我的第一个想法是JSON序列化器可能很擅长嵌套字典，所以我会欺骗并使用它:

>>> import json
>>> print(json.dumps({'a':2, 'b':{'x':3, 'y':{'t1': 4, 't2':5}}},
...                  sort_keys=True, indent=4))
{
    "a": 2,
    "b": {
        "x": 3,
        "y": {
            "t1": 4,
            "t2": 5
        }
    }
}

prettyformatter

免责声明:我是该软件包的作者。

有关与其他格式化程序的比较，请参阅其他格式化程序。

---

格式化

不像pprint。Pprint, prettyformatter更多地垂直传播，并尝试更多地对齐项目。

与json。转储，prettyformatter通常更紧凑，并尝试在合理的地方对齐字典值。

from prettyformatter import pprint

batters = [
    {"id": "1001", "type": "Regular"},
    {"id": "1002", "type": "Chocolate"},
    {"id": "1003", "type": "Blueberry"},
    {"id": "1004", "type": "Devil's Food"},
]

toppings = [
    {"id": "5001", "type": None},
    {"id": "5002", "type": "Glazed"},
    {"id": "5005", "type": "Sugar"},
    {"id": "5007", "type": "Powdered Sugar"},
    {"id": "5006", "type": "Chocolate with Sprinkles"},
    {"id": "5003", "type": "Chocolate"},
    {"id": "5004", "type": "Maple"},
]

data = {"id": "0001", "type": "donut", "name": "Cake", "ppu": 0.55, "batters": batters, "topping": toppings}

pprint(data)

输出:

{
    "id"    : "0001",
    "type"  : "donut",
    "name"  : "Cake",
    "ppu"   : 0.55,
    "batters":
        [
            {"id": "1001", "type": "Regular"},
            {"id": "1002", "type": "Chocolate"},
            {"id": "1003", "type": "Blueberry"},
            {"id": "1004", "type": "Devil's Food"},
        ],
    "topping":
        [
            {"id": "5001", "type": None},
            {"id": "5002", "type": "Glazed"},
            {"id": "5005", "type": "Sugar"},
            {"id": "5007", "type": "Powdered Sugar"},
            {"id": "5006", "type": "Chocolate with Sprinkles"},
            {"id": "5003", "type": "Chocolate"},
            {"id": "5004", "type": "Maple"},
        ],
}

---

特性

请在这里查看完整的文档。

JSON

不像pprint。pprint, prettyformatter通过JSON =True参数支持JSON转换。这包括将None更改为null, True更改为True, False更改为False，以及正确使用引号。

与json。转储，prettyformatter支持更多数据类型的JSON强制。这包括将任何数据类或映射更改为字典，将任何可迭代对象更改为列表。

from dataclasses import dataclass

from prettyformatter import PrettyDataclass, pprint


@dataclass(unsafe_hash=True)
class Point(PrettyDataclass):
    x: int
    y: int


pprint((Point(1, 2), Point(3, 4)), json=True)

输出:

[{"x": 1, "y": 2}, {"x": 3, "y": 4}]

定制

不像pprint。Pprint或json。转储，prettyformatter支持轻松定制附加类型。

为一个prettyformatter实现__pargs__和/或__pkwargs__方法。PrettyClass子类允许用户以“cls_name(*args， **kwargs)”的形式轻松地自定义类。

from prettyformatter import PrettyClass


class Dog(PrettyClass):

    def __init__(self, name, **kwargs):
        self.name = name

    def __pkwargs__(self):
        return {"name": self.name}


print(Dog("Fido"))
"""
Dog(name="Fido")
"""

print(Dog("Fido"), json=True)
"""
{"name": "Fido"}
"""

实现__pformat__方法可以实现更具体的pformat函数。

实现@prettyformatter。Register函数还允许以与实现__pformat__相同的方式自定义已经存在的类。

import numpy as np
from prettyformatter import pprint, register

@register(np.ndarray)
def pformat_ndarray(obj, specifier, depth, indent, shorten, json):
    if json:
        return pformat(obj.tolist(), specifier, depth, indent, shorten, json)
    with np.printoptions(formatter=dict(all=lambda x: format(x, specifier))):
        return repr(obj).replace("\n", "\n" + " " * depth)

pprint(dict.fromkeys("ABC", np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3)))

输出:

{
    "A":
        array([[0, 1, 2],
               [3, 4, 5],
               [6, 7, 8]]),
    "B":
        array([[0, 1, 2],
               [3, 4, 5],
               [6, 7, 8]]),
    "C":
        array([[0, 1, 2],
               [3, 4, 5],
               [6, 7, 8]]),
}

