使用Apache Lang3 Commons

Integer.parseInt(RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(6, 6));

最小值100000到最大值999999

只需使用Random类：

Random ran = new Random();
// Assumes max and min are non-negative.
int randomInt = min + ran.nextInt(max - min + 1);

我正在考虑使用以下方法将生成的随机数线性归一化到所需范围。设x为随机数，设a和b为期望归一化数的最小和最大范围。

下面是一个非常简单的代码片段，用来测试线性映射产生的范围。

public static void main(String[] args) {
    int a = 100;
    int b = 1000;
    int lowest = b;
    int highest = a;
    int count = 100000;
    Random random = new Random();
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        int nextNumber = (int) ((Math.abs(random.nextDouble()) * (b - a))) + a;
        if (nextNumber < a || nextNumber > b) {
            System.err.println("number not in range :" + nextNumber);
        }
        else {
            System.out.println(nextNumber);
        }
        if (nextNumber < lowest) {
            lowest = nextNumber;
        }
        if (nextNumber > highest) {
            highest = nextNumber;
        }
    }
    System.out.println("Produced " + count + " numbers from " + lowest
            + " to " + highest);
}

import java.util.Random; 

public class RandomUtil {
    // Declare as class variable so that it is not re-seeded every call
    private static Random random = new Random();

    /**
     * Returns a psuedo-random number between min and max (both inclusive)
     * @param min Minimim value
     * @param max Maximim value. Must be greater than min.
     * @return Integer between min and max (both inclusive)
     * @see java.util.Random#nextInt(int)
     */
    public static int nextInt(int min, int max) {
        // nextInt is normally exclusive of the top value,
        // so add 1 to make it inclusive
        return random.nextInt((max - min) + 1) + min;
    }
}

我想知道Apache Commons Math库提供的任何随机数生成方法是否符合要求。

例如：RandomDataGenerator.nextInt或RandomDataGenerator.nextLong

在Java 1.7或更高版本中，执行此操作的标准方法如下：

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;

// nextInt is normally exclusive of the top value,
// so add 1 to make it inclusive
int randomNum = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(min, max + 1);

请参阅相关的JavaDoc。这种方法的优点是不需要显式初始化java.util.Random实例，如果使用不当，可能会导致混淆和错误。

然而，相反，没有办法明确设置种子，因此在测试或保存游戏状态等有用的情况下，很难再现结果。在这些情况下，可以使用下面所示的Java 1.7之前的技术。

在Java 1.7之前，执行此操作的标准方法如下：

import java.util.Random;

/**
 * Returns a pseudo-random number between min and max, inclusive.
 * The difference between min and max can be at most
 * <code>Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1</code>.
 *
 * @param min Minimum value
 * @param max Maximum value.  Must be greater than min.
 * @return Integer between min and max, inclusive.
 * @see java.util.Random#nextInt(int)
 */
public static int randInt(int min, int max) {

    // NOTE: This will (intentionally) not run as written so that folks
    // copy-pasting have to think about how to initialize their
    // Random instance.  Initialization of the Random instance is outside
    // the main scope of the question, but some decent options are to have
    // a field that is initialized once and then re-used as needed or to
    // use ThreadLocalRandom (if using at least Java 1.7).
    // 
    // In particular, do NOT do 'Random rand = new Random()' here or you
    // will get not very good / not very random results.
    Random rand;

    // nextInt is normally exclusive of the top value,
    // so add 1 to make it inclusive
    int randomNum = rand.nextInt((max - min) + 1) + min;

    return randomNum;
}

请参阅相关的JavaDoc。实际上，java.util.Random类通常比java.lang.Math.Random（）更好。

特别是，当标准库中有一个简单的API来完成任务时，无需重新发明随机整数生成轮。