我正在寻找最酷的事情,你可以在几行简单的代码。我相信你可以用Haskell用15行写一个Mandelbrot集,但是很难理解。

我的目标是启发学生编程很酷。

我们知道编程很酷,因为你可以创造任何你想象到的东西——它是最终的创意出口。我想激励这些初学者,让他们尽可能多地克服早期学习的困难。

Now, my reasons are selfish. I'm teaching an Intro to Computing course to a group of 60 half-engineering, half business majors; all freshmen. They are the students who came from underprivileged High schools. From my past experience, the group is generally split as follows: a few rock-stars, some who try very hard and kind of get it, the few who try very hard and barely get it, and the few who don't care. I want to reach as many of these groups as effectively as I can. Here's an example of how I'd use a computer program to teach:

Here's an example of what I'm looking for: a 1-line VBS script to get your computer to talk to you: CreateObject("sapi.spvoice").Speak InputBox("Enter your text","Talk it") I could use this to demonstrate order of operations. I'd show the code, let them play with it, then explain that There's a lot going on in that line, but the computer can make sense of it, because it knows the rules. Then I'd show them something like this: 4(5*5) / 10 + 9(.25 + .75) And you can see that first I need to do is (5*5). Then I can multiply for 4. And now I've created the Object. Dividing by 10 is the same as calling Speak - I can't Speak before I have an object, and I can't divide before I have 100. Then on the other side I first create an InputBox with some instructions for how to display it. When I hit enter on the input box it evaluates or "returns" whatever I entered. (Hint: 'oooooo' makes a funny sound) So when I say Speak, the right side is what to Speak. And I get that from the InputBox. So when you do several things on a line, like: x = 14 + y; You need to be aware of the order of things. First we add 14 and y. Then we put the result (what it evaluates to, or returns) into x.

这就是我的目标,有一堆很酷的例子来演示,并在他们玩得开心的时候教他们。我在我室友身上尝试了这个例子,虽然我可能不会把它作为第一课,但她喜欢它,并学到了一些东西。

一些很酷的数学程序,可以做出漂亮的图形或容易理解的形状,这是很好的想法,我将研究这些。这里有一些复杂的actionscript示例,但这有点太高级了,我不能教flash。你还有什么其他的想法吗?


当前回答

当我还是个孩子的时候,这是最酷的事情:

10 PRINT "BEDWYR "
20 GOTO 10

我想现在它已经不太管用了;)

其他回答

我记得我发现简单的循环很神奇。每次我学习一门新语言,我通常会把这样的东西放在一起:

<?php
$numberOfBottles = 99;
print("<h1>$numberOfBottles Bottles of Beer on the Wall</h1>");
print("$numberOfBottles bottles of beer on the wall,<br />");
print("$numberOfBottles bottles of beer!<br />");
print("Take one down, pass it around,<br />");
for($numberOfBottles--; $numberOfBottles>1; $numberOfBottles--)
{
    print("$numberOfBottles bottles of beer on the wall!<br />");
    print("<br />");
    print("$numberOfBottles  bottles of beer on the wall,<br />");
    print("$numberOfBottles  bottles of beer!<br />");
    print("Take one down, pass it around,<br />");
}
print("One last bottle of beer on the wall!");
?>

也许一些while或foreach循环的变化也会很容易。

这是作弊,甚至一点都不简单,但我曾经用c++写了一个20行的射击游戏,使用Allegro图形库。对于一条线是什么,没有真正的标准,但它是有点过时了,它纯粹是为了好玩而创造的。甚至还有粗糙的音效。

这是它的样子:

20行http://img227.imageshack.us/img227/8770/20linesxx0.png

下面是代码(应该编译):

