如何在SQL SELECT语句中执行IF…THEN?
例如:
SELECT IF(Obsolete = 'N' OR InStock = 'Y' ? 1 : 0) AS Saleable, * FROM Product
如何在SQL SELECT语句中执行IF…THEN?
例如:
SELECT IF(Obsolete = 'N' OR InStock = 'Y' ? 1 : 0) AS Saleable, * FROM Product
当前回答
使用CASE语句:
SELECT CASE
WHEN (Obsolete = 'N' OR InStock = 'Y')
THEN 'Y'
ELSE 'N'
END as Available
etc...
其他回答
CASE语句最接近SQL中的IF,并且在所有版本的SQL Server上都受支持。
SELECT CAST(
CASE
WHEN Obsolete = 'N' or InStock = 'Y'
THEN 1
ELSE 0
END AS bit) as Saleable, *
FROM Product
如果希望结果为布尔值,则只需使用CAST运算符。如果您对int感到满意,这将起作用:
SELECT CASE
WHEN Obsolete = 'N' or InStock = 'Y'
THEN 1
ELSE 0
END as Saleable, *
FROM Product
CASE语句可以嵌入到其他CASE语句中,甚至可以包含在聚合中。
SQL Server Denali(SQL Server 2012)添加了IIF语句,该语句也可用于访问(Martin Smith指出):
SELECT IIF(Obsolete = 'N' or InStock = 'Y', 1, 0) as Saleable, * FROM Product
您可以有两种选择来实现:
使用从SQL Server 2012引入的IIF:选择IIF((过时=“N”或InStock=“Y”),1,0)作为可销售产品,*来自产品使用Select Case:选择大小写当过时=“N”或InStock=“Y”时然后1其他0结束销售*FROM产品
会是这样的:
SELECT OrderID, Quantity,
CASE
WHEN Quantity > 30 THEN "The quantity is greater than 30"
WHEN Quantity = 30 THEN "The quantity is 30"
ELSE "The quantity is under 30"
END AS QuantityText
FROM OrderDetails;
使用纯位逻辑:
DECLARE @Product TABLE (
id INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY NOT NULL
,Obsolote CHAR(1)
,Instock CHAR(1)
)
INSERT INTO @Product ([Obsolote], [Instock])
VALUES ('N', 'N'), ('N', 'Y'), ('Y', 'Y'), ('Y', 'N')
;
WITH cte
AS
(
SELECT
'CheckIfInstock' = CAST(ISNULL(NULLIF(ISNULL(NULLIF(p.[Instock], 'Y'), 1), 'N'), 0) AS BIT)
,'CheckIfObsolote' = CAST(ISNULL(NULLIF(ISNULL(NULLIF(p.[Obsolote], 'N'), 0), 'Y'), 1) AS BIT)
,*
FROM
@Product AS p
)
SELECT
'Salable' = c.[CheckIfInstock] & ~c.[CheckIfObsolote]
,*
FROM
[cte] c
请参阅SQL Server中的工作演示:if then without case。
首先,需要计算所选条件的true和false值。下面是两个NULLIF:
for true: ISNULL(NULLIF(p.[Instock], 'Y'), 1)
for false: ISNULL(NULLIF(p.[Instock], 'N'), 0)
组合在一起得到1或0。接下来使用按位运算符。
这是最WYSIWYG的方法。
问题:
SELECT IF(Obsolete = 'N' OR InStock = 'Y' ? 1 : 0) AS Saleable, * FROM Product
答案:
Select
case when p.Obsolete = 'N'
or p.InStock = 'Y' then 1 else 0 end as Saleable,
p.*
FROM
Product p;
使用别名(在本例中为p)将有助于防止出现问题。