我希望接受数字和小数点,但没有符号。
我已经看过使用Windows窗体中的NumericUpDown控件的示例,以及来自微软的这个NumericUpDown自定义控件的示例。但到目前为止,似乎NumericUpDown (WPF是否支持)不会提供我想要的功能。我的应用程序是这样设计的,任何头脑正常的人都不会想弄乱箭头。在我的应用程序中,它们没有任何实际意义。
所以我正在寻找一个简单的方法,使一个标准的WPF文本框只接受我想要的字符。这可能吗?实用吗?
我希望接受数字和小数点,但没有符号。
我已经看过使用Windows窗体中的NumericUpDown控件的示例,以及来自微软的这个NumericUpDown自定义控件的示例。但到目前为止,似乎NumericUpDown (WPF是否支持)不会提供我想要的功能。我的应用程序是这样设计的,任何头脑正常的人都不会想弄乱箭头。在我的应用程序中,它们没有任何实际意义。
所以我正在寻找一个简单的方法,使一个标准的WPF文本框只接受我想要的字符。这可能吗?实用吗?
当前回答
另一种方法将使用附加的行为,我实现了我的自定义TextBoxHelper类,它可以在我的项目中的所有文本框上使用。因为我认为为此目的订阅每个文本框和每个单独XAML文件中的事件会很耗时。
我实现的TextBoxHelper类有这些特性:
过滤和只接受Double, Int, Uint和自然格式的数字 只过滤和接受偶数或奇数 处理粘贴事件处理程序,以防止将无效文本粘贴到数值文本框中 可以设置一个默认值,这将被用来防止无效的数据作为最后一个镜头订阅的文本框TextChanged事件
下面是TextBoxHelper类的实现:
public static class TextBoxHelper
{
#region Enum Declarations
public enum NumericFormat
{
Double,
Int,
Uint,
Natural
}
public enum EvenOddConstraint
{
All,
OnlyEven,
OnlyOdd
}
#endregion
#region Dependency Properties & CLR Wrappers
public static readonly DependencyProperty OnlyNumericProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("OnlyNumeric", typeof(NumericFormat?), typeof(TextBoxHelper),
new PropertyMetadata(null, DependencyPropertiesChanged));
public static void SetOnlyNumeric(TextBox element, NumericFormat value) =>
element.SetValue(OnlyNumericProperty, value);
public static NumericFormat GetOnlyNumeric(TextBox element) =>
(NumericFormat) element.GetValue(OnlyNumericProperty);
public static readonly DependencyProperty DefaultValueProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("DefaultValue", typeof(string), typeof(TextBoxHelper),
new PropertyMetadata(null, DependencyPropertiesChanged));
public static void SetDefaultValue(TextBox element, string value) =>
element.SetValue(DefaultValueProperty, value);
public static string GetDefaultValue(TextBox element) => (string) element.GetValue(DefaultValueProperty);
public static readonly DependencyProperty EvenOddConstraintProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("EvenOddConstraint", typeof(EvenOddConstraint), typeof(TextBoxHelper),
new PropertyMetadata(EvenOddConstraint.All, DependencyPropertiesChanged));
public static void SetEvenOddConstraint(TextBox element, EvenOddConstraint value) =>
element.SetValue(EvenOddConstraintProperty, value);
public static EvenOddConstraint GetEvenOddConstraint(TextBox element) =>
(EvenOddConstraint)element.GetValue(EvenOddConstraintProperty);
#endregion
#region Dependency Properties Methods
private static void DependencyPropertiesChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
if (!(d is TextBox textBox))
throw new Exception("Attached property must be used with TextBox.");
switch (e.Property.Name)
{
case "OnlyNumeric":
{
var castedValue = (NumericFormat?) e.NewValue;
if (castedValue.HasValue)
{
textBox.PreviewTextInput += TextBox_PreviewTextInput;
DataObject.AddPastingHandler(textBox, TextBox_PasteEventHandler);
}
else
{
textBox.PreviewTextInput -= TextBox_PreviewTextInput;
DataObject.RemovePastingHandler(textBox, TextBox_PasteEventHandler);
}
break;
}
case "DefaultValue":
{
var castedValue = (string) e.NewValue;
if (castedValue != null)
{
textBox.TextChanged += TextBox_TextChanged;
}
else
{
textBox.TextChanged -= TextBox_TextChanged;
}
break;
}
}
}
#endregion
private static void TextBox_PreviewTextInput(object sender, TextCompositionEventArgs e)
{
var textBox = (TextBox)sender;
string newText;
if (textBox.SelectionLength == 0)
{
newText = textBox.Text.Insert(textBox.SelectionStart, e.Text);
}
else
{
var textAfterDelete = textBox.Text.Remove(textBox.SelectionStart, textBox.SelectionLength);
newText = textAfterDelete.Insert(textBox.SelectionStart, e.Text);
}
var evenOddConstraint = GetEvenOddConstraint(textBox);
switch (GetOnlyNumeric(textBox))
{
case NumericFormat.Double:
{
if (double.TryParse(newText, out double number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
