我希望接受数字和小数点,但没有符号。

我已经看过使用Windows窗体中的NumericUpDown控件的示例,以及来自微软的这个NumericUpDown自定义控件的示例。但到目前为止,似乎NumericUpDown (WPF是否支持)不会提供我想要的功能。我的应用程序是这样设计的,任何头脑正常的人都不会想弄乱箭头。在我的应用程序中,它们没有任何实际意义。

所以我正在寻找一个简单的方法,使一个标准的WPF文本框只接受我想要的字符。这可能吗?实用吗?


当前回答

另一种方法将使用附加的行为,我实现了我的自定义TextBoxHelper类,它可以在我的项目中的所有文本框上使用。因为我认为为此目的订阅每个文本框和每个单独XAML文件中的事件会很耗时。

我实现的TextBoxHelper类有这些特性:

过滤和只接受Double, Int, Uint和自然格式的数字 只过滤和接受偶数或奇数 处理粘贴事件处理程序,以防止将无效文本粘贴到数值文本框中 可以设置一个默认值,这将被用来防止无效的数据作为最后一个镜头订阅的文本框TextChanged事件

下面是TextBoxHelper类的实现:

public static class TextBoxHelper
{
    #region Enum Declarations

    public enum NumericFormat
    {
        Double,
        Int,
        Uint,
        Natural
    }

    public enum EvenOddConstraint
    {
        All,
        OnlyEven,
        OnlyOdd
    }

    #endregion

    #region Dependency Properties & CLR Wrappers

    public static readonly DependencyProperty OnlyNumericProperty =
        DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("OnlyNumeric", typeof(NumericFormat?), typeof(TextBoxHelper),
            new PropertyMetadata(null, DependencyPropertiesChanged));
    public static void SetOnlyNumeric(TextBox element, NumericFormat value) =>
        element.SetValue(OnlyNumericProperty, value);
    public static NumericFormat GetOnlyNumeric(TextBox element) =>
        (NumericFormat) element.GetValue(OnlyNumericProperty);


    public static readonly DependencyProperty DefaultValueProperty =
        DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("DefaultValue", typeof(string), typeof(TextBoxHelper),
            new PropertyMetadata(null, DependencyPropertiesChanged));
    public static void SetDefaultValue(TextBox element, string value) =>
        element.SetValue(DefaultValueProperty, value);
    public static string GetDefaultValue(TextBox element) => (string) element.GetValue(DefaultValueProperty);


    public static readonly DependencyProperty EvenOddConstraintProperty =
        DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("EvenOddConstraint", typeof(EvenOddConstraint), typeof(TextBoxHelper),
            new PropertyMetadata(EvenOddConstraint.All, DependencyPropertiesChanged));
    public static void SetEvenOddConstraint(TextBox element, EvenOddConstraint value) =>
        element.SetValue(EvenOddConstraintProperty, value);
    public static EvenOddConstraint GetEvenOddConstraint(TextBox element) =>
        (EvenOddConstraint)element.GetValue(EvenOddConstraintProperty);

    #endregion

    #region Dependency Properties Methods

    private static void DependencyPropertiesChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        if (!(d is TextBox textBox))
            throw new Exception("Attached property must be used with TextBox.");

        switch (e.Property.Name)
        {
            case "OnlyNumeric":
            {
                var castedValue = (NumericFormat?) e.NewValue;

                if (castedValue.HasValue)
                {
                    textBox.PreviewTextInput += TextBox_PreviewTextInput;
                    DataObject.AddPastingHandler(textBox, TextBox_PasteEventHandler);
                }
                else
                {
                    textBox.PreviewTextInput -= TextBox_PreviewTextInput;
                    DataObject.RemovePastingHandler(textBox, TextBox_PasteEventHandler);
                }

                break;
            }

            case "DefaultValue":
            {
                var castedValue = (string) e.NewValue;

                if (castedValue != null)
                {
                    textBox.TextChanged += TextBox_TextChanged;
                }
                else
                {
                    textBox.TextChanged -= TextBox_TextChanged;
                }

                break;
            }
        }
    }

    #endregion

    private static void TextBox_PreviewTextInput(object sender, TextCompositionEventArgs e)
    {
        var textBox = (TextBox)sender;

        string newText;

