
from pip.index import PackageFinder, Link
from pip.log import logger
from pip.req import InstallRequirement
from pip.util import Inf


class MyPackageFinder(PackageFinder):

    def find_requirement(self, req, upgrade):
        url_name = req.url_name
        # Only check main index if index URL is given:
        main_index_url = None
        if self.index_urls:
            # Check that we have the url_name correctly spelled:
            main_index_url = Link(posixpath.join(self.index_urls[0], url_name))
            # This will also cache the page, so it's okay that we get it again later:
            page = self._get_page(main_index_url, req)
            if page is None:
                url_name = self._find_url_name(Link(self.index_urls[0]), url_name, req) or req.url_name

        # Combine index URLs with mirror URLs here to allow
        # adding more index URLs from requirements files
        all_index_urls = self.index_urls + self.mirror_urls

        def mkurl_pypi_url(url):
            loc = posixpath.join(url, url_name)
            # For maximum compatibility with easy_install, ensure the path
            # ends in a trailing slash.  Although this isn't in the spec
            # (and PyPI can handle it without the slash) some other index
            # implementations might break if they relied on easy_install's behavior.
            if not loc.endswith('/'):
                loc = loc + '/'
            return loc
        if url_name is not None:
            locations = [
                mkurl_pypi_url(url)
                for url in all_index_urls] + self.find_links
        else:
            locations = list(self.find_links)
        locations.extend(self.dependency_links)
        for version in req.absolute_versions:
            if url_name is not None and main_index_url is not None:
                locations = [
                    posixpath.join(main_index_url.url, version)] + locations

        file_locations, url_locations = self._sort_locations(locations)

        locations = [Link(url) for url in url_locations]
        logger.debug('URLs to search for versions for %s:' % req)
        for location in locations:
            logger.debug('* %s' % location)
        found_versions = []
        found_versions.extend(
            self._package_versions(
                [Link(url, '-f') for url in self.find_links], req.name.lower()))
        page_versions = []
        for page in self._get_pages(locations, req):
            logger.debug('Analyzing links from page %s' % page.url)
            logger.indent += 2
            try:
                page_versions.extend(self._package_versions(page.links, req.name.lower()))
            finally:
                logger.indent -= 2
        dependency_versions = list(self._package_versions(
            [Link(url) for url in self.dependency_links], req.name.lower()))
        if dependency_versions:
            logger.info('dependency_links found: %s' % ', '.join([link.url for parsed, link, version in dependency_versions]))
        file_versions = list(self._package_versions(
                [Link(url) for url in file_locations], req.name.lower()))
        if not found_versions and not page_versions and not dependency_versions and not file_versions:
            logger.fatal('Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement %s' % req)
            raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
        if req.satisfied_by is not None:
            found_versions.append((req.satisfied_by.parsed_version, Inf, req.satisfied_by.version))
        if file_versions:
            file_versions.sort(reverse=True)
            logger.info('Local files found: %s' % ', '.join([url_to_path(link.url) for parsed, link, version in file_versions]))
            found_versions = file_versions + found_versions
        all_versions = found_versions + page_versions + dependency_versions
        applicable_versions = []
        for (parsed_version, link, version) in all_versions:
            if version not in req.req:
                logger.info("Ignoring link %s, version %s doesn't match %s"
                            % (link, version, ','.join([''.join(s) for s in req.req.specs])))
                continue
            applicable_versions.append((link, version))
        applicable_versions = sorted(applicable_versions, key=lambda v: pkg_resources.parse_version(v[1]), reverse=True)
        existing_applicable = bool([link for link, version in applicable_versions if link is Inf])
        if not upgrade and existing_applicable:
            if applicable_versions[0][1] is Inf:
                logger.info('Existing installed version (%s) is most up-to-date and satisfies requirement'
                            % req.satisfied_by.version)
            else:
                logger.info('Existing installed version (%s) satisfies requirement (most up-to-date version is %s)'
                            % (req.satisfied_by.version, applicable_versions[0][1]))
            return None
        if not applicable_versions:
            logger.fatal('Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement %s (from versions: %s)'
                         % (req, ', '.join([version for parsed_version, link, version in found_versions])))
            raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions matching the version for %s' % req)
        if applicable_versions[0][0] is Inf:
            # We have an existing version, and its the best version
            logger.info('Installed version (%s) is most up-to-date (past versions: %s)'
                        % (req.satisfied_by.version, ', '.join([version for link, version in applicable_versions[1:]]) or 'none'))
            return None
        if len(applicable_versions) > 1:
            logger.info('Using version %s (newest of versions: %s)' %
                        (applicable_versions[0][1], ', '.join([version for link, version in applicable_versions])))
        return applicable_versions