}
}
else
e.Handled = true;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Int:
{
if (int.TryParse(newText, out int number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
}
}
else
e.Handled = true;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Uint:
{
if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
}
}
else
e.Handled = true;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Natural:
{
if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
{
if (number == 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
}
}
}
else
e.Handled = true;
break;
}
}
}
private static void TextBox_PasteEventHandler(object sender, DataObjectPastingEventArgs e)
{
var textBox = (TextBox)sender;
if (e.DataObject.GetDataPresent(typeof(string)))
{
var clipboardText = (string) e.DataObject.GetData(typeof(string));
var newText = textBox.Text.Insert(textBox.SelectionStart, clipboardText);
var evenOddConstraint = GetEvenOddConstraint(textBox);
switch (GetOnlyNumeric(textBox))
{
case NumericFormat.Double:
{
if (double.TryParse(newText, out double number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
}
else
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Int:
{
if (int.TryParse(newText, out int number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
}
else
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Uint:
{
if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
}
else
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Natural:
{
if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
{
if (number == 0)
e.CancelCommand();
else
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
}
}
else
{
e.CancelCommand();
}
break;
}
}
}
else
{
e.CancelCommand();
}
}
private static void TextBox_TextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e)
{
var textBox = (TextBox)sender;
var defaultValue = GetDefaultValue(textBox);
var evenOddConstraint = GetEvenOddConstraint(textBox);
switch (GetOnlyNumeric(textBox))
{
case NumericFormat.Double:
{
if (double.TryParse(textBox.Text, out double number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
}
else
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Int:
{
if (int.TryParse(textBox.Text, out int number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
}
else
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Uint:
{
if (uint.TryParse(textBox.Text, out uint number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
}
else
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Natural:
{
if (uint.TryParse(textBox.Text, out uint number))
{
if(number == 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
else
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
}
}
else
{
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
下面是一些简单用法的例子:
<TextBox viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.OnlyNumeric="Double"
viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.DefaultValue="1"/>
Or
<TextBox viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.OnlyNumeric="Natural"
viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.DefaultValue="3"
viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.EvenOddConstraint="OnlyOdd"/>
注意,我的TextBoxHelper驻留在viewHelpers xmlns别名中。
我希望这个实现可以减轻其他人的工作:)
其他回答
PreviewTextInput += (s, e) =>
{
e.Handled = !e.Text.All(char.IsDigit);
};
我使用了一些已经在这里的东西,并使用一个行为把我自己的扭曲,这样我就不必在大量的视图中传播这段代码……
public class AllowableCharactersTextBoxBehavior : Behavior<TextBox>
{
public static readonly DependencyProperty RegularExpressionProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("RegularExpression", typeof(string), typeof(AllowableCharactersTextBoxBehavior),
new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(".*"));
public string RegularExpression
{
get
{
return (string)base.GetValue(RegularExpressionProperty);
}
set
{
base.SetValue(RegularExpressionProperty, value);
}