        if (textBox.SelectionLength == 0)
        {
            newText = textBox.Text.Insert(textBox.SelectionStart, e.Text);
        }
        else
        {
            var textAfterDelete = textBox.Text.Remove(textBox.SelectionStart, textBox.SelectionLength);

            newText = textAfterDelete.Insert(textBox.SelectionStart, e.Text);
        }

        var evenOddConstraint = GetEvenOddConstraint(textBox);

        switch (GetOnlyNumeric(textBox))
        {
            case NumericFormat.Double:
            {
                if (double.TryParse(newText, out double number))
                {
                    switch (evenOddConstraint)
                    {
                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                            if (number % 2 != 0)
                                e.Handled = true;
                            else
                                e.Handled = false;

                            break;

                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                            if (number % 2 == 0)
                                e.Handled = true;
                            else
                                e.Handled = false;

                            break;
                    }
                }
                else
                    e.Handled = true;

                break;
            }

            case NumericFormat.Int:
            {
                if (int.TryParse(newText, out int number))
                {
                    switch (evenOddConstraint)
                    {
                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                            if (number % 2 != 0)
                                e.Handled = true;
                            else
                                e.Handled = false;

                            break;

                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                            if (number % 2 == 0)
                                e.Handled = true;
                            else
                                e.Handled = false;

                            break;
                    }
                }
                else
                    e.Handled = true;

                break;
            }

            case NumericFormat.Uint:
            {
                if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
                {
                    switch (evenOddConstraint)
                    {
                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                            if (number % 2 != 0)
                                e.Handled = true;
                            else
                                e.Handled = false;

                            break;

                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                            if (number % 2 == 0)
                                e.Handled = true;
                            else
                                e.Handled = false;

                            break;
                    }
                }
                else
                    e.Handled = true;

                break;
            }

            case NumericFormat.Natural:
            {
                if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
                {
                    if (number == 0)
                        e.Handled = true;
                    else
                    {
                        switch (evenOddConstraint)
                        {
                            case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                                if (number % 2 != 0)
                                    e.Handled = true;
                                else
                                    e.Handled = false;

                                break;

                            case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                                if (number % 2 == 0)
                                    e.Handled = true;
                                else
                                    e.Handled = false;

                                break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                    e.Handled = true;

                break;
            }
        }
    }

    private static void TextBox_PasteEventHandler(object sender, DataObjectPastingEventArgs e)
    {
        var textBox = (TextBox)sender;

        if (e.DataObject.GetDataPresent(typeof(string)))
        {
            var clipboardText = (string) e.DataObject.GetData(typeof(string));

            var newText = textBox.Text.Insert(textBox.SelectionStart, clipboardText);

            var evenOddConstraint = GetEvenOddConstraint(textBox);

            switch (GetOnlyNumeric(textBox))
            {
                case NumericFormat.Double:
                {
                    if (double.TryParse(newText, out double number))
                    {
                        switch (evenOddConstraint)
                        {
                            case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                                if (number % 2 != 0)
                                    e.CancelCommand();

                                break;

                            case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                                if (number % 2 == 0)
                                    e.CancelCommand();

                                break;
                        }
                    }
                    else
                        e.CancelCommand();

                    break;
                }

                case NumericFormat.Int:
                {
                    if (int.TryParse(newText, out int number))
                    {
                        switch (evenOddConstraint)
                        {
                            case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                                if (number % 2 != 0)
                                    e.CancelCommand();

                                break;

                            case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                                if (number % 2 == 0)
                                    e.CancelCommand();


                                break;
                        }
                    }
                    else
                        e.CancelCommand();

                    break;
                }

                case NumericFormat.Uint:
                {
                    if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
                    {
                        switch (evenOddConstraint)
                        {
                            case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                                if (number % 2 != 0)
                                    e.CancelCommand();

                                break;

                            case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                                if (number % 2 == 0)
                                    e.CancelCommand();


                                break;
                        }
                    }
                    else
                        e.CancelCommand();

                    break;
                }

                case NumericFormat.Natural:
                {
                    if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
                    {
                        if (number == 0)
                            e.CancelCommand();
                        else
                        {
                            switch (evenOddConstraint)
                            {
                                case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                                    if (number % 2 != 0)
                                        e.CancelCommand();

