我试图在Bash脚本中划分两个图像宽度，但Bash给我0作为结果:
RESULT=$(($IMG_WIDTH/$IMG2_WIDTH))
我确实研究了Bash指南，我知道我应该使用bc，在互联网上的所有例子中，他们都使用bc。在echo中，我试图把同样的东西放在我的SCALE中，但它不起作用。
以下是我在教程中找到的例子:
echo "scale=2; ${userinput}" | bc
我怎么能让巴斯给我0.5这样的浮点数呢?
当前回答
稍微改进一下马文的回答:
RESULT=$(awk "BEGIN {printf \"%.2f\",${IMG_WIDTH}/${IMG2_WIDTH}}")
BC并不总是安装包。
其他回答
Bash可以很好地计算浮点结果，不需要任何其他程序。
Bash独立甚至可以精确地计算π到小数点后第九位。
例子:
calc=104348/33215
accuracy=9
calc99p9=$((10**$accuracy))*$calc
result99p9=$((calc99p9))
result=${result99p9: -${#result99p9}: -$accuracy}.${result99p9: -$accuracy}
echo Bash calculated pi to be $result
结果
Bash calculated pi to be 3.141592653
你不能。Bash只处理整数;您必须委托给bc之类的工具。
如何在bash中进行浮点计算:
不同于在bc命令中使用"here strings"(<<<)，这是我最喜欢的bc浮点示例，来自bc手册页的示例部分(参见man bc手册页)。
在我们开始之前，知道pi的方程是:pi = 4*atan(1)。下面的A()是atan()的BC数学函数。
This is how to store the result of a floating point calculation into a bash variable--in this case into a variable called pi. Note that scale=10 sets the number of decimal digits of precision to 10 in this case. Any decimal digits after this place are truncated. pi=$(echo "scale=10; 4*a(1)" | bc -l) Now, to have a single line of code that also prints out the value of this variable, simply add the echo command to the end as a follow-up command, as follows. Note the truncation at 10 decimal places, as commanded: pi=$(echo "scale=10; 4*a(1)" | bc -l); echo $pi 3.1415926532 Finally, let's throw in some rounding. Here we will use the printf function to round to 4 decimal places. Note that the 3.14159... rounds now to 3.1416. Since we are rounding, we no longer need to use scale=10 to truncate to 10 decimal places, so we'll just remove that part. Here's the end solution: pi=$(printf %.4f $(echo "4*a(1)" | bc -l)); echo $pi 3.1416
下面是上述技术的另一个非常棒的应用程序和演示:测量和打印运行时。
(参见我的另一个答案)。
注意，dt_min从0.01666666666…0.017:
start=$SECONDS; sleep 1; end=$SECONDS; dt_sec=$(( end - start )); dt_min=$(printf %.3f $(echo "$dt_sec/60" | bc -l)); echo "dt_sec = $dt_sec; dt_min = $dt_min"
dt_sec = 1; dt_min = 0.017
相关:
(我的回答)https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/52313/how-to-get-execution-time-of-a-script-effectively/547849#547849 [我的问题]三个左尖括号(' <<< ')在bash中是什么意思? https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/80362/what-does-mean/80368#80368 https://askubuntu.com/questions/179898/how-to-round-decimals-using-bc-in-bash/574474#574474
让我们举个例子来理解，如果你想找到n个数组元素的平均值(当然平均值将是浮点数/小数)
declare -a arr
echo "How many numbers you want to enter?"
read n
echo "Enter the Array Elements"
for(( i=0 ; i<$n ; i++))
do
read array_elements
arr[$i]="$array_elements"
done
sum=0
for i in "${arr[@]}"
do
#sum and avg
sum=$(($sum + $i))
#average will come in decimals
avg=`echo $sum / $n | bc -l`
done
# Output results:
printf "Average of Array Elements %.2f:" $avg
因此，我们将使用"| bc -l"来进行浮动计算
它不是真正的浮点数，但如果你想在一次调用bc时设置多个结果…
source /dev/stdin <<<$(bc <<< '
d='$1'*3.1415926535897932384626433832795*2
print "d=",d,"\n"
a='$1'*'$1'*3.1415926535897932384626433832795
print "a=",a,"\n"
')
echo bc radius:$1 area:$a diameter:$d
计算半径为$1的圆的面积和直径
