总结:

FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT="$(realpath "${BASH_SOURCE[-1]}")"

# OR, if you do NOT need it to work for **sourced** scripts too:
# FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT="$(realpath "$0")"

# OR, depending on which path you want, in case of nested `source` calls
# FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT="$(realpath "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")"

# OR, add `-s` to NOT expand symlinks in the path:
# FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT="$(realpath -s "${BASH_SOURCE[-1]}")"

SCRIPT_DIRECTORY="$(dirname "$FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT")"
SCRIPT_FILENAME="$(basename "$FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT")"

细节:

在很多情况下,所有你需要获得的是你刚刚打电话的脚本的完整路径. 这可以很容易地通过 realpath 实现. 请注意, realpath 是 GNU 核心工具的一部分. 如果你没有它已经安装(它是默认的在 Ubuntu 上),你可以安装它与 sudo apt 更新 && sudo apt 安装核心工具。

#!/bin/bash

# A. Obtain the full path, and expand (walk down) symbolic links
# A.1. `"$0"` works only if the file is **run**, but NOT if it is **sourced**.
# FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT="$(realpath "$0")"
# A.2. `"${BASH_SOURCE[-1]}"` works whether the file is sourced OR run, and even
# if the script is called from within another bash function!
# NB: if `"${BASH_SOURCE[-1]}"` doesn't give you quite what you want, use
# `"${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"` instead in order to get the first element from the array.
FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT="$(realpath "${BASH_SOURCE[-1]}")"
# B.1. `"$0"` works only if the file is **run**, but NOT if it is **sourced**.
# FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT_KEEP_SYMLINKS="$(realpath -s "$0")"
# B.2. `"${BASH_SOURCE[-1]}"` works whether the file is sourced OR run, and even
# if the script is called from within another bash function!
# NB: if `"${BASH_SOURCE[-1]}"` doesn't give you quite what you want, use
# `"${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"` instead in order to get the first element from the array.
FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT_KEEP_SYMLINKS="$(realpath -s "${BASH_SOURCE[-1]}")"

# You can then also get the full path to the directory, and the base
# filename, like this:
SCRIPT_DIRECTORY="$(dirname "$FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT")"
SCRIPT_FILENAME="$(basename "$FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT")"

# Now print it all out
echo "FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT = \"$FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT\""
echo "SCRIPT_DIRECTORY    = \"$SCRIPT_DIRECTORY\""
echo "SCRIPT_FILENAME     = \"$SCRIPT_FILENAME\""

如果您在脚本中使用“$0”而不是“${BASH_SOURCE[-1]}”,则在运行脚本时,您将获得相同的输出,而不是在提取脚本时,您将获得此不需要的输出:

~/GS/dev/eRCaGuy_hello_world/bash$ . get_script_path.sh 
FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT               = "/bin/bash"
SCRIPT_DIRECTORY                  = "/bin"
SCRIPT_FILENAME                   = "bash"

路径与路径之间的区别:

请注意,直路也成功地走下象征性链接来确定并指向他们的目标,而不是指向象征性链接。 如果你不想要这种行为(有时我不),然后添加到上面的直路命令,使该线看起来像这样:

# Obtain the full path, but do NOT expand (walk down) symbolic links; in
# other words: **keep** the symlinks as part of the path!
FULL_PATH_TO_SCRIPT="$(realpath -s "${BASH_SOURCE[-1]}")"

参考:

[我的答案] Unix 和 Linux:确定路径到源头 Shell 脚本

使用“0”字母:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

echo "The script you are running has basename $( basename -- "$0"; ), dirname $( dirname -- "$0"; )";
echo "The present working directory is $( pwd; )";

使用 pwd 单独不会工作,如果您不从它包含的目录中运行脚本。

[matt@server1 ~]$ pwd
/home/matt
[matt@server1 ~]$ ./test2.sh
The script you are running has basename test2.sh, dirname .
The present working directory is /home/matt
[matt@server1 ~]$ cd /tmp
[matt@server1 tmp]$ ~/test2.sh
The script you are running has basename test2.sh, dirname /home/matt
The present working directory is /tmp

以下是获取脚本信息的简短方式:

文件和文件:

    Script: "/tmp/src dir/test.sh"
    Calling folder: "/tmp/src dir/other"

使用这些命令:

    echo Script-Dir : `dirname "$(realpath $0)"`
    echo Script-Dir : $( cd ${0%/*} && pwd -P )
    echo Script-Dir : $(dirname "$(readlink -f "$0")")
    echo
    echo Script-Name : `basename "$(realpath $0)"`
    echo Script-Name : `basename $0`
    echo
    echo Script-Dir-Relative : `dirname "$BASH_SOURCE"`
    echo Script-Dir-Relative : `dirname $0`
    echo
    echo Calling-Dir : `pwd`

我得到了这个结果:

     Script-Dir : /tmp/src dir
     Script-Dir : /tmp/src dir
     Script-Dir : /tmp/src dir

     Script-Name : test.sh
     Script-Name : test.sh

     Script-Dir-Relative : ..
     Script-Dir-Relative : ..

     Calling-Dir : /tmp/src dir/other

此分類上一篇: https://pastebin.com/J8KjxrPF

您可以使用 $BASH_SOURCE:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

scriptdir="$( dirname -- "$BASH_SOURCE"; )";

请注意,您需要使用 #!/bin/bash 而不是 #!/bin/sh 因为它是一个 Bash 扩展。

在完整的披露中,......(我找到了这个使者的变量部分)以及在Rich’s sh的技巧中,我也在我自己的答案的披露下披露了他的页面的相关部分。

具体的:

雖然不是嚴格 POSIX 到目前為止, realpath 是一個 GNU 核心應用程式自 2012 年 全公開:我從未聽到它之前,我注意到它在 info coreutils TOC 和立即思考 [連結] 問題,但使用下列功能,如顯示應該可靠,(現在 POSIXLY?),我希望,有效地提供其呼叫者一個絕對來源的 $0:

% _abs_0() {
> o1="${1%%/*}"; ${o1:="${1}"}; ${o1:=`realpath -s "${1}"`}; eval "$1=\${o1}";
> }
% _abs_0 ${abs0:="${0}"} ; printf %s\\n "${abs0}"
/no/more/dots/in/your/path2.sh

另一方面,你可以这样做:

ps ww -fp $$ | grep -Eo '/[^:]*'"${0#*/}"

eval "abs0=${`ps ww -fp $$ | grep -Eo ' /'`#?}"

试试这:

func () {
body here
eval "$1=\${foo}"
}

foo='hello ; rm -rf /'
dest=bar
eval "$dest=$foo"

当然,下面的版本是完全安全的:

foo='hello ; rm -rf /'
dest=bar
eval "$dest=\$foo"

我不认为这是像其他人这样容易的。 pwd 不工作,因为当前的目录不一定是与脚本的目录。 $0 不总是有信息。

./script

/usr/bin/script

script

在第一和第三方式 $0 没有完整的路径信息. 在第二和第三, pwd 不工作. 唯一的方式来获得目录的第三方式将是通过路径运行并找到文件与正确的匹配。

做你正在要求的一种方式,就是在 /usr/share 目录中的数据硬编码,并将其引用到其完整的路径。