                                    break;

                                case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                                    if (number % 2 == 0)
                                        e.CancelCommand();

                                    break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        e.CancelCommand();
                    }

                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            e.CancelCommand();
        }
    }

    private static void TextBox_TextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        var textBox = (TextBox)sender;

        var defaultValue = GetDefaultValue(textBox);

        var evenOddConstraint = GetEvenOddConstraint(textBox);

        switch (GetOnlyNumeric(textBox))
        {
            case NumericFormat.Double:
            {
                if (double.TryParse(textBox.Text, out double number))
                {
                    switch (evenOddConstraint)
                    {
                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                            if (number % 2 != 0)
                                textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                            break;

                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                            if (number % 2 == 0)
                                textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                            break;
                    }
                }
                else
                    textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                break;
            }

            case NumericFormat.Int:
            {
                if (int.TryParse(textBox.Text, out int number))
                {
                    switch (evenOddConstraint)
                    {
                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                            if (number % 2 != 0)
                                textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                            break;

                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                            if (number % 2 == 0)
                                textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                            break;
                    }
                }
                else
                    textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                break;
            }

            case NumericFormat.Uint:
            {
                if (uint.TryParse(textBox.Text, out uint number))
                {
                    switch (evenOddConstraint)
                    {
                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                            if (number % 2 != 0)
                                textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                            break;

                        case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                            if (number % 2 == 0)
                                textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                            break;
                    }
                }
                else
                    textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                break;
            }

            case NumericFormat.Natural:
            {
                if (uint.TryParse(textBox.Text, out uint number))
                {
                    if(number == 0)
                        textBox.Text = defaultValue;
                    else
                    {
                        switch (evenOddConstraint)
                        {
                            case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:

                                if (number % 2 != 0)
                                    textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                                break;

                            case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:

                                if (number % 2 == 0)
                                    textBox.Text = defaultValue;

                                break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    textBox.Text = defaultValue;
                }

                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

下面是一些简单用法的例子:

<TextBox viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.OnlyNumeric="Double"
         viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.DefaultValue="1"/>

Or

<TextBox viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.OnlyNumeric="Natural"
         viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.DefaultValue="3"
         viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.EvenOddConstraint="OnlyOdd"/>

注意,我的TextBoxHelper驻留在viewHelpers xmlns别名中。

我希望这个实现可以减轻其他人的工作:)

其他回答

PreviewTextInput += (s, e) =>
{
    e.Handled = !e.Text.All(char.IsDigit);
};

我使用了一些已经在这里的东西,并使用一个行为把我自己的扭曲,这样我就不必在大量的视图中传播这段代码……

public class AllowableCharactersTextBoxBehavior : Behavior<TextBox>
{
    public static readonly DependencyProperty RegularExpressionProperty =
         DependencyProperty.Register("RegularExpression", typeof(string), typeof(AllowableCharactersTextBoxBehavior),
         new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(".*"));
    public string RegularExpression
    {
        get
        {
            return (string)base.GetValue(RegularExpressionProperty);
        }
        set
        {
            base.SetValue(RegularExpressionProperty, value);
        }
    }

    public static readonly DependencyProperty MaxLengthProperty =
        DependencyProperty.Register("MaxLength", typeof(int), typeof(AllowableCharactersTextBoxBehavior),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(int.MinValue));
    public int MaxLength
    {
        get
        {
            return (int)base.GetValue(MaxLengthProperty);
        }
        set
        {
            base.SetValue(MaxLengthProperty, value);
        }
    }

    protected override void OnAttached()
    {
        base.OnAttached();
        AssociatedObject.PreviewTextInput += OnPreviewTextInput;
        DataObject.AddPastingHandler(AssociatedObject, OnPaste);
    }

    private void OnPaste(object sender, DataObjectPastingEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.DataObject.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.Text))
        {
            string text = Convert.ToString(e.DataObject.GetData(DataFormats.Text));

            if (!IsValid(text, true))
            {
                e.CancelCommand();
            }
        }
        else
        {
            e.CancelCommand();
        }
    }

    void OnPreviewTextInput(object sender, System.Windows.Input.TextCompositionEventArgs e)
    {
        e.Handled = !IsValid(e.Text, false);
    }

