当使用来自注册中心的docker映像时，我经常需要查看映像容器创建的卷。
注意:我在Red Hat 7上使用docker 1.3.2版本。
例子
Docker Registry的postgress官方镜像有一个为容器/var/lib/postgresql/data.配置的卷
在postgres容器中显示/var/lib/postgresql/data的卷最简洁的命令是什么?
使用docker ps获取容器id。
然后docker inspect -f '{{.Mounts}}' containerid
例子:
终端1
$ docker run -it -v /tmp:/tmp ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash
终端2
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ddb7b55902cc ubuntu:14.04 "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Up About a minute distracted_banach
$ docker inspect -f "{{ .Mounts }}" ddb7
map[/tmp:/tmp]
输出
map[/tmp:/tmp]
显然是由于使用了Go语言来实现docker命令工具。
没有-f格式的docker inspect命令相当冗长。因为它是JSON，你可以将它管道到python或nodejs，并提取你需要的任何东西。
paul@home:~$ docker inspect ddb7
[{
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"Args": [],
"Config": {
"AttachStderr": true,
"AttachStdin": true,
"AttachStdout": true,
"Cmd": [
"/bin/bash"
],
"CpuShares": 0,
"Cpuset": "",
"Domainname": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"ExposedPorts": null,
"Hostname": "ddb7b55902cc",
"Image": "ubuntu:14.04",
"MacAddress": "",
"Memory": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"NetworkDisabled": false,
"OnBuild": null,
"OpenStdin": true,
"PortSpecs": null,
"StdinOnce": true,
"Tty": true,
"User": "",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": ""
},
"Created": "2015-05-08T22:41:44.74862921Z",
"Driver": "devicemapper",
"ExecDriver": "native-0.2",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": [
"/tmp:/tmp"
],
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"Devices": [],
"Dns": null,
"DnsSearch": null,
"ExtraHosts": null,
"IpcMode": "",
"Links": null,
"LxcConf": [],
"NetworkMode": "bridge",
"PidMode": "",
"PortBindings": {},
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"RestartPolicy": {
"MaximumRetryCount": 0,
"Name": ""
},
"SecurityOpt": null,
"VolumesFrom": null
},
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/ddb7b55902cc328612d794570fe9a936d96a9644411e89c4ea116a5fef4c311a/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/ddb7b55902cc328612d794570fe9a936d96a9644411e89c4ea116a5fef4c311a/hosts",
"Id": "ddb7b55902cc328612d794570fe9a936d96a9644411e89c4ea116a5fef4c311a",
"Image": "ed5a78b7b42bde1e3e4c2996e02da778882dca78f8919cbd0deb6694803edec3",
"MountLabel": "",
"Name": "/distracted_banach",
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "docker0",
"Gateway": "172.17.42.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.4",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "fe80::42:acff:fe11:4",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 64,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:04",
"PortMapping": null,
"Ports": {}
},
"Path": "/bin/bash",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/ddb7b55902cc328612d794570fe9a936d96a9644411e89c4ea116a5fef4c311a/resolv.conf",
"RestartCount": 0,
"State": {
"Error": "",
"ExitCode": 0,
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
"OOMKilled": false,
"Paused": false,
"Pid": 6115,
"Restarting": false,
"Running": true,
"StartedAt": "2015-05-08T22:41:45.367432585Z"
},
"Volumes": {
"/tmp": "/tmp"
},
"VolumesRW": {
"/tmp": true
}
}
]
Docker history <image name>将显示烘烤到图像中的层。不幸的是，docker的历史似乎因其格式和缺乏选择显示内容的选项而受到限制。
你可以通过——no-trunc标志来选择简洁和冗长的格式。
$ docker history drpaulbrewer/spark-worker
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE
438ff4e1753a 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [/bin/sh -c /spark/my-s 0 B
6b664e299724 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:09da603c5f0dca7cc6 296 B
f6ae126ae124 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER drpaulbrewer@eaf 0 B
