在浮点数出现之前，固定小数逻辑是被使用的:

IMG_WIDTH=100
IMG2_WIDTH=3
RESULT=$((${IMG_WIDTH}00/$IMG2_WIDTH))
echo "${RESULT:0:-2}.${RESULT: -2}"
33.33

最后一行是bashim，如果不使用bash，试试下面的代码:

IMG_WIDTH=100
IMG2_WIDTH=3
INTEGER=$(($IMG_WIDTH/$IMG2_WIDTH))
DECIMAL=$(tail -c 3 <<< $((${IMG_WIDTH}00/$IMG2_WIDTH)))
RESULT=$INTEGER.$DECIMAL
echo $RESULT
33.33

代码背后的基本原理是:在除之前乘以100得到两个小数。

Bash可以很好地计算浮点结果，不需要任何其他程序。

Bash独立甚至可以精确地计算π到小数点后第九位。

例子:

calc=104348/33215

accuracy=9

calc99p9=$((10**$accuracy))*$calc
result99p9=$((calc99p9))
result=${result99p9: -${#result99p9}: -$accuracy}.${result99p9: -$accuracy}

echo Bash calculated pi to be $result

结果

Bash calculated pi to be 3.141592653

There are scenarios in wich you cannot use bc becouse it might simply not be present, like in some cut down versions of busybox or embedded systems. In any case limiting outer dependencies is always a good thing to do so you can always add zeroes to the number being divided by (numerator), that is the same as multiplying by a power of 10 (you should choose a power of 10 according to the precision you need), that will make the division output an integer number. Once you have that integer treat it as a string and position the decimal point (moving it from right to left) a number of times equal to the power of ten you multiplied the numerator by. This is a simple way of obtaining float results by using only integer numbers.

红利=除数×商+余数

我们来计算商和余数。 以及将这些字符串连接到一个变量中。

新方法只对log_decimal除数有效:

function main() {
  bar=10030
  divisor=100
  # divisor=50

  quotient=$((bar / divisor))
  # remainder=$((bar - v_int * divisor))
  remainder=$((bar % divisor))
  remainder_init=$remainder

  printf "%-15s --> %s\n" "quotient" "$quotient"
  printf "%-15s --> %s\n" "remainder" "$remainder"

  cnt=0
  while :; do
    remainder=$((remainder * 10))
    aux=$((remainder / divisor))
    printf "%-15s --> %s\n" "aux" "$aux"
    [[ aux -ne 0 ]] && break
    ((cnt += 1))
    printf "%-15s --> %s\n" "remainder" "$remainder"
  done
  printf "%-15s --> %s\n" "cnt" "$cnt"
  printf "%-15s --> %s\n" "aux" "$aux"

  printf $quotient
  printf "."
  for i in $(seq 1 $cnt); do printf "0"; done
  printf $remainder_init
}
clear
main

旧的错误方式:

bar=1234 \
&& divisor=1000 \
    && foo=$(printf "%s.%s" $(( bar / divisor )) $(( bar % divisor ))) \
    && printf "bar is %d miliseconds or %s seconds\n" $bar $foo

输出:bar为1234毫秒或1.234秒

你可以这样做:

bc <<< 'scale=2; 100/3'
33.33

更新20130926:你可以使用:

bc -l <<< '100/3' # saves a few hits
33.33333333333333333333

bash

正如其他人指出的那样，bash不支持浮点运算，尽管您可以使用一些固定的小数技巧来伪造它，例如使用两个小数:

echo $(( 100 * 1 / 3 )) | sed -e 's/..$/.&/;t' -e 's/.$/.0&/'

输出:

.33

请参阅Nilfred的回答，了解类似但更简洁的方法。

选择

除了提到的bc和awk的替代品，还有以下:

clisp

clisp -x '(/ 1.0 3)'

清理输出:

clisp --quiet -x '(/ 1.0 3)'

或者通过stdin:

echo '(/ 1.0 3)' | clisp --quiet | tail -n1

dc

echo 2k 1 3 /p | dc

天才cli计算器

echo 1/3.0 | genius

ghostscript

echo 1 3 div = | gs -dNODISPLAY -dQUIET | sed -n '1s/.*>//p' 

gnuplot

echo 'pr 1/3.' | gnuplot

Imagemagick

convert xc: -format '%[fx:1/3]' info:

或者通过stdin:

echo 1/3 | { convert xc: -format "%[fx:$(cat)]" info:; }

jq

jq -n 1/3

或者通过stdin:

echo 1/3 | jq -nf /dev/stdin

ksh

echo 'print $(( 1/3. ))' | ksh

lua

lua -e 'print(1/3)'

或者通过stdin:

echo 'print(1/3)' | lua

maxima

echo '1/3,numer;' | maxima

清理输出:

echo '1/3,numer;' | maxima --quiet | sed -En '2s/[^ ]+ [^ ]+ +//p'

node

echo 1/3 | node -p

倍频程

echo 1/3 | octave

perl

echo print 1/3 | perl

python2

echo print 1/3. | python2

python3

echo 'print(1/3)' | python3

R

echo 1/3 | R --no-save

清理输出:

echo 1/3 | R --vanilla --quiet | sed -n '2s/.* //p'

ruby

echo puts 1/3.0 | ruby

单位

units 1/3

输出紧凑:

units --com 1/3

水垢

echo 1/3 | wcalc

清理输出:

echo 1/3 | wcalc | tr -d ' ' | cut -d= -f2

zsh

print $(( 1/3. ))

或者通过stdin:

echo 'print $(( 1/3. ))' | zsh

其他来源

Stéphane Chazelas在UL上回答了类似的问题。