这个答案的CoffeeScript版本，有适当的错误处理:

fs = require "fs"
{join} = require "path"
async = require "async"

get_subdirs = (root, callback)->
    fs.readdir root, (err, files)->
        return callback err if err
        subdirs = []
        async.each files,
            (file, callback)->
                fs.stat join(root, file), (err, stats)->
                    return callback err if err
                    subdirs.push file if stats.isDirectory()
                    callback null
            (err)->
                return callback err if err
                callback null, subdirs

取决于async

或者，使用一个模块! (所有东西都有模块。[引文需要])

以防其他人从网络搜索到这里，并且已经在他们的依赖列表中有Grunt，这个问题的答案变得微不足道。以下是我的解决方案:

/**
 * Return all the subfolders of this path
 * @param {String} parentFolderPath - valid folder path
 * @param {String} glob ['/*'] - optional glob so you can do recursive if you want
 * @returns {String[]} subfolder paths
 */
getSubfolders = (parentFolderPath, glob = '/*') => {
    return grunt.file.expand({filter: 'isDirectory'}, parentFolderPath + glob);
}

承诺

import { readdir } from 'fs/promises'

const getDirectories = async source =>
  (await readdir(source, { withFileTypes: true }))
    .filter(dirent => dirent.isDirectory())
    .map(dirent => dirent.name)

回调

import { readdir } from 'fs'

const getDirectories = (source, callback) =>
  readdir(source, { withFileTypes: true }, (err, files) => {
    if (err) {
      callback(err)
    } else {
      callback(
        files
          .filter(dirent => dirent.isDirectory())
          .map(dirent => dirent.name)
      )
    }
  })

Syncronous

import { readdirSync } from 'fs'

const getDirectories = source =>
  readdirSync(source, { withFileTypes: true })
    .filter(dirent => dirent.isDirectory())
    .map(dirent => dirent.name)

使用node.js版本>= v10.13.0, fs. js。readdirSync将返回一个fs数组。如果withFileTypes选项设置为true，则直接对象。

所以你可以用，

const fs = require('fs')

const directories = source => fs.readdirSync(source, {
   withFileTypes: true
}).reduce((a, c) => {
   c.isDirectory() && a.push(c.name)
   return a
}, [])

你可以使用dree，如果使用一个模块是负担得起的

const dree = require('dree');

const options = {
  depth: 1
};
const fileCallback = function() {};

const directories = [];
const dirCallback = function(dir) {
 directories.push(dir.name);
};

dree.scan('./dir', {});

console.log(directories);

指定路径("./dir")的子目录将被打印。

如果您不设置选项depth: 1，您甚至会以递归的方式获取所有目录，而不仅仅是指定路径的有向子目录。

如果需要使用全异步版本。你可以有这样的东西。

记录目录长度，使用它作为一个指示器，以告知是否所有异步统计任务已完成。 如果异步统计任务已完成，则所有文件统计都已检查，因此调用回调

这将只在Node.js是单线程的情况下工作，因为它假设没有两个异步任务会同时增加计数器。

'use strict';

var fs = require("fs");
var path = require("path");
var basePath = "./";

function result_callback(results) {
    results.forEach((obj) => {
        console.log("isFile: " + obj.fileName);
        console.log("fileName: " + obj.isFile);
    });
};

fs.readdir(basePath, (err, files) => {
    var results = [];
    var total = files.length;
    var finished = 0;

    files.forEach((fileName) => {
        // console.log(fileName);
        var fullPath = path.join(basePath, fileName);

        fs.stat(fullPath, (err, stat) => {
            // this will work because Node.js is single thread
            // therefore, the counter will not increment at the same time by two callback
            finished++;

            if (stat.isFile()) {
                results.push({
                    fileName: fileName,
                    isFile: stat.isFile()
                });
            }

            if (finished == total) {
                result_callback(results);
            }
        });
    });
});

正如您所看到的，这是一种“深度优先”的方法，这可能会导致回调地狱，而且它不是完全“功能性的”。人们试图用Promise来解决这个问题，方法是将异步任务包装到Promise对象中。

'use strict';

var fs = require("fs");
var path = require("path");
var basePath = "./";

function result_callback(results) {
    results.forEach((obj) => {
        console.log("isFile: " + obj.fileName);
        console.log("fileName: " + obj.isFile);
    });
};

fs.readdir(basePath, (err, files) => {
    var results = [];
    var total = files.length;
    var finished = 0;

    var promises = files.map((fileName) => {
        // console.log(fileName);
        var fullPath = path.join(basePath, fileName);

        return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
            // try to replace fullPath wil "aaa", it will reject
            fs.stat(fullPath, (err, stat) => {
                if (err) {
                    reject(err);
                    return;
                }

                var obj = {
                    fileName: fileName,
                    isFile: stat.isFile()
                };

                resolve(obj);
            });
        });
    });

    Promise.all(promises).then((values) => {
        console.log("All the promise resolved");
        console.log(values);
        console.log("Filter out folder: ");
        values
            .filter((obj) => obj.isFile)
            .forEach((obj) => {
                console.log(obj.fileName);
            });
    }, (reason) => {
        console.log("Not all the promise resolved");
        console.log(reason);
    });
});