70bcb3ffaec9 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 2222/tcp 4040/tcp 60 0 B
1332ac203849 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c apt-get update && apt-get --yes up 1.481 GB
8e6f1e0bb1b0 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c sed -e 's/archive.ubuntu.com/www.g 1.975 kB
b3d242776b1f 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /spark/spark-1.3.1 0 B
ac0d6cc5aa3f 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:b6549e3d28e2d149c0 25.89 MB
6ee404a44b3f 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /spark 0 B
c167faff18cf 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c adduser --disabled-password --home 335.1 kB
f55d468318a4 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER drpaulbrewer@eaf 0 B
19c8c047d0fe 8 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [/bin/bash] 0 B
c44d976a473f 8 weeks ago /bin/sh -c sed -i 's/^#\s*\(deb.*universe\)$/ 1.879 kB
14dbf1d35e28 8 weeks ago /bin/sh -c echo '#!/bin/sh' > /usr/sbin/polic 701 B
afa7a164a0d2 8 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:57f97478006b988c0c 131.5 MB
511136ea3c5a 23 months ago 0 B
这里有一个详细的例子。
docker history --no-trunc=true drpaulbrewer/spark-worker
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE
438ff4e1753a60779f389a3de593d41f7d24a61da6e1df76dded74a688febd64 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [/bin/sh -c /spark/my-spark-worker.sh] 0 B
6b664e29972481b8d6d47f98167f110609d9599f48001c3ca11c22364196c98a 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:09da603c5f0dca7cc60f1911caf30c3c70df5e4783f7eb10468e70df66e2109f in /spark/ 296 B
f6ae126ae124ca211c04a1257510930b37ea78425e31a273ea0b1495fa176c57 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER drpaulbrewer@eaftc.com 0 B
70bcb3ffaec97a0d14e93b170ed70cc7d68c3c9dfb0222c1d360a300d6e05255 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 2222/tcp 4040/tcp 6066/tcp 7077/tcp 7777/tcp 8080/tcp 8081/tcp 0 B
1332ac20384947fe1f15107213b675e5be36a68d72f0e81153d6d5a21acf35af 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c apt-get update && apt-get --yes upgrade && apt-get --yes install sed nano curl wget openjdk-8-jdk scala && echo "JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64" >>/etc/environment && export MAVEN_OPTS="-Xmx2g -XX:MaxPermSize=512M -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=512m" && ./build/mvn -Phive -Phive-thriftserver -DskipTests clean package && chown -R spark:spark /spark && mkdir /var/run/sshd 1.481 GB
8e6f1e0bb1b0b9286947d3a4b443cc8099b00f9670aab1d58654051e06f62e51 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c sed -e 's/archive.ubuntu.com/www.gtlib.gatech.edu\/pub/' /etc/apt/sources.list > /tmp/sources.list && mv /tmp/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list 1.975 kB
b3d242776b1f1f1ae5685471d06a91a68f92845ef6fc6445d831835cd55e5d0b 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /spark/spark-1.3.1 0 B
ac0d6cc5aa3fdc3b65fc0173f6775af283c3c395c8dae945cf23940435f2785d 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:b6549e3d28e2d149c0bc84f69eb0beab16f62780fc4889bcc64cfc9ce9f762d6 in /spark/ 25.89 MB
6ee404a44b3fdd3ef3318dc10f3d002f1995eea238c78f4eeb9733d00bb29404 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /spark 0 B
c167faff18cfecedef30343ef1cb54aca45f4ef0478a3f6296746683f69d601b 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c adduser --disabled-password --home /spark spark 335.1 kB
f55d468318a4778733160d377c5d350dc8f593683009699c2af85244471b15a3 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER drpaulbrewer@eaftc.com 0 B
