我正在使用一个辅助函数来创建我所谓的“扁平承诺”-

function flatPromise() {

    let resolve, reject;

    const promise = new Promise((res, rej) => {
      resolve = res;
      reject = rej;
    });

    return { promise, resolve, reject };
}

我是这样用的

function doSomethingAsync() {

    // Get your promise and callbacks
    const { resolve, reject, promise } = flatPromise();

    // Do something amazing...
    setTimeout(() => {
        resolve('done!');
    }, 500);

    // Pass your promise to the world
    return promise;

}

参见完整的工作示例-

function flatPromise() { let resolve, reject; const promise = new Promise((res, rej) => { resolve = res; reject = rej; }); return { promise, resolve, reject }; } function doSomethingAsync() { // Get your promise and callbacks const { resolve, reject, promise } = flatPromise(); // Do something amazing... setTimeout(() => { resolve('done!'); }, 500); // Pass your promise to the world return promise; } (async function run() { const result = await doSomethingAsync() .catch(err => console.error('rejected with', err)); console.log(result); })();

编辑: 我已经创建了一个名为flat-promise的NPM包，代码也可以在GitHub上获得。

类版本，在Typescript中:

export class Deferred<T> {
    public readonly promise: Promise<T>
    private resolveFn!: (value: T | PromiseLike<T>) => void
    private rejectFn!: (reason?: any) => void

    public constructor() {
        this.promise = new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
            this.resolveFn = resolve
            this.rejectFn = reject
        })
    }

    public reject(reason?: any): void {
        this.rejectFn(reason)
    }

    public resolve(param: T): void {
        this.resolveFn(param)
    }
}

我为此写了一个小库。https://www.npmjs.com/package/@inf3rno/promise.exposed

我使用了别人写的工厂方法，但是我也重写了then, catch, finally方法，所以你也可以通过这些方法解决原来的承诺。

在没有外部执行人的情况下解决承诺:

const promise = Promise.exposed().then(console.log);
promise.resolve("This should show up in the console.");

从外部与执行器的setTimeout赛跑:

const promise = Promise.exposed(function (resolve, reject){
    setTimeout(function (){
        resolve("I almost fell asleep.")
    }, 100000);
}).then(console.log);

setTimeout(function (){
    promise.resolve("I don't want to wait that much.");
}, 100);

如果你不想污染全局命名空间，有一个无冲突模式:

const createExposedPromise = require("@inf3rno/promise.exposed/noConflict");
const promise = createExposedPromise().then(console.log);
promise.resolve("This should show up in the console.");

如何创建一个函数劫持拒绝并返回它?

function createRejectablePromise(handler) {
  let _reject;

  const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    _reject = reject;

    handler(resolve, reject);
  })

  promise.reject = _reject;
  return promise;
}

// Usage
const { reject } = createRejectablePromise((resolve) => {
  setTimeout(() => {
    console.log('resolved')
    resolve();
  }, 2000)

});

reject();

有点晚了，但另一种方法是使用Deferred对象。你基本上有相同数量的样板文件，但是如果你想要传递它们并且可能在它们的定义之外解析，这很方便。

天真的实现:

class Deferred {
  constructor() {
    this.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject)=> {
      this.reject = reject
      this.resolve = resolve
    })
  }
}

function asyncAction() {
  var dfd = new Deferred()

  setTimeout(()=> {
    dfd.resolve(42)
  }, 500)

  return dfd.promise
}

asyncAction().then(result => {
  console.log(result) // 42
})

ES5版本:

function Deferred() {
  var self = this;
  this.promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
    self.reject = reject
    self.resolve = resolve
  })
}

function asyncAction() {
  var dfd = new Deferred()

  setTimeout(function() {
    dfd.resolve(42)
  }, 500)

  return dfd.promise
}

asyncAction().then(function(result) {
  console.log(result) // 42
})

只是另一种从外部解决承诺的方法

 class Lock {
        #lock;  // Promise to be resolved (on  release)
        release;  // Release lock
        id;  // Id of lock
        constructor(id) {
            this.id = id
            this.#lock = new Promise((resolve) => {
                this.release = () => {
                    if (resolve) {
                        resolve()
                    } else {
                        Promise.resolve()
                    }
                }
            })
        }
        get() { return this.#lock }
    }

使用

let lock = new Lock(... some id ...);
...
lock.get().then(()=>{console.log('resolved/released')})
lock.release()  // Excpected 'resolved/released'