我很好奇是否有可能使用PDO将值数组绑定到占位符。这里的用例试图传递一个值数组，以便与IN()条件一起使用。
我希望能够这样做:
<?php
$ids=array(1,2,3,7,8,9);
$db = new PDO(...);
$stmt = $db->prepare(
'SELECT *
FROM table
WHERE id IN(:an_array)'
);
$stmt->bindParam('an_array',$ids);
$stmt->execute();
?>
并让PDO绑定并引用数组中的所有值。
目前我正在做:
<?php
$ids = array(1,2,3,7,8,9);
$db = new PDO(...);
foreach($ids as &$val)
$val=$db->quote($val); //iterate through array and quote
$in = implode(',',$ids); //create comma separated list
$stmt = $db->prepare(
'SELECT *
FROM table
WHERE id IN('.$in.')'
);
$stmt->execute();
?>
这当然是工作，但只是想知道是否有一个内置的解决方案，我错过了?
我扩展了PDO，做一些类似stefs建议的事情，从长远来看，这对我来说更容易:
class Array_Capable_PDO extends PDO {
/**
* Both prepare a statement and bind array values to it
* @param string $statement mysql query with colon-prefixed tokens
* @param array $arrays associatve array with string tokens as keys and integer-indexed data arrays as values
* @param array $driver_options see php documention
* @return PDOStatement with given array values already bound
*/
public function prepare_with_arrays($statement, array $arrays, $driver_options = array()) {
$replace_strings = array();
$x = 0;
foreach($arrays as $token => $data) {
// just for testing...
//// tokens should be legit
//assert('is_string($token)');
//assert('$token !== ""');
//// a given token shouldn't appear more than once in the query
//assert('substr_count($statement, $token) === 1');
//// there should be an array of values for each token
//assert('is_array($data)');
//// empty data arrays aren't okay, they're a SQL syntax error
//assert('count($data) > 0');
// replace array tokens with a list of value tokens
$replace_string_pieces = array();
foreach($data as $y => $value) {
//// the data arrays have to be integer-indexed
//assert('is_int($y)');
$replace_string_pieces[] = ":{$x}_{$y}";
}
$replace_strings[] = '('.implode(', ', $replace_string_pieces).')';
$x++;
}
$statement = str_replace(array_keys($arrays), $replace_strings, $statement);
$prepared_statement = $this->prepare($statement, $driver_options);
// bind values to the value tokens
$x = 0;
foreach($arrays as $token => $data) {
foreach($data as $y => $value) {
$prepared_statement->bindValue(":{$x}_{$y}", $value);
}
$x++;
}
return $prepared_statement;
}
}
你可以这样使用它:
$db_link = new Array_Capable_PDO($dsn, $username, $password);
$query = '
SELECT *
FROM test
WHERE field1 IN :array1
OR field2 IN :array2
OR field3 = :value
';
$pdo_query = $db_link->prepare_with_arrays(
$query,
array(
':array1' => array(1,2,3),
':array2' => array(7,8,9)
)
);
$pdo_query->bindValue(':value', '10');
$pdo_query->execute();
我扩展了PDO，做一些类似stefs建议的事情，从长远来看，这对我来说更容易:
class Array_Capable_PDO extends PDO {
/**
* Both prepare a statement and bind array values to it
* @param string $statement mysql query with colon-prefixed tokens
* @param array $arrays associatve array with string tokens as keys and integer-indexed data arrays as values
* @param array $driver_options see php documention
* @return PDOStatement with given array values already bound
*/
public function prepare_with_arrays($statement, array $arrays, $driver_options = array()) {
$replace_strings = array();
$x = 0;
foreach($arrays as $token => $data) {
// just for testing...