19c8c047d0fe2de7239120f2b5c1a20bbbcb4d3eb9cbf0efa59ab27ab047377a 8 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [/bin/bash] 0 B
c44d976a473f143937ef91449c73f2cabd109b540f6edf54facb9bc2b4fff136 8 weeks ago /bin/sh -c sed -i 's/^#\s*\(deb.*universe\)$/\1/g' /etc/apt/sources.list 1.879 kB
14dbf1d35e2849a00c6c2628055030fa84b4fb55eaadbe0ecad8b82df65cc0db 8 weeks ago /bin/sh -c echo '#!/bin/sh' > /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d && echo 'exit 101' >> /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d && chmod +x /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d && dpkg-divert --local --rename --add /sbin/initctl && cp -a /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d /sbin/initctl && sed -i 's/^exit.*/exit 0/' /sbin/initctl && echo 'force-unsafe-io' > /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/docker-apt-speedup && echo 'DPkg::Post-Invoke { "rm -f /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/*.deb /var/cache/apt/*.bin || true"; };' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-clean && echo 'APT::Update::Post-Invoke { "rm -f /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/*.deb /var/cache/apt/*.bin || true"; };' >> /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-clean && echo 'Dir::Cache::pkgcache ""; Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache "";' >> /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-clean && echo 'Acquire::Languages "none";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-no-languages && echo 'Acquire::GzipIndexes "true"; Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order:: "gz";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-gzip-indexes 701 B
afa7a164a0d215dbf45cd1aadad2a4d12b8e33fc890064568cc2ea6d42ef9b3c 8 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:57f97478006b988c0c68e5bf82684372e427fd45f21cd7baf5d974d2cfb29e65 in / 131.5 MB
511136ea3c5a64f264b78b5433614aec563103b4d4702f3ba7d4d2698e22c158 23 months ago 0 B
You can get information about which volumes were specifically baked into the container by inspecting the container and looking in the JSON output and comparing a couple of the fields. When you run docker inspect myContainer, the Volumes and VolumesRW fields give you information about ALL of the volumes mounted inside a container, including volumes mounted in both the Dockerfile with the VOLUME directive, and on the command line with the docker run -v command. However, you can isolate which volumes were mounted in the container using the docker run -v command by checking for the HostConfig.Binds field in the docker inspect JSON output. To clarify, this HostConfig.Binds field tells you which volumes were mounted specifically in your docker run command with the -v option. So if you cross-reference this field with the Volumes field, you will be able to determine which volumes were baked into the container using VOLUME directives in the Dockerfile.
grep可以像这样完成:
$ docker inspect myContainer | grep -C2 Binds
...
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": [
"/var/docker/docker-registry/config:/registry"
],
和…
$ docker inspect myContainer | grep -C3 -e "Volumes\":"
...
"Volumes": {
"/data": "/var/lib/docker...",
"/config": "/var/lib/docker...",
"/registry": "/var/docker/docker-registry/config"
在我的例子中，你可以看到我使用docker run命令中的-v选项将/var/docker/docker-registry/config挂载到容器中作为/registry，并且我使用Dockerfile中的VOLUME指令挂载了/data和/config卷。容器不需要运行来获取这些信息，但它需要至少运行一次才能填充docker inspect命令的HostConfig JSON输出。
在docker 1.10中，现在有了用于数据量容器的新命令。 (对于常规容器，请参见下一节，对于docker 1.8+):
Docker卷ls 码头容积检查
在docker 1.8.1(2015年8月)中，docker inspect -f '{{.Volumes}}' containerid将为空!
