如果(像我一样)你不喜欢增强本地实例，也不笨重”。承诺“属性……但是如果你喜欢代理和破坏类，那么这个是给你的:

class GroovyPromise {
  constructor() {
    return new Proxy(new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      this.resolve = resolve;
      this.reject = reject;
    }), {
      get: (target, prop) =>
        this[prop] || target[prop].bind(target),
    });
  }
}

这样用:

const groovypromise = new GroovyPromise();
setTimeout(() => groovypromise.resolve('groovy'), 1000);
console.log(await groovypromise);

当然，你也可以将类重命名为“Deferred”

我喜欢@JonJaques的回答，但我想更进一步。

如果你绑定并捕获Deferred对象，那么它完全实现了Promise API，你可以将它视为Promise并等待它等等。

⚠️ Editor's Note: I don't recommend this kind of pattern anymore since at the time of writing, Promise.prototype.finally was not a thing yet, then it became a thing… This could happen to other methods so I recommend you augment the promise instance with resolve and reject functions instead: function createDeferredPromise() { let resolve let reject const promise = new Promise((thisResolve, thisReject) => { resolve = thisResolve reject = thisReject }) return Object.assign(promise, {resolve, reject}) } Go upvote someone else's answer.

class DeferredPromise { constructor() { this._promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { // assign the resolve and reject functions to `this` // making them usable on the class instance this.resolve = resolve; this.reject = reject; }); // bind `then` and `catch` to implement the same interface as Promise this.then = this._promise.then.bind(this._promise); this.catch = this._promise.catch.bind(this._promise); this.finally = this._promise.finally.bind(this._promise); this[Symbol.toStringTag] = 'Promise'; } } const deferred = new DeferredPromise(); console.log('waiting 2 seconds...'); setTimeout(() => { deferred.resolve('whoa!'); }, 2000); async function someAsyncFunction() { const value = await deferred; console.log(value); } someAsyncFunction();

我已经整理了一个完成这项工作的要点:https://gist.github.com/thiagoh/c24310b562d50a14f3e7602a82b4ef13

以下是你应该如何使用它:

import ExternalizedPromiseCreator from '../externalized-promise';

describe('ExternalizedPromise', () => {
  let fn: jest.Mock;
  let deferredFn: jest.Mock;
  let neverCalledFn: jest.Mock;
  beforeEach(() => {
    fn = jest.fn();
    deferredFn = jest.fn();
    neverCalledFn = jest.fn();
  });

  it('resolve should resolve the promise', done => {
    const externalizedPromise = ExternalizedPromiseCreator.create(() => fn());

    externalizedPromise
      .promise
      .then(() => deferredFn())
      .catch(() => neverCalledFn())
      .then(() => {
        expect(deferredFn).toHaveBeenCalled();
        expect(neverCalledFn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
        done();
      });

    expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalled();
    expect(neverCalledFn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
    expect(deferredFn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();

    externalizedPromise.resolve();
  });
  ...
});

以防有人来找简化这个任务的util的typescript版本:

export const deferred = <T>() => {
  let resolve!: (value: T | PromiseLike<T>) => void;
  let reject!: (reason?: any) => void;
  const promise = new Promise<T>((res, rej) => {
    resolve = res;
    reject = rej;
  });

  return {
    resolve,
    reject,
    promise,
  };
};

这可以用在。如:

const {promise, resolve} = deferred<string>();

promise.then((value) => console.log(value)); // nothing

resolve('foo'); // console.log: foo

我想分享一些不同的东西，这是这个话题的延伸。

有时，您希望“任务承诺”在解析时自动在相同的地址(属性或变量)重新创建。可以创建一个外部解析器来完成这个任务。

一个带有外部解析器的重复承诺的例子。无论何时调用解析器，都会在相同的地址/变量/属性处创建一个新的承诺。

let resolvePromise;
let thePromise;

const setPromise = (resolve) => {
  resolvePromise = () => {
    resolve();
    thePromise = new Promise(setPromise);   
  }
}
thePromise = new Promise(setPromise);

(async () => {
  let i = 0;
  while (true) {
    let msg = (i % 2 === 0) ? 'Tick' : 'Tock';
    document.body.innerHTML = msg;
    setTimeout(resolvePromise, 1000);
    await thePromise;
    i++;
  }
})();

https://jsfiddle.net/h3zvw5xr

我在2015年为我的框架提出了一个解决方案。我把这种类型的承诺称为任务

function createPromise(handler){
  var resolve, reject;

  var promise = new Promise(function(_resolve, _reject){
    resolve = _resolve; 
    reject = _reject;
    if(handler) handler(resolve, reject);
  })
  
  promise.resolve = resolve;
  promise.reject = reject;
  return promise;
}


// create
var promise = createPromise()
promise.then(function(data){ alert(data) })

// resolve from outside
promise.resolve(200)