    protected override void OnDetaching()
    {
        base.OnDetaching();
        AssociatedObject.PreviewTextInput -= OnPreviewTextInput;
        DataObject.RemovePastingHandler(AssociatedObject, OnPaste);
    }

    private bool IsValid(string newText, bool paste)
    {
        return !ExceedsMaxLength(newText, paste) && Regex.IsMatch(newText, RegularExpression);
    }

    private bool ExceedsMaxLength(string newText, bool paste)
    {
        if (MaxLength == 0) return false;

        return LengthOfModifiedText(newText, paste) > MaxLength;
    }

    private int LengthOfModifiedText(string newText, bool paste)
    {
        var countOfSelectedChars = this.AssociatedObject.SelectedText.Length;
        var caretIndex = this.AssociatedObject.CaretIndex;
        string text = this.AssociatedObject.Text;

        if (countOfSelectedChars > 0 || paste)
        {
            text = text.Remove(caretIndex, countOfSelectedChars);
            return text.Length + newText.Length;
        }
        else
        {
            var insert = Keyboard.IsKeyToggled(Key.Insert);

            return insert && caretIndex < text.Length ? text.Length : text.Length + newText.Length;
        }
    }
}

下面是相关的视图代码:

<TextBox MaxLength="50" TextWrapping="Wrap" MaxWidth="150" Margin="4"
 Text="{Binding Path=FileNameToPublish}" >
     <interactivity:Interaction.Behaviors>
         <v:AllowableCharactersTextBoxBehavior RegularExpression="^[0-9.\-]+$" MaxLength="50" />
     </interactivity:Interaction.Behaviors>
</TextBox>

这是我的版本。它基于一个基本的ValidatingTextBox类,如果它不是“有效”的,它只是撤销已经做过的事情。它支持粘贴,剪切,删除,退格,+,-等。

对于32位整型,有一个Int32TextBox类用于与整型进行比较。我还添加了浮点验证类。

public class ValidatingTextBox : TextBox
{
    private bool _inEvents;
    private string _textBefore;
    private int _selectionStart;
    private int _selectionLength;

    public event EventHandler<ValidateTextEventArgs> ValidateText;

    protected override void OnPreviewKeyDown(KeyEventArgs e)
    {
        if (_inEvents)
            return;

        _selectionStart = SelectionStart;
        _selectionLength = SelectionLength;
        _textBefore = Text;
    }

    protected override void OnTextChanged(TextChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        if (_inEvents)
            return;

        _inEvents = true;
        var ev = new ValidateTextEventArgs(Text);
        OnValidateText(this, ev);
        if (ev.Cancel)
        {
            Text = _textBefore;
            SelectionStart = _selectionStart;
            SelectionLength = _selectionLength;
        }
        _inEvents = false;
    }

    protected virtual void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => ValidateText?.Invoke(this, e);
}

public class ValidateTextEventArgs : CancelEventArgs
{
    public ValidateTextEventArgs(string text) => Text = text;

    public string Text { get; }
}

public class Int32TextBox : ValidatingTextBox
{
    protected override void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => e.Cancel = !int.TryParse(e.Text, out var value);
}

public class Int64TextBox : ValidatingTextBox
{
    protected override void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => e.Cancel = !long.TryParse(e.Text, out var value);
}

public class DoubleTextBox : ValidatingTextBox
{
    protected override void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => e.Cancel = !double.TryParse(e.Text, out var value);
}

public class SingleTextBox : ValidatingTextBox
{
    protected override void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => e.Cancel = !float.TryParse(e.Text, out var value);
}

public class DecimalTextBox : ValidatingTextBox
{
    protected override void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => e.Cancel = !decimal.TryParse(e.Text, out var value);
}

注意1:在使用WPF绑定时,必须确保使用符合绑定属性类型的类,否则可能会导致奇怪的结果。

注意2:在WPF绑定中使用浮点类时,请确保绑定使用当前区域性来匹配我使用的TryParse方法。

我允许数字键盘号码和退格:

    private void TextBox_PreviewKeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
    {
        int key = (int)e.Key;

        e.Handled = !(key >= 34 && key <= 43 || 
                      key >= 74 && key <= 83 || 
                      key == 2);
    }

扩展的WPF工具包有一个:NumericUpDown