你现在需要检查Mounts，这是一个挂载路径列表，比如:
"Mounts": [
{
"Name": "7ced22ebb63b78823f71cf33f9a7e1915abe4595fcd4f067084f7c4e8cc1afa2",
"Source": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/volumes/7ced22ebb63b78823f71cf33f9a7e1915abe4595fcd4f067084f7c4e8cc1afa2/_data",
"Destination": "/home/git/repositories",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true
}
],
如果你想要第一个挂载的路径(例如)，这将是(使用索引0):
docker inspect -f '{{ (index .Mounts 0).Source }}' containerid
Mike Mitterer在下面评论道:
漂亮的打印整件事:
docker inspect -f '{{ json .Mounts }}' containerid | python -m json.tool
或者，正如Mitja所评论的那样，使用jq命令。
docker inspect -f '{{ json .Mounts }}' containerid | jq
对于Docker 1.8，我使用:
$ docker inspect -f "{{ .Config.Volumes }}" 957d2dd1d4e8
map[/xmount/dvol.01:{}]
$
显示容器使用的卷的名称和挂载点目的地:
docker container inspect \
-f '{{ range .Mounts }}{{ .Name }}:{{ .Destination }} {{ end }}' \
CONTAINER_ID_OR_NAME
这与Docker 1.13兼容。
下面是一行命令来获取正在运行的容器的卷信息:
for contId in `docker ps -q`; do echo "Container Name: " `docker ps -f "id=$contId" | awk '{print $NF}' | grep -v NAMES`; echo "Container Volume: " `docker inspect -f '{{.Config.Volumes}}' $contId`; docker inspect -f '{{ json .Mounts }}' $contId | jq '.[]'; printf "\n"; done
输出是:
root@ubuntu:/var/lib# for contId in `docker ps -q`; do echo "Container Name: " `docker ps -f "id=$contId" | awk '{print $NF}' | grep -v NAMES`; echo "Container Volume: " `docker inspect -f '{{.Config.Volumes}}' $contId`; docker inspect -f '{{ json .Mounts }}' $contId | jq '.[]'; printf "\n"; done
Container Name: freeradius
Container Volume: map[]
Container Name: postgresql
Container Volume: map[/run/postgresql:{} /var/lib/postgresql:{}]
{
"Propagation": "",
"RW": true,
"Mode": "",
"Driver": "local",
"Destination": "/run/postgresql",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/83653a53315c693f0f31629f4680c56dfbf861c7ca7c5119e695f6f80ec29567/_data",
"Name": "83653a53315c693f0f31629f4680c56dfbf861c7ca7c5119e695f6f80ec29567"
}
{
"Propagation": "rprivate",
"RW": true,
"Mode": "",
"Destination": "/var/lib/postgresql",
"Source": "/srv/docker/postgresql"
}
Container Name: rabbitmq
Container Volume: map[]
码头工人版本:
root@ubuntu:~# docker version
Client:
Version: 1.12.3
API version: 1.24
Go version: go1.6.3
Git commit: 6b644ec
Built: Wed Oct 26 21:44:32 2016
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Server:
Version: 1.12.3
API version: 1.24
Go version: go1.6.3
Git commit: 6b644ec
Built: Wed Oct 26 21:44:32 2016
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
这是我的版本，找到一个码头撰写挂载点。 在使用此备份卷时。
# for Id in $(docker-compose -f ~/ida/ida.yml ps -q); do docker inspect -f '{{ (index .Mounts 0).Source }}' $Id; done
/data/volumes/ida_odoo-db-data/_data
/data/volumes/ida_odoo-web-data/_data
这是以前解决方案的组合。
对docker-compose用户有用的变体:
docker-compose ps -q | xargs docker container inspect \
-f '{{ range .Mounts }}{{ .Name }}:{{ .Destination }} {{ end }}'
这将非常整洁地输出可解析的音量信息。例子来自我的wordpress docker-compose:
ubuntu@core $ docker-compose ps -q | xargs docker container inspect -f '{{ range .Mounts }}{{ .Name }}:{{ .Destination }} {{ end }}'
core_wpdb:/var/lib/mysql
core_wpcode:/code core_wphtml:/var/www/html
每个容器的输出都包含一行，列出了使用的卷(和挂载点)。修改{{. name}}:{{. destination}}部分来输出你想要的信息。
如果您只想要一个简单的卷列表，则每行一个
$ docker-compose ps -q | xargs docker container inspect \
-f '{{ range .Mounts }}{{ .Name }} {{ end }}' \
| xargs -n 1 echo
core_wpdb
core_wpcode
core_wphtml
Great to generate a list of volumes to backup. I use this technique along with Blacklabelops Volumerize to backup all volumes used by all containers within a docker-compose. The docs for Volumerize don't call it out, but you don't need to use it in a persistent container or to use the built-in facilities for starting and stopping services. I prefer to leave critical operations such as backup and service control to the actual user (outside docker). My backups are triggered by the actual (non-docker) user account, and use docker-compose stop to stop services, backup all volumes in use, and finally docker-compose start to restart.
