如何在Python中漂亮地打印深度为~4的字典?我尝试用pprint()进行漂亮的打印,但它不起作用:

import pprint 
pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=4)
pp.pprint(mydict)

我只是想要一个缩进(“\t”)为每个嵌套,这样我就会得到这样的东西:

key1
    value1
    value2
    key2
       value1
       value2

等。

我该怎么做呢?


当前回答

晚了,但是这个答案不需要任何额外的库。类似于STH的答案,但在格式上更健壮一点,并返回一个完整的字符串,然后可以打印:

def pretty_print_dict(
        input_dictionary,
        indent=1,
        depth=0
):
    # Bool flag to add comma's after first item in dict.
    needs_comma = False
    # String for any dict will start with a '{'
    return_string = '\t' * depth + '{\n'
    # Iterate over keys and values, building the full string out.
    for key, value in input_dictionary.items():
        # Start with key. If key follows a previous item, add comma.
        if needs_comma:
            return_string = return_string + ',\n' + '\t' * (depth + 1) + str(key) + ': '
        else:
            return_string = return_string + '\t' * (depth + 1) + str(key) + ': '
        # If the value is a dict, recursively call function.
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            return_string = return_string + '\n' + pretty_print_dict(value, depth=depth+2)
        else:
            return_string = return_string + '\t' * indent + str(value)
        # After first line, flip bool to True to make sure commas make it.
        needs_comma = True
    # Complete the dict with a '}'
    return_string = return_string + '\n' + '\t' * depth + '}'
    # Return dict string.
    return return_string

让我们看看它如何处理像test_dict={1,2,3:{4:{5:6}, 7:8}, 9:10}这样的字典。

字符串的样子:“{\ n \ t1: \ t2, t3: \ n \ \ n \ t \ {\ n \ t \ \ t4: \ n \ t \ t \ \ {\ n \ t \ t \ \ \ t5: \ t6 \ n \ t \ t \ \ t}, \ n \ t \ \ t7: \ t8 \ n \ t \ t}, \ n \ t9: \ t10 \ n}”。

打印该字符串会得到:

{
    1:  2,
    3: 
        {
            4: 
                {
                    5:  6
                },
            7:  8
        },
    9:  10
}

其他回答

某物,我觉得很漂亮

def pretty(d, indent=0):
    for key, value in d.iteritems():
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            print '\t' * indent + (("%30s: {\n") % str(key).upper())
            pretty(value, indent+1)
            print '\t' * indent + ' ' * 32 + ('} # end of %s #\n' % str(key).upper())
        elif isinstance(value, list):
            for val in value:
                print '\t' * indent + (("%30s: [\n") % str(key).upper())
                pretty(val, indent+1)
                print '\t' * indent + ' ' * 32 + ('] # end of %s #\n' % str(key).upper())
        else:
            print '\t' * indent + (("%30s: %s") % (str(key).upper(),str(value)))

晚了,但是这个答案不需要任何额外的库。类似于STH的答案,但在格式上更健壮一点,并返回一个完整的字符串,然后可以打印:

def pretty_print_dict(
        input_dictionary,
        indent=1,
        depth=0
):
    # Bool flag to add comma's after first item in dict.
    needs_comma = False
    # String for any dict will start with a '{'
    return_string = '\t' * depth + '{\n'
    # Iterate over keys and values, building the full string out.
    for key, value in input_dictionary.items():
        # Start with key. If key follows a previous item, add comma.
        if needs_comma:
            return_string = return_string + ',\n' + '\t' * (depth + 1) + str(key) + ': '
        else:
            return_string = return_string + '\t' * (depth + 1) + str(key) + ': '
        # If the value is a dict, recursively call function.
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            return_string = return_string + '\n' + pretty_print_dict(value, depth=depth+2)
        else:
            return_string = return_string + '\t' * indent + str(value)
        # After first line, flip bool to True to make sure commas make it.
        needs_comma = True
    # Complete the dict with a '}'
    return_string = return_string + '\n' + '\t' * depth + '}'
    # Return dict string.
    return return_string

让我们看看它如何处理像test_dict={1,2,3:{4:{5:6}, 7:8}, 9:10}这样的字典。

字符串的样子:“{\ n \ t1: \ t2, t3: \ n \ \ n \ t \ {\ n \ t \ \ t4: \ n \ t \ t \ \ {\ n \ t \ t \ \ \ t5: \ t6 \ n \ t \ t \ \ t}, \ n \ t \ \ t7: \ t8 \ n \ t \ t}, \ n \ t9: \ t10 \ n}”。

打印该字符串会得到:

{
    1:  2,
    3: 
        {
            4: 
                {
                    5:  6
                },
            7:  8
        },
    9:  10
}

例如,Pout可以漂亮地打印你扔给它的任何东西(借用另一个答案的数据):

data = {'a':2, 'b':{'x':3, 'y':{'t1': 4, 't2':5}}}
pout.vs(data)

将导致输出打印到屏幕上:

{
    'a': 2,
    'b':
    {
        'y':
        {
            't2': 5,
            't1': 4
        },
        'x': 3
    }
}

或者你可以返回对象的格式化字符串输出:

v = pout.s(data)

它的主要用途是调试,因此它不会阻塞对象实例或任何东西,它处理unicode输出,如你所期望的,在python 2.7和3中工作。

披露:我是撅嘴的作者和维护者。

我写了这段简单的代码,用Python打印json对象的一般结构。

def getstructure(data, tab = 0):
    if type(data) is dict:
        print ' '*tab + '{' 
        for key in data:
            print ' '*tab + '  ' + key + ':'
            getstructure(data[key], tab+4)
        print ' '*tab + '}'         
    elif type(data) is list and len(data) > 0:
        print ' '*tab + '['
        getstructure(data[0], tab+4)
        print ' '*tab + '  ...'
        print ' '*tab + ']'

以下数据的结果

a = {'list':['a','b',1,2],'dict':{'a':1,2:'b'},'tuple':('a','b',1,2),'function':'p','unicode':u'\xa7',("tuple","key"):"valid"}
getstructure(a)

非常紧凑,看起来像这样:

{
  function:
  tuple:
  list:
    [
      ...
    ]
  dict:
    {
      a:
      2:
    }
  unicode:
  ('tuple', 'key'):
}

我的第一个想法是JSON序列化器可能很擅长嵌套字典,所以我会欺骗并使用它:

>>> import json
>>> print(json.dumps({'a':2, 'b':{'x':3, 'y':{'t1': 4, 't2':5}}},
...                  sort_keys=True, indent=4))
{
    "a": 2,
    "b": {
        "x": 3,
        "y": {
            "t1": 4,
            "t2": 5
        }
    }
}