//// tokens should be legit
//assert('is_string($token)');
//assert('$token !== ""');
//// a given token shouldn't appear more than once in the query
//assert('substr_count($statement, $token) === 1');
//// there should be an array of values for each token
//assert('is_array($data)');
//// empty data arrays aren't okay, they're a SQL syntax error
//assert('count($data) > 0');
// replace array tokens with a list of value tokens
$replace_string_pieces = array();
foreach($data as $y => $value) {
//// the data arrays have to be integer-indexed
//assert('is_int($y)');
$replace_string_pieces[] = ":{$x}_{$y}";
}
$replace_strings[] = '('.implode(', ', $replace_string_pieces).')';
$x++;
}
$statement = str_replace(array_keys($arrays), $replace_strings, $statement);
$prepared_statement = $this->prepare($statement, $driver_options);
// bind values to the value tokens
$x = 0;
foreach($arrays as $token => $data) {
foreach($data as $y => $value) {
$prepared_statement->bindValue(":{$x}_{$y}", $value);
}
$x++;
}
return $prepared_statement;
}
}
你可以这样使用它:
$db_link = new Array_Capable_PDO($dsn, $username, $password);
$query = '
SELECT *
FROM test
WHERE field1 IN :array1
OR field2 IN :array2
OR field3 = :value
';
$pdo_query = $db_link->prepare_with_arrays(
$query,
array(
':array1' => array(1,2,3),
':array2' => array(7,8,9)
)
);
$pdo_query->bindValue(':value', '10');
$pdo_query->execute();
对我来说，更性感的解决方案是构造一个动态关联数组并使用它
// A dirty array sent by user
$dirtyArray = ['Cecile', 'Gilles', 'Andre', 'Claude'];
// we construct an associative array like this
// [ ':name_0' => 'Cecile', ... , ':name_3' => 'Claude' ]
$params = array_combine(
array_map(
// construct param name according to array index
function ($v) {return ":name_{$v}";},
// get values of users
array_keys($dirtyArray)
),
$dirtyArray
);
// construct the query like `.. WHERE name IN ( :name_1, .. , :name_3 )`
$query = "SELECT * FROM user WHERE name IN( " . implode(",", array_keys($params)) . " )";
// here we go
$stmt = $db->prepare($query);
$stmt->execute($params);
在MySQL和PDO中，我们可以使用JSON数组和JSON_CONTAINS() (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/json-search-functions.html#function_json-contains)进行搜索。
$ids = [123, 234, 345, 456]; // Array of users I search
$ids = json_encode($ids); // JSON conversion
$sql = <<<SQL
SELECT ALL user_id, user_login
FROM users
-- Cast is mandatory beaucause JSON_CONTAINS() waits JSON doc candidate
WHERE JSON_CONTAINS(:ids, CAST(user_id AS JSON))
SQL;
$search = $pdo->prepare($sql);
$search->execute([':ids' => $ids]);
$users = $search->fetchAll();
我们也可以使用JSON_TABLE() (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/json-table-functions.html#function_json-table)进行更复杂的情况和JSON数据探索:
$users = [
['id' => 123, 'bday' => ..., 'address' => ...],
['id' => 234, 'bday' => ..., 'address' => ...],
['id' => 345, 'bday' => ..., 'address' => ...],
]; // I'd like to know their login
$users = json_encode($users);
$sql = <<<SQL
SELECT ALL user_id, user_login
FROM users
WHERE user_id IN (
SELECT ALL user_id
FROM JSON_TABLE(:users, '$[*]' COLUMNS (
-- Data exploration...
-- (if needed I can explore really deeply with NESTED kword)
user_id INT PATH '$.id',
-- I could skip these :
user_bday DATE PATH '$.bday',
user_address TINYTEXT PATH '$.address'
)) AS _
)
SQL;
$search = $pdo->prepare($sql);
$search->execute([':users' => $users]);
...
EvilRygy的解决方案对我不起作用。在Postgres中，你可以做另一种解决方法:
$ids = array(1,2,3,7,8,9);
$db = new PDO(...);
$stmt = $db->prepare(
'SELECT *
FROM table
WHERE id = ANY (string_to_array(:an_array, ','))'
);
$stmt->bindParam(':an_array', implode(',', $ids));
$stmt->execute();
您首先在查询中设置“?”的个数，然后由一个“for”发送参数
像这样:
require 'dbConnect.php';
$db=new dbConnect();
$array=[];
array_push($array,'value1');
array_push($array,'value2');
$query="SELECT * FROM sites WHERE kind IN (";
foreach ($array as $field){
$query.="?,";
}
$query=substr($query,0,strlen($query)-1);
$query.=")";
$tbl=$db->connection->prepare($query);
for($i=1;$i<=count($array);$i++)
$tbl->bindParam($i,$array[$i-1],PDO::PARAM_STR);
$tbl->execute();
$row=$tbl->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
var_dump($row);