如果你想列出所有的容器名称和每个容器的相关卷，你可以尝试这样做:
docker ps -q | xargs docker container inspect -f '{{ .Name }} {{ .HostConfig.Binds }}'
示例输出:
/ opt_rundeck_1 [/ opt / var /李勃/ mysql: / var /李勃/ mysql: rw / var /李勃/ rundeck / var /储存:/ var /李勃/ rundeck / var /储存:rw / opt / var / rundeck / .ssh: / var /李勃/ rundeck / .ssh: rw / etc / / opt / etc / rundeck: rundeck: rw / var / log / rundeck: / var / log / rundeck: rw / opt / rundeck-plugins: / opt / rundeck-plugins: rw / opt / var / rundeck: / var / rundeck: rw]
/ opt_r十一k_1 -容器名称
(. .-附在容器上的卷
如果您正在使用pwsh (powershell核心)，可以尝试一下
(docker ps --format='{{json .}}' | ConvertFrom-Json).Mounts
你也可以看到下面的容器名称和装载
docker ps --format='{{json .}}' | ConvertFrom-Json | select Names,Mounts
当输出被转换为json时，您可以获得它所具有的任何属性。
我在谷歌上搜了一下，找到了我自己的答案:)我最近的记忆力……对于那些不了解它的人来说，commandlinefu是一个找到并发布这些代码片段的好地方。
按容器列出docker卷。
docker ps -a --format '{{ .ID }}' | xargs -I {} docker inspect -f '{{ .Name }}{{ printf "\n" }}{{ range .Mounts }}{{ printf "\n\t" }}{{ .Type }} {{ if eq .Type "bind" }}{{ .Source }}{{ end }}{{ .Name }} => {{ .Destination }}{{ end }}{{ printf "\n" }}' {}
示例输出。
root@jac007-truserv-jhb1-001 ~/gitlab $ docker ps -a --format '{{ .ID }}' | xargs -I {} docker inspect -f '{{ .Name }}{{ printf "\n" }}{{ range .Mounts }}{{ printf "\n\t" }}{{ .Type }} {{ if eq .Type "bind" }}{{ .Source }}{{ end }}{{ .Name }} => {{ .Destination }}{{ end }}{{ printf "\n" }}' {}
/gitlab_server_1
volume gitlab-data => /var/opt/gitlab
volume gitlab-config => /etc/gitlab
volume gitlab-logs => /var/log/gitlab
/gitlab_runner_1
bind /var/run/docker.sock => /var/run/docker.sock
volume gitlab-runner-config => /etc/gitlab-runner
volume 35b5ea874432f55a26c769e1cdb1ee3f06f78759e6f302e3c4b4aa40f3a495aa => /home/gitlab-runner
我们可以不使用-f Go模板语法:
docker inspect <CONTAINER_ID> | jq .[].Mounts
第一个jq操作jq .[]将对象{}包装器剥离。
第二个jq操作将返回所有Mount项。
从Docker文档这里
.Mounts Names of the volumes mounted in this container.
码头工人ps————no-trunc格式”{{.ID}} {{. name}} \ \ t t {{.Mounts}}”
应该工作
使用Type:Source:Destination格式打印挂载:
docker container inspect \
-f '{{range .Mounts}}{{.Type}}:{{.Source}}:{{.Destination}}{{println}}{{ end }}' \
<containerId>
只打印Type="volume"的mount的Source:
docker container inspect \
-f '{{range .Mounts}}{{ if eq .Type "volume" }}{{println .Source }}{{ end }}{{end}}' \
<containerId>
在docker版本>= 1.8上使用单引号
docker inspect -f '{{ .Mounts }}' containerid
导致以下错误-
Template parsing error: template: :1: unclosed action
用双引号代替-
docker inspect -f "{{ .Mounts }}" <contained-id>
打印所有容器及其Docker卷:
docker container inspect $(docker container ls -q) \
-f '{{$container := .Name}}{{range .Mounts}}{{if eq .Type "volume"}}{{$container}} {{.Name}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}{{end}}' \
| grep -v '^$'
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