如何在Python中漂亮地打印深度为~4的字典?我尝试用pprint()进行漂亮的打印，但它不起作用:
import pprint
pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=4)
pp.pprint(mydict)
我只是想要一个缩进(“\t”)为每个嵌套，这样我就会得到这样的东西:
key1
value1
value2
key2
value1
value2
等。
我该怎么做呢?
当前回答
这是我在编写一个需要在.txt文件中编写字典的类时想到的:
@staticmethod
def _pretty_write_dict(dictionary):
def _nested(obj, level=1):
indentation_values = "\t" * level
indentation_braces = "\t" * (level - 1)
if isinstance(obj, dict):
return "{\n%(body)s%(indent_braces)s}" % {
"body": "".join("%(indent_values)s\'%(key)s\': %(value)s,\n" % {
"key": str(key),
"value": _nested(value, level + 1),
"indent_values": indentation_values
} for key, value in obj.items()),
"indent_braces": indentation_braces
}
if isinstance(obj, list):
return "[\n%(body)s\n%(indent_braces)s]" % {
"body": "".join("%(indent_values)s%(value)s,\n" % {
"value": _nested(value, level + 1),
"indent_values": indentation_values
} for value in obj),
"indent_braces": indentation_braces
}
else:
return "\'%(value)s\'" % {"value": str(obj)}
dict_text = _nested(dictionary)
return dict_text
现在，如果我们有一个这样的字典:
some_dict = {'default': {'ENGINE': [1, 2, 3, {'some_key': {'some_other_key': 'some_value'}}], 'NAME': 'some_db_name', 'PORT': '', 'HOST': 'localhost', 'USER': 'some_user_name', 'PASSWORD': 'some_password', 'OPTIONS': {'init_command': 'SET foreign_key_checks = 0;'}}}
我们这样做:
print(_pretty_write_dict(some_dict))
我们得到:
{
'default': {
'ENGINE': [
'1',
'2',
'3',
{
'some_key': {
'some_other_key': 'some_value',
},
},
],
'NAME': 'some_db_name',
'OPTIONS': {
'init_command': 'SET foreign_key_checks = 0;',
},
'HOST': 'localhost',
'USER': 'some_user_name',
'PASSWORD': 'some_password',
'PORT': '',
},
}
其他回答
我把sth的答案稍微修改一下，以适应我的嵌套字典和列表的需要:
def pretty(d, indent=0):
if isinstance(d, dict):
for key, value in d.iteritems():
print '\t' * indent + str(key)
if isinstance(value, dict) or isinstance(value, list):
pretty(value, indent+1)
else:
print '\t' * (indent+1) + str(value)
elif isinstance(d, list):
for item in d:
if isinstance(item, dict) or isinstance(item, list):
pretty(item, indent+1)
else:
print '\t' * (indent+1) + str(item)
else:
pass
然后输出如下:
>>>
xs:schema
@xmlns:xs
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema
xs:redefine
@schemaLocation
base.xsd
xs:complexType
@name
Extension
xs:complexContent
xs:restriction
@base
Extension
xs:sequence
xs:element
@name
Policy
@minOccurs
1
xs:complexType
xs:sequence
xs:element
...
你可以通过PyYAML尝试YAML。它的输出可以微调。我建议从以下开始:
print(yaml.dump(data, allow_unicode=True, default_flow_style=False))
结果非常易读;如果需要，还可以解析回Python。
编辑:
例子:
>>> import yaml
>>> data = {'a':2, 'b':{'x':3, 'y':{'t1': 4, 't2':5}}}
>>> print(yaml.dump(data, default_flow_style=False))
a: 2
b:
x: 3
y:
t1: 4
t2: 5
prettyformatter
免责声明:我是该软件包的作者。
有关与其他格式化程序的比较，请参阅其他格式化程序。
格式化
不像pprint。Pprint, prettyformatter更多地垂直传播，并尝试更多地对齐项目。
与json。转储，prettyformatter通常更紧凑，并尝试在合理的地方对齐字典值。
from prettyformatter import pprint
batters = [
{"id": "1001", "type": "Regular"},
{"id": "1002", "type": "Chocolate"},
{"id": "1003", "type": "Blueberry"},
{"id": "1004", "type": "Devil's Food"},
]
toppings = [
{"id": "5001", "type": None},
{"id": "5002", "type": "Glazed"},
{"id": "5005", "type": "Sugar"},
{"id": "5007", "type": "Powdered Sugar"},
{"id": "5006", "type": "Chocolate with Sprinkles"},
{"id": "5003", "type": "Chocolate"},
{"id": "5004", "type": "Maple"},
]
data = {"id": "0001", "type": "donut", "name": "Cake", "ppu": 0.55, "batters": batters, "topping": toppings}
pprint(data)
输出:
{
"id" : "0001",
"type" : "donut",
"name" : "Cake",
"ppu" : 0.55,
"batters":
[
{"id": "1001", "type": "Regular"},
{"id": "1002", "type": "Chocolate"},
{"id": "1003", "type": "Blueberry"},
{"id": "1004", "type": "Devil's Food"},
],
"topping":
[
{"id": "5001", "type": None},
{"id": "5002", "type": "Glazed"},
{"id": "5005", "type": "Sugar"},
{"id": "5007", "type": "Powdered Sugar"},
{"id": "5006", "type": "Chocolate with Sprinkles"},
{"id": "5003", "type": "Chocolate"},
{"id": "5004", "type": "Maple"},