bool inside(int x, int y, int x2, int y2) { return (x>x2&&x<x2+20&&y>y2&&y<y2+10); }
int main() {
  BITMAP* buffer;
  float px,shotx,shoty,monstars[8],first,rnd,pressed,points = 0, maxp = 0;
  unsigned char midi[5] = {0xC0,127,0x90,25,0x54}, plgfx[] = {0,0,0,10,3,10,3,5,6,5,6,10,8,12,10,10,10,5,13,5,13,10,16,10,16,0,13,0,13,2,3,2,3,0,0,0}, mongfx[] = {0,0, 10,5, 20,0, 17,8, 15,6, 10,16, 5,6, 3,8, 0,0};
  allegro_init(), set_color_depth(32), set_gfx_mode(GFX_AUTODETECT_WINDOWED,320,240,0,0), install_timer(), install_keyboard(),  install_mouse(), buffer = create_bitmap(320,240),srand(time(NULL)),install_sound(DIGI_AUTODETECT, MIDI_AUTODETECT,""),clear_to_color(buffer,makecol32(100,100,255));
    while ((pressed=(!key[KEY_Z]&&pressed)?0:pressed)?1:1&&(((shoty=key[KEY_Z]&&shoty<0&&pressed==0?(pressed=1?200:200):first==0?-1:shoty)==200?shotx=px+9:0)==9999?1:1) && 1+(px += key[KEY_LEFT]?-0.1:0 + key[KEY_RIGHT]?0.1:0) && 1+int(px=(px<0?0:(px>228?228:px))) && !key[KEY_ESC]) {
    rectfill(buffer,0,0,244,240,makecol32(0,0,0));
    for(int i=0;i<8;i++) if (inside(shotx,shoty,i*32,monstars[i])) midi_out(midi,5);
        for (int i=0; i<8; monstars[i] += first++>8?(monstars[i]==-100?0:0.02):-100, points = monstars[i]>240?points-1:points, monstars[i]=monstars[i]>240?-100:monstars[i], points = inside(shotx,shoty,i*32,monstars[i])?points+1:points, (monstars[i] = inside(shotx,shoty,i*32,monstars[i])?shoty=-1?-100:-100:monstars[i]), maxp = maxp>points?maxp:points, i++) for (int j=1; j<9; j++) line(buffer,i*32+mongfx[j*2 - 2],monstars[i]+mongfx[j*2-1],i*32+mongfx[j*2],monstars[i]+mongfx[j*2+1],makecol32(255,0,0));
    if (int(first)%2000 == 0 && int(rnd=float(rand()%8))) monstars[int(rnd)] = monstars[int(rnd)]==-100?-20:monstars[int(rnd)]; // randomowe pojawianie potworkow
    if (shoty>0) rectfill(buffer,shotx,shoty-=0.1,shotx+2,shoty+2,makecol32(0,255,255)); // rysowanie strzalu
    for (int i=1; i<18; i++) line(buffer,px+plgfx[i*2 - 2],200-plgfx[i*2-1],px+plgfx[i*2],200-plgfx[i*2+1],makecol32(255,255,0));
    textprintf_ex(buffer,font,250,10,makecol32(255,255,255),makecol32(100,100,255),"$: %i   ",int(points)*10);
    textprintf_ex(buffer,font,250,20,makecol32(255,255,255),makecol32(100,100,255),"$$ %i   ",int(maxp)*10);
    blit(buffer, screen, 0, 0, 0, 0, 320,240);
  }
} END_OF_MAIN()

Mandelbrot集合可以用一种不太复杂的方式来表示,例如下面的Java:

public class MiniMandelbrot {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] rgbArray = new int[256 * 256];
        for (int y=0; y<256; y++) {
            for (int x=0; x<256; x++) {
                double cReal=x/64.0-2.0, cImaginary=y/64.0-2.0;
                double zReal=0.0, zImaginary=0.0, zRealSquared=0.0, zImaginarySquared=0.0;
                int i;
                for (i = 0; (i < 63) && (zRealSquared + zImaginarySquared < 4.0); i++) {
                    zImaginary = (zReal * zImaginary) + (zReal * zImaginary) + cImaginary;
                    zReal = zRealSquared - zImaginarySquared - cReal;
                    zImaginarySquared = zImaginary * zImaginary;
                    zRealSquared = zReal * zReal;
                }
                rgbArray[x+y*256] = i * 0x040404;
            }
        }
        java.awt.image.BufferedImage bufferedImage = new java.awt.image.BufferedImage(256, 256, 1);
        bufferedImage.setRGB(0, 0, 256, 256, rgbArray, 0, 256);
        javax.swing.JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, new javax.swing.ImageIcon(bufferedImage), "The Mandelbrot Set", -1);
    }
}

当史蒂夫·沃兹尼亚克(Steve Wozniak)制作第一台Apple II时,他喜欢用Apple Basic来展示一款Breakout游戏,他当场就输入了这个游戏。我想大概有10行;我希望我能把它粘贴在这里。你也可以在Processing这样的系统中这样做。

我发现最喜欢的(在GWBASIC中)是:

10 input "What is your name ";N$
20 i = int(rnd * 2)
30 if i = 0 print "Hello ";N$;". You are a <fill in insult number 1>"
40 if i = 1 print "Hello ";N$;". You are a <fill in insult number 2>"

我发现初学的学生有一些观念需要修正。

电脑不会读心术。 计算机一次只做一件事,即使它们做得如此之快,它们似乎一次就做完了。 计算机只是愚蠢的机器,只会做被告知的事情。 计算机只能识别特定的东西,而这些东西就像积木一样。 一个关键的概念是,变量是包含一个值的东西,它的名称与该值不同。 你编辑程序的时间和它运行的时间之间的区别。

祝你在课堂上好运。我相信你会做得很好的。

附言:我相信你明白,除了材料和技能,你还在教授一种态度,这也是同样重要的。