我很好奇是否有可能使用PDO将值数组绑定到占位符。这里的用例试图传递一个值数组，以便与IN()条件一起使用。
我希望能够这样做:
<?php
$ids=array(1,2,3,7,8,9);
$db = new PDO(...);
$stmt = $db->prepare(
'SELECT *
FROM table
WHERE id IN(:an_array)'
);
$stmt->bindParam('an_array',$ids);
$stmt->execute();
?>
并让PDO绑定并引用数组中的所有值。
目前我正在做:
<?php
$ids = array(1,2,3,7,8,9);
$db = new PDO(...);
foreach($ids as &$val)
$val=$db->quote($val); //iterate through array and quote
$in = implode(',',$ids); //create comma separated list
$stmt = $db->prepare(
'SELECT *
FROM table
WHERE id IN('.$in.')'
);
$stmt->execute();
?>
这当然是工作，但只是想知道是否有一个内置的解决方案，我错过了?
对我来说，更性感的解决方案是构造一个动态关联数组并使用它
// A dirty array sent by user
$dirtyArray = ['Cecile', 'Gilles', 'Andre', 'Claude'];
// we construct an associative array like this
// [ ':name_0' => 'Cecile', ... , ':name_3' => 'Claude' ]
$params = array_combine(
array_map(
// construct param name according to array index
function ($v) {return ":name_{$v}";},
// get values of users
array_keys($dirtyArray)
),
$dirtyArray
);
// construct the query like `.. WHERE name IN ( :name_1, .. , :name_3 )`
$query = "SELECT * FROM user WHERE name IN( " . implode(",", array_keys($params)) . " )";
// here we go
$stmt = $db->prepare($query);
$stmt->execute($params);
我扩展了PDO，做一些类似stefs建议的事情，从长远来看，这对我来说更容易:
class Array_Capable_PDO extends PDO {
/**
* Both prepare a statement and bind array values to it
* @param string $statement mysql query with colon-prefixed tokens
* @param array $arrays associatve array with string tokens as keys and integer-indexed data arrays as values
* @param array $driver_options see php documention
* @return PDOStatement with given array values already bound
*/
public function prepare_with_arrays($statement, array $arrays, $driver_options = array()) {
$replace_strings = array();
$x = 0;
foreach($arrays as $token => $data) {
// just for testing...
//// tokens should be legit
//assert('is_string($token)');
//assert('$token !== ""');
//// a given token shouldn't appear more than once in the query
//assert('substr_count($statement, $token) === 1');
//// there should be an array of values for each token
//assert('is_array($data)');
//// empty data arrays aren't okay, they're a SQL syntax error
//assert('count($data) > 0');
// replace array tokens with a list of value tokens
$replace_string_pieces = array();
foreach($data as $y => $value) {
//// the data arrays have to be integer-indexed
//assert('is_int($y)');
$replace_string_pieces[] = ":{$x}_{$y}";
}
$replace_strings[] = '('.implode(', ', $replace_string_pieces).')';
$x++;
}
$statement = str_replace(array_keys($arrays), $replace_strings, $statement);
$prepared_statement = $this->prepare($statement, $driver_options);
// bind values to the value tokens
$x = 0;
foreach($arrays as $token => $data) {
foreach($data as $y => $value) {
$prepared_statement->bindValue(":{$x}_{$y}", $value);
}
$x++;
}
return $prepared_statement;
}
}
你可以这样使用它:
$db_link = new Array_Capable_PDO($dsn, $username, $password);
$query = '
SELECT *
FROM test
WHERE field1 IN :array1
OR field2 IN :array2
OR field3 = :value
';
$pdo_query = $db_link->prepare_with_arrays(
$query,
array(
':array1' => array(1,2,3),
':array2' => array(7,8,9)
)
);
$pdo_query->bindValue(':value', '10');
$pdo_query->execute();
EvilRygy的解决方案对我不起作用。在Postgres中，你可以做另一种解决方法:
$ids = array(1,2,3,7,8,9);
$db = new PDO(...);
$stmt = $db->prepare(
'SELECT *
FROM table
WHERE id = ANY (string_to_array(:an_array, ','))'
);
$stmt->bindParam(':an_array', implode(',', $ids));
$stmt->execute();
在经历了同样的问题之后，我采用了一个更简单的解决方案(尽管仍然没有PDO::PARAM_ARRAY那样优雅):
给定数组$ids = array(2,4,32):
$newparams = array();
foreach ($ids as $n => $val){ $newparams[] = ":id_$n"; }
try {
$stmt = $conn->prepare("DELETE FROM $table WHERE ($table.id IN (" . implode(", ",$newparams). "))");
foreach ($ids as $n => $val){
$stmt->bindParam(":id_$n", intval($val), PDO::PARAM_INT);
}
$stmt->execute();
．.． 等等
所以如果你正在使用一个混合值数组，你将需要更多的代码来测试你的值，然后再分配类型参数:
// inside second foreach..
$valuevar = (is_float($val) ? floatval($val) : is_int($val) ? intval($val) : is_string($val) ? strval($val) : $val );
$stmt->bindParam(":id_$n", $valuevar, (is_int($val) ? PDO::PARAM_INT : is_string($val) ? PDO::PARAM_STR : NULL ));
但是我还没有测试过这个。