],
}
特性
请在这里查看完整的文档。
JSON
不像pprint。pprint, prettyformatter通过JSON =True参数支持JSON转换。这包括将None更改为null, True更改为True, False更改为False，以及正确使用引号。
与json。转储，prettyformatter支持更多数据类型的JSON强制。这包括将任何数据类或映射更改为字典，将任何可迭代对象更改为列表。
from dataclasses import dataclass
from prettyformatter import PrettyDataclass, pprint
@dataclass(unsafe_hash=True)
class Point(PrettyDataclass):
x: int
y: int
pprint((Point(1, 2), Point(3, 4)), json=True)
输出:
[{"x": 1, "y": 2}, {"x": 3, "y": 4}]
定制
不像pprint。Pprint或json。转储，prettyformatter支持轻松定制附加类型。
为一个prettyformatter实现__pargs__和/或__pkwargs__方法。PrettyClass子类允许用户以“cls_name(*args， **kwargs)”的形式轻松地自定义类。
from prettyformatter import PrettyClass
class Dog(PrettyClass):
def __init__(self, name, **kwargs):
self.name = name
def __pkwargs__(self):
return {"name": self.name}
print(Dog("Fido"))
"""
Dog(name="Fido")
"""
print(Dog("Fido"), json=True)
"""
{"name": "Fido"}
"""
实现__pformat__方法可以实现更具体的pformat函数。
实现@prettyformatter。Register函数还允许以与实现__pformat__相同的方式自定义已经存在的类。
import numpy as np
from prettyformatter import pprint, register
@register(np.ndarray)
def pformat_ndarray(obj, specifier, depth, indent, shorten, json):
if json:
return pformat(obj.tolist(), specifier, depth, indent, shorten, json)
with np.printoptions(formatter=dict(all=lambda x: format(x, specifier))):
return repr(obj).replace("\n", "\n" + " " * depth)
pprint(dict.fromkeys("ABC", np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3)))
输出:
{
"A":
array([[0, 1, 2],
[3, 4, 5],
[6, 7, 8]]),
"B":
array([[0, 1, 2],
[3, 4, 5],
[6, 7, 8]]),
"C":
array([[0, 1, 2],
[3, 4, 5],
[6, 7, 8]]),
}
你可以使用打印字典
from print_dict import pd
dict1 = {
'key': 'value'
}
pd(dict1)
输出:
{
'key': 'value'
}
此Python代码的输出:
{
'one': 'value-one',
'two': 'value-two',
'three': 'value-three',
'four': {
'1': '1',
'2': '2',
'3': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
'4': {
'method': <function custom_method at 0x7ff6ecd03e18>,
'tuple': (1, 2),
'unicode': '✓',
'ten': 'value-ten',
'eleven': 'value-eleven',
'3': [1, 2, 3, 4]
}
},
'object1': <__main__.Object1 object at 0x7ff6ecc588d0>,
'object2': <Object2 info>,
'class': <class '__main__.Object1'>
}
安装:
$ pip install print-dict
披露:我是print-dict的作者
这是我在编写一个需要在.txt文件中编写字典的类时想到的:
@staticmethod
def _pretty_write_dict(dictionary):
def _nested(obj, level=1):
indentation_values = "\t" * level
indentation_braces = "\t" * (level - 1)
if isinstance(obj, dict):
return "{\n%(body)s%(indent_braces)s}" % {
"body": "".join("%(indent_values)s\'%(key)s\': %(value)s,\n" % {
"key": str(key),
"value": _nested(value, level + 1),
"indent_values": indentation_values
} for key, value in obj.items()),
"indent_braces": indentation_braces
}
if isinstance(obj, list):
return "[\n%(body)s\n%(indent_braces)s]" % {
"body": "".join("%(indent_values)s%(value)s,\n" % {
"value": _nested(value, level + 1),
"indent_values": indentation_values
} for value in obj),
"indent_braces": indentation_braces
}
else:
return "\'%(value)s\'" % {"value": str(obj)}
dict_text = _nested(dictionary)
return dict_text
现在，如果我们有一个这样的字典:
some_dict = {'default': {'ENGINE': [1, 2, 3, {'some_key': {'some_other_key': 'some_value'}}], 'NAME': 'some_db_name', 'PORT': '', 'HOST': 'localhost', 'USER': 'some_user_name', 'PASSWORD': 'some_password', 'OPTIONS': {'init_command': 'SET foreign_key_checks = 0;'}}}
我们这样做:
print(_pretty_write_dict(some_dict))
我们得到:
{
'default': {
'ENGINE': [
'1',
'2',
'3',
{
'some_key': {
'some_other_key': 'some_value',
},
},
],
'NAME': 'some_db_name',
'OPTIONS': {
'init_command': 'SET foreign_key_checks = 0;',
},
'HOST': 'localhost',
'USER': 'some_user_name',
'PASSWORD': 'some_password',
'PORT': '',
},
}
推荐文章
- 证书验证失败:无法获得本地颁发者证书
- 当使用pip3安装包时，“Python中的ssl模块不可用”
- 无法切换Python与pyenv
- Python if not == vs if !=
- 如何从scikit-learn决策树中提取决策规则?
- 为什么在Mac OS X v10.9 (Mavericks)的终端中apt-get功能不起作用?
- 将旋转的xtick标签与各自的xtick对齐
- 为什么元组可以包含可变项?
- 如何合并字典的字典?
- 如何创建类属性?
- 不区分大小写的“in”
- 在Python中获取迭代器中的元素个数
- 解析日期字符串并更改格式
- 使用try和。Python中的if
- 如何在Python中获得所有直接子目录
