此版本适用于德语，但您可以修改$CHARSETS和$TESTCHARS。

class CharsetDetector
{
    private static $CHARSETS = array(
        "ISO_8859-1",
        "ISO_8859-15",
        "CP850"
    );

    private static $TESTCHARS = array(
        "€",
        "ä",
        "Ä",
        "ö",
        "Ö",
        "ü",
        "Ü",
        "ß"
    );

    public static function convert($string)
    {
        return self::__iconv($string, self::getCharset($string));
    }

    public static function getCharset($string)
    {
        $normalized = self::__normalize($string);
        if(!strlen($normalized))
            return "UTF-8";
        $best = "UTF-8";
        $charcountbest = 0;
        foreach (self::$CHARSETS as $charset)
        {
            $str = self::__iconv($normalized, $charset);
            $charcount = 0;
            $stop = mb_strlen($str, "UTF-8");

            for($idx = 0; $idx < $stop; $idx++)
            {
                $char = mb_substr($str, $idx, 1, "UTF-8");
                foreach (self::$TESTCHARS as $testchar)
                {
                    if($char == $testchar)
                    {
                        $charcount++;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            if($charcount > $charcountbest)
            {
                $charcountbest = $charcount;
                $best = $charset;
            }
            //echo $text . "<br />";
        }
        return $best;
    }

    private static function __normalize($str)
    {
        $len = strlen($str);
        $ret = "";
        for($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++)
        {
            $c = ord($str[$i]);
            if ($c > 128) {
                if (($c > 247))
                    $ret .= $str[$i];
                elseif
                    ($c > 239) $bytes = 4;
                elseif
                    ($c > 223) $bytes = 3;
                elseif
                    ($c > 191) $bytes = 2;
                else
                    $ret .= $str[$i];

                if (($i + $bytes) > $len)
                    $ret .= $str[$i];
                $ret2 = $str[$i];
                while ($bytes > 1)
                {
                    $i++;
                    $b = ord($str[$i]);
                    if ($b < 128 || $b > 191)
                    {
                        $ret .= $ret2;
                        $ret2 = "";
                        $i += $bytes-1;
                        $bytes = 1;
                        break;
                    }
                    else
                        $ret2 .= $str[$i];
                    $bytes--;
                }
            }
        }
        return $ret;
    }

    private static function __iconv($string, $charset)
    {
        return iconv ($charset, "UTF-8", $string);
    }
}

我在http://deer.org.ua/2009/10/06/1/:上找到了一个解决方案

class Encoding
{
    /**
     * http://deer.org.ua/2009/10/06/1/
     * @param $string
     * @return null
     */
    public static function detect_encoding($string)
    {
        static $list = ['utf-8', 'windows-1251'];

        foreach ($list as $item) {
            try {
                $sample = iconv($item, $item, $string);
            } catch (\Exception $e) {
                continue;
            }
            if (md5($sample) == md5($string)) {
                return $item;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

$content = file_get_contents($file['tmp_name']);
$encoding = Encoding::detect_encoding($content);
if ($encoding != 'utf-8') {
    $result = iconv($encoding, 'utf-8', $content);
} else {
    $result = $content;
}

我认为@是一个糟糕的决定，并对deer.org.ua的解决方案做了一些更改。

试着用这个…所有不是UTF-8的文本都将被翻译。

function is_utf8($str) {
    return (bool) preg_match('//u', $str);
}

$myString = "Fußball";

if(!is_utf8($myString)){
    $myString = utf8_encode($myString);
}

// or 1 line version ;) 
$myString = !is_utf8($myString) ? utf8_encode($myString) : trim($myString);

检测编码是困难的。

mb_detect_encoding works by guessing, based on a number of candidates that you pass it. In some encodings, certain byte-sequences are invalid, an therefore it can distinguish between various candidates. Unfortunately, there are a lot of encodings, where the same bytes are valid (but different). In these cases, there is no way to determine the encoding; You can implement your own logic to make guesses in these cases. For example, data coming from a Japanese site might be more likely to have a Japanese encoding.

As long as you only deal with Western European languages, the three major encodings to consider are utf-8, iso-8859-1 and cp-1252. Since these are defaults for many platforms, they are also the most likely to be reported wrongly about. Eg. if people use different encodings, they are likely to be frank about it, since else their software would break very often. Therefore, a good strategy is to trust the provider, unless the encoding is reported as one of those three. You should still doublecheck that it is indeed valid, using mb_check_encoding (note that valid is not the same as being - the same input may be valid for many encodings). If it is one of those, you can then use mb_detect_encoding to distinguish between them. Luckily that is fairly deterministic; You just need to use the proper detect-sequence, which is UTF-8,ISO-8859-1,WINDOWS-1252.

一旦检测到编码，就需要将其转换为内部表示(UTF-8是唯一明智的选择)。函数utf8_encode将ISO-8859-1转换为UTF-8，因此它只能用于特定的输入类型。对于其他编码，使用mb_convert_encoding。

一个实现isutf8函数的好方法可以在php.net上找到:

function isUTF8($string) {
    return (utf8_encode(utf8_decode($string)) == $string);
}

mb_detect_encoding:

echo mb_detect_encoding($str, "auto");

Or

echo mb_detect_encoding($str, "UTF-8, ASCII, ISO-8859-1");

我真的不知道结果是什么，但我建议您只是使用不同编码的一些提要，并尝试mb_detect_encoding是否有效。

auto是“ASCII,JIS,UTF-8,EUC-JP,SJIS”的缩写。它返回检测到的字符集，您可以使用iconv将字符串转换为UTF-8。

<?php
function convertToUTF8($str) {
    $enc = mb_detect_encoding($str);

    if ($enc && $enc != 'UTF-8') {
        return iconv($enc, 'UTF-8', $str);
    } else {
        return $str;
    }
}
?>

我还没有测试过，所以不能保证。也许有更简单的方法。