我有一些测试数据,想为每个项目创建一个单元测试。我的第一个想法是这样做的:

import unittest

l = [["foo", "a", "a",], ["bar", "a", "b"], ["lee", "b", "b"]]

class TestSequence(unittest.TestCase):
    def testsample(self):
        for name, a,b in l:
            print "test", name
            self.assertEqual(a,b)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

这样做的缺点是它在一个测试中处理所有数据。我想在飞行中为每个项目生成一个测试。有什么建议吗?


当前回答

import unittest

def generator(test_class, a, b,c,d,name):
    def test(self):
        print('Testexecution=',name)
        print('a=',a)
        print('b=',b)
        print('c=',c)
        print('d=',d)

    return test

def add_test_methods(test_class):
    test_list = [[3,3,5,6, 'one'], [5,5,8,9, 'two'], [0,0,5,6, 'three'],[0,0,2,3,'Four']]
    for case in test_list:
        print('case=',case[0], case[1],case[2],case[3],case[4])
        test = generator(test_class, case[0], case[1],case[2],case[3],case[4])
        setattr(test_class, "test_%s" % case[4], test)


class TestAuto(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        print ('Setup')
        pass

    def tearDown(self):
        print ('TearDown')
        pass

add_test_methods(TestAuto)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main(verbosity=1)

其他回答

基于元类的答案在Python 3中仍然有效,但必须使用元类参数,而不是__metaclass__属性,例如:

class ExampleTestCase(TestCase,metaclass=DocTestMeta):
    pass

这可以通过使用pytest来完成。只需要编写test_me.py文件的内容:

import pytest

@pytest.mark.parametrize('name, left, right', [['foo', 'a', 'a'],
                                               ['bar', 'a', 'b'],
                                               ['baz', 'b', 'b']])
def test_me(name, left, right):
    assert left == right, name

并使用py命令运行测试。Test——tb=短test_me.py。然后输出如下所示:

=========================== test session starts ============================
platform darwin -- Python 2.7.6 -- py-1.4.23 -- pytest-2.6.1
collected 3 items

test_me.py .F.

================================= FAILURES =================================
_____________________________ test_me[bar-a-b] _____________________________
test_me.py:8: in test_me
    assert left == right, name
E   AssertionError: bar
==================== 1 failed, 2 passed in 0.01 seconds ====================

这很简单!此外,pytest还有更多的功能,如fixture、标记、断言等。

我在一种非常特殊的参数化测试风格上遇到了麻烦。我们所有的Selenium测试都可以在本地运行,但它们也应该能够在SauceLabs上的多个平台上远程运行。基本上,我想要使用大量已经编写好的测试用例,并用尽可能少的代码更改参数化它们。此外,我需要能够将参数传递到setUp方法中,这是我在其他地方没有看到的任何解决方案。

以下是我想到的:

import inspect
import types

test_platforms = [
    {'browserName': "internet explorer", 'platform': "Windows 7", 'version': "10.0"},
    {'browserName': "internet explorer", 'platform': "Windows 7", 'version': "11.0"},
    {'browserName': "firefox", 'platform': "Linux", 'version': "43.0"},
]


def sauce_labs():
    def wrapper(cls):
        return test_on_platforms(cls)
    return wrapper


def test_on_platforms(base_class):
    for name, function in inspect.getmembers(base_class, inspect.isfunction):
        if name.startswith('test_'):
            for platform in test_platforms:
                new_name = '_'.join(list([name, ''.join(platform['browserName'].title().split()), platform['version']]))
                new_function = types.FunctionType(function.__code__, function.__globals__, new_name,
                                                  function.__defaults__, function.__closure__)
                setattr(new_function, 'platform', platform)
                setattr(base_class, new_name, new_function)
            delattr(base_class, name)

    return base_class

With this, all I had to do was add a simple decorator @sauce_labs() to each regular old TestCase, and now when running them, they're wrapped up and rewritten, so that all the test methods are parameterized and renamed. LoginTests.test_login(self) runs as LoginTests.test_login_internet_explorer_10.0(self), LoginTests.test_login_internet_explorer_11.0(self), and LoginTests.test_login_firefox_43.0(self), and each one has the parameter self.platform to decide what browser/platform to run against, even in LoginTests.setUp, which is crucial for my task since that's where the connection to SauceLabs is initialized.

无论如何,我希望这对那些希望对他们的测试进行类似的“全局”参数化的人有所帮助!

load_tests是2.7中引入的一种鲜为人知的机制,用于动态创建TestSuite。有了它,您可以轻松地创建参数化测试。

例如:

import unittest

class GeneralTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    def __init__(self, methodName, param1=None, param2=None):
        super(GeneralTestCase, self).__init__(methodName)

        self.param1 = param1
        self.param2 = param2

    def runTest(self):
        pass  # Test that depends on param 1 and 2.


def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
    test_cases = unittest.TestSuite()
    for p1, p2 in [(1, 2), (3, 4)]:
        test_cases.addTest(GeneralTestCase('runTest', p1, p2))
    return test_cases

该代码将运行load_tests返回的测试套件中的所有测试用例。发现机制不会自动运行其他测试。

或者,您也可以使用此票据所示的继承:http://bugs.python.org/msg151444

这个解决方案适用于Python 2和Python 3的unittest和nose:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import unittest

def make_function(description, a, b):
    def ghost(self):
        self.assertEqual(a, b, description)
    print(description)
    ghost.__name__ = 'test_{0}'.format(description)
    return ghost


class TestsContainer(unittest.TestCase):
    pass

testsmap = {
    'foo': [1, 1],
    'bar': [1, 2],
    'baz': [5, 5]}

def generator():
    for name, params in testsmap.iteritems():
        test_func = make_function(name, params[0], params[1])
        setattr(TestsContainer, 'test_{0}'.format(name), test_func)

generator()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()