我一直在使用ES6 Promise。

通常,Promise是这样构造和使用的

new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
    if (someCondition){
        resolve();
    } else {
        reject();
    } 
});

但我一直在做下面这样的事情,为了灵活起见,把决心放在外面。

var outsideResolve;
var outsideReject;
new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { 
    outsideResolve = resolve; 
    outsideReject = reject; 
});

后来

onClick = function(){
    outsideResolve();
}

这很好,但是否有更简单的方法来做到这一点?如果不是,这是一个好的实践吗?


当前回答

您可以将Promise包装在一个类中。

class Deferred {
    constructor(handler) {
        this.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
            this.reject = reject;
            this.resolve = resolve;
            handler(resolve, reject);
        });

        this.promise.resolve = this.resolve;
        this.promise.reject = this.reject;

        return this.promise;
    }
    promise;
    resolve;
    reject;
}

// How to use.
const promise = new Deferred((resolve, reject) => {
  // Use like normal Promise.
});

promise.resolve(); // Resolve from any context.

其他回答

我们的解决方案是使用闭包来存储解析/拒绝函数,并附加一个函数来扩展承诺本身。

模式如下:

function getPromise() {

    var _resolve, _reject;

    var promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        _reject = reject;
        _resolve = resolve;
    });

    promise.resolve_ex = (value) => {
       _resolve(value);
    };

    promise.reject_ex = (value) => {
       _reject(value);
    };

    return promise;
}

使用它:

var promise = getPromise();

promise.then(value => {
    console.info('The promise has been fulfilled: ' + value);
});

promise.resolve_ex('hello');  
// or the reject version 
//promise.reject_ex('goodbye');

我喜欢@JonJaques的回答,但我想更进一步。

如果你绑定并捕获Deferred对象,那么它完全实现了Promise API,你可以将它视为Promise并等待它等等。

⚠️ Editor's Note: I don't recommend this kind of pattern anymore since at the time of writing, Promise.prototype.finally was not a thing yet, then it became a thing… This could happen to other methods so I recommend you augment the promise instance with resolve and reject functions instead: function createDeferredPromise() { let resolve let reject const promise = new Promise((thisResolve, thisReject) => { resolve = thisResolve reject = thisReject }) return Object.assign(promise, {resolve, reject}) } Go upvote someone else's answer.

class DeferredPromise { constructor() { this._promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { // assign the resolve and reject functions to `this` // making them usable on the class instance this.resolve = resolve; this.reject = reject; }); // bind `then` and `catch` to implement the same interface as Promise this.then = this._promise.then.bind(this._promise); this.catch = this._promise.catch.bind(this._promise); this.finally = this._promise.finally.bind(this._promise); this[Symbol.toStringTag] = 'Promise'; } } const deferred = new DeferredPromise(); console.log('waiting 2 seconds...'); setTimeout(() => { deferred.resolve('whoa!'); }, 2000); async function someAsyncFunction() { const value = await deferred; console.log(value); } someAsyncFunction();

感谢每个在这篇文章中发帖的人。我创建了一个模块,其中包括前面描述的Defer()对象以及在其上构建的其他一些对象。它们都利用Promise和简洁的Promise回调语法在程序中实现通信/事件处理。

延迟:可以远程解决失败的承诺(在承诺体之外) 延迟:在给定时间后自动解决的承诺 TimeOut:承诺在给定时间后自动失败。 循环:使用promise语法管理事件的可重新触发承诺 队列:基于承诺链的执行队列。

Rp = require("openpromise")

https://github.com/CABrouwers/openpromise https://www.npmjs.com/package/openpromise

我正在使用一个辅助函数来创建我所谓的“扁平承诺”-

function flatPromise() {

    let resolve, reject;

    const promise = new Promise((res, rej) => {
      resolve = res;
      reject = rej;
    });

    return { promise, resolve, reject };
}

我是这样用的

function doSomethingAsync() {

    // Get your promise and callbacks
    const { resolve, reject, promise } = flatPromise();

    // Do something amazing...
    setTimeout(() => {
        resolve('done!');
    }, 500);

    // Pass your promise to the world
    return promise;

}

参见完整的工作示例-

function flatPromise() { let resolve, reject; const promise = new Promise((res, rej) => { resolve = res; reject = rej; }); return { promise, resolve, reject }; } function doSomethingAsync() { // Get your promise and callbacks const { resolve, reject, promise } = flatPromise(); // Do something amazing... setTimeout(() => { resolve('done!'); }, 500); // Pass your promise to the world return promise; } (async function run() { const result = await doSomethingAsync() .catch(err => console.error('rejected with', err)); console.log(result); })();

编辑: 我已经创建了一个名为flat-promise的NPM包,代码也可以在GitHub上获得。

类版本,在Typescript中:

export class Deferred<T> {
    public readonly promise: Promise<T>
    private resolveFn!: (value: T | PromiseLike<T>) => void
    private rejectFn!: (reason?: any) => void

    public constructor() {
        this.promise = new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
            this.resolveFn = resolve
            this.rejectFn = reject
        })
    }

    public reject(reason?: any): void {
        this.rejectFn(reason)
    }

    public resolve(param: T): void {
        this.resolveFn(param)
    }
}