对于pip >= 21.2使用:

pip index versions pylibmc

注意，这个命令是实验性的，将来可能会改变!

对于pip >= 21.1使用:

pip install pylibmc==

对于pip >= 20.3使用:

pip install --use-deprecated=legacy-resolver pylibmc==

对于pip >= 9.0使用:

$ pip install pylibmc==
Collecting pylibmc==
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pylibmc== (from 
  versions: 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5.1, 0.5.2, 0.5.3, 0.5.4, 0.5.5, 0.5, 0.6.1, 0.6, 
  0.7.1, 0.7.2, 0.7.3, 0.7.4, 0.7, 0.8.1, 0.8.2, 0.8, 0.9.1, 0.9.2, 0.9, 
  1.0-alpha, 1.0-beta, 1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1, 1.2.0, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.3.0)
No matching distribution found for pylibmc==

可用的版本将在不实际下载或安装任何软件包的情况下打印出来。

对于pip < 9.0使用:

pip install pylibmc==blork

其中，block可以是任何不是有效版本号的字符串。

这是Py3.9+版本的Limmy+EricChiang的解决方案。

import json
import urllib.request
from distutils.version import StrictVersion


# print PyPI versions of package
def versions(package_name):
    url = "https://pypi.org/pypi/%s/json" % (package_name,)
    data = json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url))
    versions = list(data["releases"])
    sortfunc = lambda x: StrictVersion(x.replace('rc', 'b').translate(str.maketrans('cdefghijklmn', 'bbbbbbbbbbbb')))
    versions.sort(key=sortfunc)
    return versions

pypi-has() { set -o pipefail; curl -sfL https://pypi.org/pypi/$1/json | jq -e --arg v $2 'any( .releases | keys[]; . == $v )'; }

用法:

$ pypi-has django 4.0x ; echo $?
false
1

$ pypi-has djangos 4.0x ; echo $?
22

$ pypi-has djangos 4.0 ; echo $?
22

$ pypi-has django 4.0 ; echo $?
true
0

更新: 截至2017年9月，这种方法不再有效:——no-install在pip 7中被删除

使用pip install -v，你可以看到所有可用的版本

root@node7:~# pip install web.py -v
Downloading/unpacking web.py
  Using version 0.37 (newest of versions: 0.37, 0.36, 0.35, 0.34, 0.33, 0.33, 0.32, 0.31, 0.22, 0.2)
  Downloading web.py-0.37.tar.gz (90Kb): 90Kb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package web.py
    running egg_info
    creating pip-egg-info/web.py.egg-info

不安装任何软件包，请使用以下解决方案之一:

root@node7:~# pip install --no-deps --no-install flask -v                                                                                                      
Downloading/unpacking flask
  Using version 0.10.1 (newest of versions: 0.10.1, 0.10, 0.9, 0.8.1, 0.8, 0.7.2, 0.7.1, 0.7, 0.6.1, 0.6, 0.5.2, 0.5.1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3.1, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1)
  Downloading Flask-0.10.1.tar.gz (544Kb): 544Kb downloaded

or

root@node7:~# cd $(mktemp -d)
root@node7:/tmp/tmp.c6H99cWD0g# pip install flask -d . -v
Downloading/unpacking flask
  Using version 0.10.1 (newest of versions: 0.10.1, 0.10, 0.9, 0.8.1, 0.8, 0.7.2, 0.7.1, 0.7, 0.6.1, 0.6, 0.5.2, 0.5.1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3.1, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1)
  Downloading Flask-0.10.1.tar.gz (544Kb): 4.1Kb downloaded

使用pip 1.0进行测试

root@node7:~# pip --version
pip 1.0 from /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (python 2.7)

我的想法是结合了几个已经发布的答案，并做了一些修改，使它们更容易在运行的python环境中使用。

其思想是提供一个全新的命令(模仿install命令)，为您提供要使用的包查找器实例。优点是它可以使用pip支持的任何索引，并读取您的本地pip配置文件，因此您可以获得与正常pip安装一样的正确结果。

我已经尝试使它与pip v 9兼容。X和10.x..但只在9.x上试用过

https://gist.github.com/kaos/68511bd013fcdebe766c981f50b473d4

#!/usr/bin/env python
# When you want a easy way to get at all (or the latest) version of a certain python package from a PyPi index.

import sys
import logging

try:
    from pip._internal import cmdoptions, main
    from pip._internal.commands import commands_dict
    from pip._internal.basecommand import RequirementCommand
except ImportError:
    from pip import cmdoptions, main
    from pip.commands import commands_dict
    from pip.basecommand import RequirementCommand

from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version

logger = logging.getLogger('pip')

class ListPkgVersionsCommand(RequirementCommand):
    """
    List all available versions for a given package from:

    - PyPI (and other indexes) using requirement specifiers.
    - VCS project urls.
    - Local project directories.
    - Local or remote source archives.

    """
    name = "list-pkg-versions"
    usage = """
      %prog [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ...
      %prog [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ...
      %prog [options] [-e] <local project path> ...
      %prog [options] <archive url/path> ..."""

    summary = 'List package versions.'

