执行以下命令时:

ALTER TABLE `mytable` ADD UNIQUE (
`column1` ,
`column2`
);

我得到了这个错误信息:

#1071 - Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

columnn1和column2的信息:

column1 varchar(20) utf8_general_ci
column2  varchar(500) utf8_general_ci

我认为varchar(20)只需要21个字节,而varchar(500)只需要501个字节。所以总字节数是522,小于767。为什么我得到了错误消息?

#1071 - Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

当前回答

在我的例子中,我在使用linux重定向输出/输入字符备份数据库时遇到了这个问题。因此,我按照下面的描述更改语法。PS:使用linux或mac终端。

备份(没有>重定向)

# mysqldump -u root -p databasename -r bkp.sql

恢复(不带< redirect)

# mysql -u root -p --default-character-set=utf8 databasename
mysql> SET names 'utf8'
mysql> SOURCE bkp.sql

错误“指定的键太长;最大密钥长度是767字节。

其他回答

如果有人在InnoDB和utf8字符集试图在VARCHAR(256)字段上放置UNIQUE索引时遇到问题,请将其切换到VARCHAR(255)字段。255似乎是限制。

如果你要创建如下内容:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS your_table (
  id int(7) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  name varchar(256) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (id),
  UNIQUE KEY name (name)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ROW_FORMAT=FIXED;

应该是这样的

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS your_table (
      id int(7) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      name varchar(256) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (id)
    ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ROW_FORMAT=FIXED;

但是您需要从代码中检查该列的唯一性,或者添加一个新列作为varchar列的MD5或SHA1

在导入文件中用utf8替换utf8mb4。

但请注意,utf8字符集已弃用,它不支持所有的Unicode字符,例如表情符号,所以如果这样做,您将失去对Unicode的完全支持。

Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

You got that message because 1 byte equals 1 character only if you use the latin-1 character set. If you use utf8, each character will be considered 3 bytes when defining your key column. If you use utf8mb4, each character will be considered to be 4 bytes when defining your key column. Thus, you need to multiply your key field's character limit by, 1, 3, or 4 (in my example) to determine the number of bytes the key field is trying to allow. If you are using uft8mb4, you can only define 191 characters for a native, InnoDB, primary key field. Just don't breach 767 bytes.

我从varchar变成了nvarchar,对我有用。