我不确定你到底想要什么样的格式，但你可以从这样一个函数开始:

def pretty(d, indent=0):
   for key, value in d.items():
      print('\t' * indent + str(key))
      if isinstance(value, dict):
         pretty(value, indent+1)
      else:
         print('\t' * (indent+1) + str(value))

这里的现代解决方案是使用富。安装与

pip install rich

使用as

from rich import print

d = {
    "Alabama": "Montgomery",
    "Alaska": "Juneau",
    "Arizona": "Phoenix",
    "Arkansas": "Little Rock",
    "California": "Sacramento",
    "Colorado": "Denver",
    "Connecticut": "Hartford",
    "Delaware": "Dover",
    "Florida": "Tallahassee",
    "Georgia": "Atlanta",
    "Hawaii": "Honolulu",
    "Idaho": "Boise",
}
print(d)

输出很好地缩进:

这里有一些东西可以打印任何类型的嵌套字典，同时跟踪“父”字典。

dicList = list()

def prettierPrint(dic, dicList):
count = 0
for key, value in dic.iteritems():
    count+=1
    if str(value) == 'OrderedDict()':
        value = None
    if not isinstance(value, dict):
        print str(key) + ": " + str(value)
        print str(key) + ' was found in the following path:',
        print dicList
        print '\n'
    elif isinstance(value, dict):
        dicList.append(key)
        prettierPrint(value, dicList)
    if dicList:
         if count == len(dic):
             dicList.pop()
             count = 0

prettierPrint(dicExample, dicList)

这是根据不同格式进行打印的一个很好的起点，就像op中指定的那样。你真正需要做的只是围绕打印块进行操作。注意，它将查看该值是否为'OrderedDict()'。这取决于你是否使用容器数据类型集合中的东西，你应该做这些故障保护，这样elif块不会因为它的名字而把它视为一个额外的字典。就像现在，一个例子字典

example_dict = {'key1': 'value1',
            'key2': 'value2',
            'key3': {'key3a': 'value3a'},
            'key4': {'key4a': {'key4aa': 'value4aa',
                               'key4ab': 'value4ab',
                               'key4ac': 'value4ac'},
                     'key4b': 'value4b'}

将打印

key3a: value3a
key3a was found in the following path: ['key3']

key2: value2
key2 was found in the following path: []

key1: value1
key1 was found in the following path: []

key4ab: value4ab
key4ab was found in the following path: ['key4', 'key4a']

key4ac: value4ac
key4ac was found in the following path: ['key4', 'key4a']

key4aa: value4aa
key4aa was found in the following path: ['key4', 'key4a']

key4b: value4b
key4b was found in the following path: ['key4']

~修改代码以适应问题的格式~

lastDict = list()
dicList = list()
def prettierPrint(dic, dicList):
    global lastDict
    count = 0
    for key, value in dic.iteritems():
        count+=1
        if str(value) == 'OrderedDict()':
            value = None
        if not isinstance(value, dict):
            if lastDict == dicList:
                sameParents = True
            else:
                sameParents = False

            if dicList and sameParents is not True:
                spacing = ' ' * len(str(dicList))
                print dicList
                print spacing,
                print str(value)

            if dicList and sameParents is True:
                print spacing,
                print str(value)
            lastDict = list(dicList)

        elif isinstance(value, dict):
            dicList.append(key)
            prettierPrint(value, dicList)

        if dicList:
             if count == len(dic):
                 dicList.pop()
                 count = 0

使用相同的示例代码，它将打印以下内容:

['key3']
         value3a
['key4', 'key4a']
                  value4ab
                  value4ac
                  value4aa
['key4']
         value4b

This isn't exactly what is requested in OP. The difference is that a parent^n is still printed, instead of being absent and replaced with white-space. To get to OP's format, you'll need to do something like the following: iteratively compare dicList with the lastDict. You can do this by making a new dictionary and copying dicList's content to it, checking if i in the copied dictionary is the same as i in lastDict, and -- if it is -- writing whitespace to that i position using the string multiplier function.

我的第一个想法是JSON序列化器可能很擅长嵌套字典，所以我会欺骗并使用它:

>>> import json
>>> print(json.dumps({'a':2, 'b':{'x':3, 'y':{'t1': 4, 't2':5}}},
...                  sort_keys=True, indent=4))
{
    "a": 2,
    "b": {
        "x": 3,
        "y": {
            "t1": 4,
            "t2": 5
        }
    }
}