if __name__ == '__main__':
    req = InstallRequirement.from_line(sys.argv[1], None)
    finder = MyPackageFinder([], ['http://pypi.python.org/simple/'])
    versions = finder.find_requirement(req, False)
    print 'Versions of %s' % sys.argv[1]
    for v in versions:
        print v[1]

您可以尝试安装不存在的软件包版本。然后pip将列出可用的版本

pip install hell==99999
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement hell==99999
(from versions: 0.1.0, 0.2.0, 0.2.1, 0.2.2, 0.2.3, 0.2.4, 0.3.0,
0.3.1, 0.3.2, 0.3.3, 0.3.4, 0.4.0, 0.4.1)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for hell==99999

据我所知，发布键将在不久的将来被删除，因此使用GET“https://pypi.python.org/pypi/{package_name}/json”的解决方案将不再有效。

我的项目卢德特就有这个特点。

使用示例:

>>> import luddite
>>> luddite.get_versions_pypi("python-dateutil")
('0.1', '0.3', '0.4', '0.5', '1.0', '1.1', '1.2', '1.4', '1.4.1', '1.5', '2.0', '2.1', '2.2', '2.3', '2.4.0', '2.4.1', '2.4.2', '2.5.0', '2.5.1', '2.5.2', '2.5.3', '2.6.0', '2.6.1', '2.7.0', '2.7.1', '2.7.2', '2.7.3', '2.7.4', '2.7.5', '2.8.0')

它通过查询https://pypi.org/的JSON API列出了一个包的所有可用版本

您不需要第三方包来获取此信息。pypi为下的所有包提供简单的JSON提要

https://pypi.org/pypi/{PKG_NAME}/json

下面是一些仅使用标准库的Python代码，该标准库可以获得所有版本。

import json
import urllib2
from distutils.version import StrictVersion

def versions(package_name):
    url = "https://pypi.org/pypi/%s/json" % (package_name,)
    data = json.load(urllib2.urlopen(urllib2.Request(url)))
    versions = data["releases"].keys()
    versions.sort(key=StrictVersion)
    return versions

print "\n".join(versions("scikit-image"))

该代码打印(截至2015年2月23日):

0.7.2
0.8.0
0.8.1
0.8.2
0.9.0
0.9.1
0.9.2
0.9.3
0.10.0
0.10.1

对于pip >= 21.2使用:

pip index versions pylibmc

注意，这个命令是实验性的，将来可能会改变!

对于pip >= 21.1使用:

pip install pylibmc==

对于pip >= 20.3使用:

pip install --use-deprecated=legacy-resolver pylibmc==

对于pip >= 9.0使用:

$ pip install pylibmc==
Collecting pylibmc==
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pylibmc== (from 
  versions: 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5.1, 0.5.2, 0.5.3, 0.5.4, 0.5.5, 0.5, 0.6.1, 0.6, 
  0.7.1, 0.7.2, 0.7.3, 0.7.4, 0.7, 0.8.1, 0.8.2, 0.8, 0.9.1, 0.9.2, 0.9, 
  1.0-alpha, 1.0-beta, 1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1, 1.2.0, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.3.0)
No matching distribution found for pylibmc==

可用的版本将在不实际下载或安装任何软件包的情况下打印出来。

对于pip < 9.0使用:

pip install pylibmc==blork

其中，block可以是任何不是有效版本号的字符串。