我发现一些答案是有用的，但令人困惑，所以避免任何困惑的未来。我只是想帮助那些有同样困惑的人。

我不会使用branch1和branch2的名称，而是master(活动代码)和hotfix/abc(从master提取)和一个测试分支。

现在，我想将一些特定的文件从测试合并到hotfix/abc，因为不建议从测试或登台分支直接在master上合并。要做到这一点，我将做以下工作:

git checkout hotfix/abc git checkout --merge testing path/to/file1.php path/to/file2.js git add . git commit -m "Fixed specific issue" git push Now go to repo and make a pull request for hotfix/abc to master branch. If you don't know how to do that here I've a small tutorial on that. And if you generally want to learn how these branches and git work, I'd recommend you to watch this <= twenty minutes playlist. Now review your pull request with master and merge it. In case you see any conflicts, it's time to merge master into hotfix/abc. And resolve conflicts over there. And then again repeat step 3-5 followed by 7.

我还从参考教程中得到了帮助。

如果有用的话，竖起大拇指。快乐编码:)

虽然不是合并本身，但有时需要另一个分支上另一个文件的全部内容。Jason Rudolph的博客文章提供了一种将文件从一个分支复制到另一个分支的简单方法。应用如下技巧:

$ git checkout branch1 # ensure in branch1 is checked out and active
$ git checkout branch2 file.py

现在file.py在branch1中。

当来自branch2的file.py中的内容不再适用于branch1时，它需要选择一些更改并保留其他更改。为了完全控制，使用——patch switch进行交互式合并:

$ git checkout --patch branch2 file.py

git-add(1)手册页中的交互模式部分解释了要使用的键:

y - stage this hunk
n - do not stage this hunk
q - quit; do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining ones
a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file
d - do not stage this hunk nor any of the later hunks in the file
g - select a hunk to go to
/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex
j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk
k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk
K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk
s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks
e - manually edit the current hunk
? - print help

split命令特别有用。

我发现的最不让我头疼的方法是:

git checkout <b1>
git checkout -b dummy
git merge <b2>
git checkout <b1>
git checkout dummy <path to file>
git branch -D dummy

这样做之后，b2中文件路径下的文件就是与b1完全合并后的文件。

Git checkout为此提供了一个——merge选项

Git checkout -merge branch2 file.py

使用此选项，将重新创建有冲突的合并。

否则，当一个新的合并发生时:

# Detach and overwrite file.py with content from branch2 
git checkout --detach
git checkout branch2 file.py

# Amend changes and switch back
git commit --amend --no-edit
git checkout -

# Merge the detached branch back in
git merge --no-commit -

对branch2中的file.py的所有修改是否都在各自的提交中，与对其他文件的修改分开?如果是这样，你可以简单地选择更改:

git checkout branch1
git cherry-pick <commit-with-changes-to-file.py>

否则，merge不会在单独的路径上操作…你也可以从branch2中创建一个file.py更改的git diff补丁，然后git将它们应用到branch1:

git checkout branch2
git diff <base-commit-before-changes-to-file.py> -- file.py > my.patch
git checkout branch1
git apply my.patch