    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
        super(ListPkgVersionsCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)

        cmd_opts = self.cmd_opts

        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.install_options())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.global_options())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.use_wheel())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_use_wheel())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.pre())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes())

        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
            cmdoptions.index_group,
            self.parser,
        )

        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, cmd_opts)

    def run(self, options, args):
        cmdoptions.resolve_wheel_no_use_binary(options)
        cmdoptions.check_install_build_global(options)

        with self._build_session(options) as session:
            finder = self._build_package_finder(options, session)

            # do what you please with the finder object here... ;)
            for pkg in args:
                logger.info(
                    '%s: %s', pkg,
                    ', '.join(
                        sorted(
                            set(str(c.version) for c in finder.find_all_candidates(pkg)),
                            key=parse_version,
                        )
                    )
                )


commands_dict[ListPkgVersionsCommand.name] = ListPkgVersionsCommand

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.exit(main())

示例输出

./list-pkg-versions.py list-pkg-versions pika django

pika: 0.5, 0.5.1, 0.5.2, 0.9.1a0, 0.9.2a0, 0.9.3, 0.9.4, 0.9.5, 0.9.6, 0.9.7, 0.9.8, 0.9.9, 0.9.10, 0.9.11, 0.9.12, 0.9.13, 0.9.14, 0.10.0b1, 0.10.0b2, 0.10.0, 0.11.0b1, 0.11.0, 0.11.1, 0.11.2, 0.12.0b2
django: 1.1.3, 1.1.4, 1.2, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.4, 1.2.5, 1.2.6, 1.2.7, 1.3, 1.3.1, 1.3.2, 1.3.3, 1.3.4, 1.3.5, 1.3.6, 1.3.7, 1.4, 1.4.1, 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 1.4.4, 1.4.5, 1.4.6, 1.4.7, 1.4.8, 1.4.9, 1.4.10, 1.4.11, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 1.4.14, 1.4.15, 1.4.16, 1.4.17, 1.4.18, 1.4.19, 1.4.20, 1.4.21, 1.4.22, 1.5, 1.5.1, 1.5.2, 1.5.3, 1.5.4, 1.5.5, 1.5.6, 1.5.7, 1.5.8, 1.5.9, 1.5.10, 1.5.11, 1.5.12, 1.6, 1.6.1, 1.6.2, 1.6.3, 1.6.4, 1.6.5, 1.6.6, 1.6.7, 1.6.8, 1.6.9, 1.6.10, 1.6.11, 1.7, 1.7.1, 1.7.2, 1.7.3, 1.7.4, 1.7.5, 1.7.6, 1.7.7, 1.7.8, 1.7.9, 1.7.10, 1.7.11, 1.8a1, 1.8b1, 1.8b2, 1.8rc1, 1.8, 1.8.1, 1.8.2, 1.8.3, 1.8.4, 1.8.5, 1.8.6, 1.8.7, 1.8.8, 1.8.9, 1.8.10, 1.8.11, 1.8.12, 1.8.13, 1.8.14, 1.8.15, 1.8.16, 1.8.17, 1.8.18, 1.8.19, 1.9a1, 1.9b1, 1.9rc1, 1.9rc2, 1.9, 1.9.1, 1.9.2, 1.9.3, 1.9.4, 1.9.5, 1.9.6, 1.9.7, 1.9.8, 1.9.9, 1.9.10, 1.9.11, 1.9.12, 1.9.13, 1.10a1, 1.10b1, 1.10rc1, 1.10, 1.10.1, 1.10.2, 1.10.3, 1.10.4, 1.10.5, 1.10.6, 1.10.7, 1.10.8, 1.11a1, 1.11b1, 1.11rc1, 1.11, 1.11.1, 1.11.2, 1.11.3, 1.11.4, 1.11.5, 1.11.6, 1.11.7, 1.11.8, 1.11.9, 1.11.10, 1.11.11, 1.11.12, 2.0, 2.0.1, 2.0.2, 2.0.3, 2.0.4

在看了一段时间pip的代码之后，负责定位包的代码似乎可以在pip.index中的PackageFinder类中找到。它的方法find_requirement查找InstallRequirement的版本，但不幸的是只返回最新的版本。

下面的代码几乎是原始函数的1:1副本，只是第114行中的返回值更改为返回所有版本。

脚本期望一个包名作为第一个也是唯一的参数，并返回所有版本。

http://pastebin.com/axzdUQhZ

我不能保证正确，因为我不熟悉pip的代码。但希望这能帮到你。

样例输出

python test.py pip

Versions of pip
0.8.2
0.8.1
0.8
0.7.2
0.7.1
0.7
0.6.3
0.6.2
0.6.1
0.6
0.5.1
0.5
0.4
0.3.1
0.3
0.2.1
0.2 dev

