如何在特定范围内生成随机int值?

以下方法存在与整数溢出相关的错误:

randomNum = minimum + (int)(Math.random() * maximum);
// Bug: `randomNum` can be bigger than `maximum`.
Random rn = new Random();
int n = maximum - minimum + 1;
int i = rn.nextInt() % n;
randomNum =  minimum + i;
// Bug: `randomNum` can be smaller than `minimum`.

当前回答

这是实现这一点的简单方法。

import java.util.Random;
class Example{
    public static void main(String args[]){
        /*-To test-
        for(int i = 1 ;i<20 ; i++){
            System.out.print(randomnumber()+",");
        }
        */

        int randomnumber = randomnumber();

    }

    public static int randomnumber(){
        Random rand = new Random();
        int randomNum = rand.nextInt(6) + 5;

        return randomNum;
    }
}

其中5是随机数的起点。6是包括数字5的范围。

其他回答

以前的大多数建议都不考虑“溢出”。例如:min=整数.min_VALUE,max=100。到目前为止,我采用的正确方法之一是:

final long mod = max- min + 1L;
final int next = (int) (Math.abs(rand.nextLong() % mod) + min);

我想知道Apache Commons Math库提供的任何随机数生成方法是否符合要求。

例如:RandomDataGenerator.nextInt或RandomDataGenerator.nextLong

Random random = new Random();
int max = 10;
int min = 3;
int randomNum = random.nextInt(max) % (max - min + 1) + min;
import java.util.Random; 

public class RandomUtil {
    // Declare as class variable so that it is not re-seeded every call
    private static Random random = new Random();

    /**
     * Returns a psuedo-random number between min and max (both inclusive)
     * @param min Minimim value
     * @param max Maximim value. Must be greater than min.
     * @return Integer between min and max (both inclusive)
     * @see java.util.Random#nextInt(int)
     */
    public static int nextInt(int min, int max) {
        // nextInt is normally exclusive of the top value,
        // so add 1 to make it inclusive
        return random.nextInt((max - min) + 1) + min;
    }
}

我已经创建了一个方法来获取给定范围内的唯一整数。

/*
      * minNum is the minimum possible random number
      * maxNum is the maximum possible random number
      * numbersNeeded is the quantity of random number required
      * the give method provides you with unique random number between min & max range
*/
public static Set<Integer> getUniqueRandomNumbers( int minNum , int maxNum ,int numbersNeeded ){

    if(minNum >= maxNum)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxNum must be greater than minNum");

    if(! (numbersNeeded > (maxNum - minNum + 1) ))
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("numberNeeded must be greater then difference b/w (max- min +1)");

    Random rng = new Random(); // Ideally just create one instance globally

    // Note: use LinkedHashSet to maintain insertion order
    Set<Integer> generated = new LinkedHashSet<Integer>();
    while (generated.size() < numbersNeeded)
    {
        Integer next = rng.nextInt((maxNum - minNum) + 1) + minNum;

        // As we're adding to a set, this will automatically do a containment check
        generated.add(next);
    }
    return generated;
}