使用类型class和as语句

try:#code
except Exception as e:
     m=type(e)
     #m is the class of the exception
     strm=str(m)
     #strm is the string of m

实际的异常可以通过以下方式捕获:

try:
    i = 1/0
except Exception as e:
    print e

您可以从Python教程中了解有关异常的更多信息。

使用类型class和as语句

try:#code
except Exception as e:
     m=type(e)
     #m is the class of the exception
     strm=str(m)
     #strm is the string of m

只要避免捕获异常，Python打印的回溯就会告诉你发生了什么异常。

获取异常对象所属类的名称:

e.__class__.__name__

使用print_exc()函数也将打印堆栈跟踪，这是任何错误消息的基本信息。

是这样的:

from traceback import print_exc

class CustomException(Exception): pass

try:
    raise CustomException("hi")
except Exception as e:
    print ('type is:', e.__class__.__name__)
    print_exc()
    # print("exception happened!")

你会得到这样的输出:

type is: CustomException
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "exc.py", line 7, in <module>
    raise CustomException("hi")
CustomException: hi

在打印和分析之后，代码可以决定不处理异常，只执行raise:

from traceback import print_exc

class CustomException(Exception): pass

def calculate():
    raise CustomException("hi")

try:
    calculate()
except CustomException as e:
    # here do some extra steps in case of CustomException
    print('custom logic doing cleanup and more')
    # then re raise same exception
    raise

输出:

custom logic doing cleanup and more

和解释器打印异常:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 9, in <module>
    calculate()
  File "test.py", line 6, in calculate
    raise CustomException("hi")
__main__.CustomException: hi

引发后，原始异常继续向上传播调用堆栈。(注意可能的陷阱)如果你引发新的异常，它会携带新的(更短的)堆栈跟踪。

from traceback import print_exc

class CustomException(Exception):
    def __init__(self, ok):
        self.ok = ok

def calculate():
    raise CustomException(False)

try:
    calculate()
except CustomException as e:
    if not e.ok:
        # Always use `raise` to rethrow exception
        # following is usually mistake, but here we want to stress this point
        raise CustomException(e.ok)
    print("handling exception")

输出:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 13, in <module>
    raise CustomException(e.message)
__main__.CustomException: hi    

注意traceback如何不包括第9行中的compute()函数，这是原始异常e的起源。

你可以像Lauritz推荐的那样开始:

except Exception as ex:

然后像这样打印ex:

try:
    #your try code here
except Exception as ex:
    print ex