代码:

import posixpath
import pkg_resources
import sys
from pip.download import url_to_path
from pip.exceptions import DistributionNotFound
from pip.index import PackageFinder, Link
from pip.log import logger
from pip.req import InstallRequirement
from pip.util import Inf


class MyPackageFinder(PackageFinder):

    def find_requirement(self, req, upgrade):
        url_name = req.url_name
        # Only check main index if index URL is given:
        main_index_url = None
        if self.index_urls:
            # Check that we have the url_name correctly spelled:
            main_index_url = Link(posixpath.join(self.index_urls[0], url_name))
            # This will also cache the page, so it's okay that we get it again later:
            page = self._get_page(main_index_url, req)
            if page is None:
                url_name = self._find_url_name(Link(self.index_urls[0]), url_name, req) or req.url_name

        # Combine index URLs with mirror URLs here to allow
        # adding more index URLs from requirements files
        all_index_urls = self.index_urls + self.mirror_urls

        def mkurl_pypi_url(url):
            loc = posixpath.join(url, url_name)
            # For maximum compatibility with easy_install, ensure the path
            # ends in a trailing slash.  Although this isn't in the spec
            # (and PyPI can handle it without the slash) some other index
            # implementations might break if they relied on easy_install's behavior.
            if not loc.endswith('/'):
                loc = loc + '/'
            return loc
        if url_name is not None:
            locations = [
                mkurl_pypi_url(url)
                for url in all_index_urls] + self.find_links
        else:
            locations = list(self.find_links)
        locations.extend(self.dependency_links)
        for version in req.absolute_versions:
            if url_name is not None and main_index_url is not None:
                locations = [
                    posixpath.join(main_index_url.url, version)] + locations

        file_locations, url_locations = self._sort_locations(locations)

        locations = [Link(url) for url in url_locations]
        logger.debug('URLs to search for versions for %s:' % req)
        for location in locations:
            logger.debug('* %s' % location)
        found_versions = []
        found_versions.extend(
            self._package_versions(
                [Link(url, '-f') for url in self.find_links], req.name.lower()))
        page_versions = []
        for page in self._get_pages(locations, req):
            logger.debug('Analyzing links from page %s' % page.url)
            logger.indent += 2
            try:
                page_versions.extend(self._package_versions(page.links, req.name.lower()))
            finally:
                logger.indent -= 2
        dependency_versions = list(self._package_versions(
            [Link(url) for url in self.dependency_links], req.name.lower()))
        if dependency_versions:
            logger.info('dependency_links found: %s' % ', '.join([link.url for parsed, link, version in dependency_versions]))
        file_versions = list(self._package_versions(
                [Link(url) for url in file_locations], req.name.lower()))
        if not found_versions and not page_versions and not dependency_versions and not file_versions:
            logger.fatal('Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement %s' % req)
            raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
        if req.satisfied_by is not None:
            found_versions.append((req.satisfied_by.parsed_version, Inf, req.satisfied_by.version))
        if file_versions:
            file_versions.sort(reverse=True)
            logger.info('Local files found: %s' % ', '.join([url_to_path(link.url) for parsed, link, version in file_versions]))
            found_versions = file_versions + found_versions
        all_versions = found_versions + page_versions + dependency_versions
        applicable_versions = []
        for (parsed_version, link, version) in all_versions:
            if version not in req.req:
                logger.info("Ignoring link %s, version %s doesn't match %s"
                            % (link, version, ','.join([''.join(s) for s in req.req.specs])))
                continue
            applicable_versions.append((link, version))
        applicable_versions = sorted(applicable_versions, key=lambda v: pkg_resources.parse_version(v[1]), reverse=True)
        existing_applicable = bool([link for link, version in applicable_versions if link is Inf])
        if not upgrade and existing_applicable:
            if applicable_versions[0][1] is Inf:
                logger.info('Existing installed version (%s) is most up-to-date and satisfies requirement'
                            % req.satisfied_by.version)
            else:
                logger.info('Existing installed version (%s) satisfies requirement (most up-to-date version is %s)'
                            % (req.satisfied_by.version, applicable_versions[0][1]))
            return None
        if not applicable_versions:
            logger.fatal('Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement %s (from versions: %s)'
                         % (req, ', '.join([version for parsed_version, link, version in found_versions])))
            raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions matching the version for %s' % req)
        if applicable_versions[0][0] is Inf:
            # We have an existing version, and its the best version
            logger.info('Installed version (%s) is most up-to-date (past versions: %s)'
                        % (req.satisfied_by.version, ', '.join([version for link, version in applicable_versions[1:]]) or 'none'))
            return None
        if len(applicable_versions) > 1:
            logger.info('Using version %s (newest of versions: %s)' %
                        (applicable_versions[0][1], ', '.join([version for link, version in applicable_versions])))
        return applicable_versions


if __name__ == '__main__':
    req = InstallRequirement.from_line(sys.argv[1], None)
    finder = MyPackageFinder([], ['http://pypi.python.org/simple/'])
    versions = finder.find_requirement(req, False)
    print 'Versions of %s' % sys.argv[1]
    for v in versions:
        print v[1]