我不知道这是否解决了您的问题，但我猜您想要做的是将文件的内容迁移到彼此独立的更小的文件中(合计)。 我还了解到，你有大约10个不同版本的软件，你需要在不搞砸的情况下支持它们。

首先，这是不可能的简单，将解决自己在几分钟的头脑风暴。文件中链接的函数对应用程序都非常重要，简单地将它们删除并迁移到其他文件中并不能解决问题。

我认为你只有这些选择:

Don't migrate and stay with what you have. Possibly quit your job and start working on serious software with good design in addition. Extreme programming is not always the best solution if you are working on a long time project with enough funds to survive a crash or two. Work out a layout of how you would love your file to look once it's split up. Create the necessary files and integrate them in your application. Rename the functions or overload them to take an additional parameter (maybe just a simple boolean?). Once you have to work on your code, migrate the functions you need to work on to the new file and map the function calls of the old functions to the new functions. You should still have your main-file this way, and still be able to see the changes that were made to it, once it comes to a specific function you know exactly when it was outsourced and so on. Try to convince your co-workers with some good cake that workflow is overrated and that you need to rewrite some parts of the application in order to do serious business.

下面是我所想到的解决这些问题的唯一办法。所述方法的实际增益是演化的累进性。这里没有革命，否则你很快就会陷入麻烦。

在原来的主类上面插入一个新的cpp类。目前，它基本上会将所有调用重定向到当前的主类，但目标是使这个新类的API尽可能清晰和简洁。

一旦完成了这些，就可以在新类中添加新功能。

至于现有的功能，当它们变得足够稳定时，您必须逐步将它们移动到新的类中。对于这段代码，您将失去SCC帮助，但是对此没有太多办法。只要选择合适的时机。

我知道这并不完美，但我希望它能有所帮助，这个过程必须适应您的需要!

额外的信息

注意，Git是一个SCC，它可以从一个文件跟踪代码片段到另一个文件。我听说过关于它的好东西，所以它可以帮助你逐步转移你的工作。

Git是围绕blob的概念构建的，如果我理解正确的话，blob表示代码文件的片段。在不同的文件中移动这些片段，Git会找到它们，即使您修改了它们。除了下面评论中提到的Linus Torvalds的视频之外，我还没有找到关于这个问题的一些清楚的东西。

我不知道这是否解决了您的问题，但我猜您想要做的是将文件的内容迁移到彼此独立的更小的文件中(合计)。 我还了解到，你有大约10个不同版本的软件，你需要在不搞砸的情况下支持它们。

首先，这是不可能的简单，将解决自己在几分钟的头脑风暴。文件中链接的函数对应用程序都非常重要，简单地将它们删除并迁移到其他文件中并不能解决问题。

我认为你只有这些选择:

Don't migrate and stay with what you have. Possibly quit your job and start working on serious software with good design in addition. Extreme programming is not always the best solution if you are working on a long time project with enough funds to survive a crash or two. Work out a layout of how you would love your file to look once it's split up. Create the necessary files and integrate them in your application. Rename the functions or overload them to take an additional parameter (maybe just a simple boolean?). Once you have to work on your code, migrate the functions you need to work on to the new file and map the function calls of the old functions to the new functions. You should still have your main-file this way, and still be able to see the changes that were made to it, once it comes to a specific function you know exactly when it was outsourced and so on. Try to convince your co-workers with some good cake that workflow is overrated and that you need to rewrite some parts of the application in order to do serious business.

这是一个困难而有趣的重构。

首先，将实现与接口分离。将这个巨大的文件转换为一个只转发调用和参数的空shell。这样，你可以创建责任有限的组件，而不会影响任何调用者(他们仍然调用巨大的文件/模块/类)。

为了做到这一点，您还需要寻找新的潜在组件的创建时间。根据构造函数的发送方式，在拥有所有参数之前，对参数进行堆叠可能非常棘手。

然后，您可以查找调用者并让他们调用您的组件。这是简单的部分。

这是一个经典的例子，一个已知的反设计模式，称为blob。花点时间阅读我在这里指出的文章，也许你会发现一些有用的东西。此外，如果这个项目像它看起来的那样大，您应该考虑一些设计来防止发展成您无法控制的代码。

Find some code in the file which is relatively stable (not changing fast, and doesn't vary much between branches) and could stand as an independent unit. Move this into its own file, and for that matter into its own class, in all branches. Because it's stable, this won't cause (many) "awkward" merges that have to be applied to a different file from the one they were originally made on, when you merge the change from one branch to another. Repeat. Find some code in the file which basically only applies to a small number of branches, and could stand alone. Doesn't matter whether it's changing fast or not, because of the small number of branches. Move this into its own classes and files. Repeat.

因此，我们去掉了到处都一样的代码，以及特定于某些分支的代码。

This leaves you with a nucleus of badly-managed code - it's needed everywhere, but it's different in every branch (and/or it changes constantly so that some branches are running behind others), and yet it's in a single file that you're unsuccessfully trying to merge between branches. Stop doing that. Branch the file permanently, perhaps by renaming it in each branch. It's not "main" any more, it's "main for configuration X". OK, so you lose the ability to apply the same change to multiple branches by merging, but this is in any case the core of code where merging doesn't work very well. If you're having to manually manage the merges anyway to deal with conflicts, then it's no loss to manually apply them independently on each branch.

我认为你说这种SCC无关紧要是错误的，因为例如git的合并能力可能比你正在使用的合并工具更好。因此，核心问题“合并困难”发生在不同scc的不同时期。但是，您不太可能更改scc，因此这个问题可能无关紧要。