主干:在敏捷的每一个冲刺阶段结束后，我们会推出一个部分可交付的产品。这些释放物被保存在后备箱里。

分支:每个正在进行的冲刺的所有并行开发代码都保存在分支中。

标签:每次我们发布一个部分可发货的产品的测试版，我们都会为它做一个标签。这为我们提供了在那个时间点可用的代码，允许我们在开发过程中的某个时间点需要时回到那个状态。

当我在OpenCV 2计算机视觉应用编程烹饪书的作者的网站上查找时，我发现了这个关于SVN的很棒的教程，我想我应该分享一下。

他有一个关于如何使用SVN的教程，以及短语“trunk”、“tag”和“branch”的含义。

直接引用自他的教程:

The current version of your software project, on which your team is currently working is usually located under a directory called trunk. As the project evolves, the developer updates that version fix bugs, add new features) and submit his changes under that directory. At any given point in time, you may want to freeze a version and capture a snapshot of the software as it is at this stage of the development. This generally corresponds to the official versions of your software, for example, the ones you will deliver to your clients. These snapshots are located under the tags directory of your project. Finally, it is often useful to create, at some point, a new line of development for your software. This happens, for example, when you wish to test an alternative implementation in which you have to modify your software but you do not want to submit these changes to the main project until you decide if you adopt the new solution. The main team can then continue to work on the project while other developer work on the prototype. You would put these new lines of development of the project under a directory called branches.

One of the reasons why everyone has a slightly different definition is because Subversion implements zero support for branches and tags. Subversion basically says: We looked at full-featured branches and tags in other systems and did not found them useful, so we did not implement anything. Just make a copy into a new directory with a name convention instead. Then of course everyone is free to have slightly different conventions. To understand the difference between a real tag and a mere copy + naming convention see the Wikipedia entry Subversion tags & branches.

嗯，我不确定我同意尼克重新标签类似于一个分支。标签只是一个标记

Trunk would be the main body of development, originating from the start of the project until the present. Branch will be a copy of code derived from a certain point in the trunk that is used for applying major changes to the code while preserving the integrity of the code in the trunk. If the major changes work according to plan, they are usually merged back into the trunk. Tag will be a point in time on the trunk or a branch that you wish to preserve. The two main reasons for preservation would be that either this is a major release of the software, whether alpha, beta, RC or RTM, or this is the most stable point of the software before major revisions on the trunk were applied.

在开源项目中，不被项目涉众接受的主要分支可以成为分叉的基础——例如，与其他源代码共享共同起源的完全独立的项目。

分支和标记子树与主干的区别如下:

Subversion allows sysadmins to create hook scripts which are triggered for execution when certain events occur; for instance, committing a change to the repository. It is very common for a typical Subversion repository implementation to treat any path containing "/tag/" to be write-protected after creation; the net result is that tags, once created, are immutable (at least to "ordinary" users). This is done via the hook scripts, which enforce the immutability by preventing further changes if tag is a parent node of the changed object.

Subversion从1.5版开始还增加了与“分支合并跟踪”相关的特性，这样提交到分支的更改就可以合并回支持增量式“智能”合并的主干中。

中继目录可能是您最熟悉的目录，因为它用于保存最新的更改。你的主要代码库应该在trunk中。

分支目录用于保存分支，无论它们是什么。

标签目录主要用于标记一组特定的文件。您可以对发布版本这样做，其中您希望“1.0”是这些修订版本的这些文件，“1.1”是这些修订版本的这些文件。通常，标签制作完成后就不需要修改了。有关标签的更多信息，请参见第4章。分支和合并(在Subversion版本控制中)。

对于熟悉GIT的人来说，GIT中的master相当于SVN中的trunk。

分支和标记在GIT和SVN中有相同的术语。