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty MaxLengthProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("MaxLength", typeof(int), typeof(AllowableCharactersTextBoxBehavior),
new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(int.MinValue));
public int MaxLength
{
get
{
return (int)base.GetValue(MaxLengthProperty);
}
set
{
base.SetValue(MaxLengthProperty, value);
}
}
protected override void OnAttached()
{
base.OnAttached();
AssociatedObject.PreviewTextInput += OnPreviewTextInput;
DataObject.AddPastingHandler(AssociatedObject, OnPaste);
}
private void OnPaste(object sender, DataObjectPastingEventArgs e)
{
if (e.DataObject.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.Text))
{
string text = Convert.ToString(e.DataObject.GetData(DataFormats.Text));
if (!IsValid(text, true))
{
e.CancelCommand();
}
}
else
{
e.CancelCommand();
}
}
void OnPreviewTextInput(object sender, System.Windows.Input.TextCompositionEventArgs e)
{
e.Handled = !IsValid(e.Text, false);
}
protected override void OnDetaching()
{
base.OnDetaching();
AssociatedObject.PreviewTextInput -= OnPreviewTextInput;
DataObject.RemovePastingHandler(AssociatedObject, OnPaste);
}
private bool IsValid(string newText, bool paste)
{
return !ExceedsMaxLength(newText, paste) && Regex.IsMatch(newText, RegularExpression);
}
private bool ExceedsMaxLength(string newText, bool paste)
{
if (MaxLength == 0) return false;
return LengthOfModifiedText(newText, paste) > MaxLength;
}
private int LengthOfModifiedText(string newText, bool paste)
{
var countOfSelectedChars = this.AssociatedObject.SelectedText.Length;
var caretIndex = this.AssociatedObject.CaretIndex;
string text = this.AssociatedObject.Text;
if (countOfSelectedChars > 0 || paste)
{
text = text.Remove(caretIndex, countOfSelectedChars);
return text.Length + newText.Length;
}
else
{
var insert = Keyboard.IsKeyToggled(Key.Insert);
return insert && caretIndex < text.Length ? text.Length : text.Length + newText.Length;
}
}
}
下面是相关的视图代码:
<TextBox MaxLength="50" TextWrapping="Wrap" MaxWidth="150" Margin="4"
Text="{Binding Path=FileNameToPublish}" >
<interactivity:Interaction.Behaviors>
<v:AllowableCharactersTextBoxBehavior RegularExpression="^[0-9.\-]+$" MaxLength="50" />
</interactivity:Interaction.Behaviors>
</TextBox>
这是我的版本。它基于一个基本的ValidatingTextBox类,如果它不是“有效”的,它只是撤销已经做过的事情。它支持粘贴,剪切,删除,退格,+,-等。
对于32位整型,有一个Int32TextBox类用于与整型进行比较。我还添加了浮点验证类。
public class ValidatingTextBox : TextBox
{
private bool _inEvents;
private string _textBefore;
private int _selectionStart;
private int _selectionLength;
public event EventHandler<ValidateTextEventArgs> ValidateText;
protected override void OnPreviewKeyDown(KeyEventArgs e)
{
if (_inEvents)
return;
_selectionStart = SelectionStart;
_selectionLength = SelectionLength;
_textBefore = Text;
}
protected override void OnTextChanged(TextChangedEventArgs e)
{
if (_inEvents)
return;
_inEvents = true;
var ev = new ValidateTextEventArgs(Text);
OnValidateText(this, ev);
if (ev.Cancel)
{
Text = _textBefore;
SelectionStart = _selectionStart;
SelectionLength = _selectionLength;
}
_inEvents = false;
}
protected virtual void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => ValidateText?.Invoke(this, e);
}
public class ValidateTextEventArgs : CancelEventArgs
{
public ValidateTextEventArgs(string text) => Text = text;
public string Text { get; }
}
public class Int32TextBox : ValidatingTextBox
{
protected override void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => e.Cancel = !int.TryParse(e.Text, out var value);
}
public class Int64TextBox : ValidatingTextBox
{
protected override void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => e.Cancel = !long.TryParse(e.Text, out var value);
}
public class DoubleTextBox : ValidatingTextBox
{
protected override void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => e.Cancel = !double.TryParse(e.Text, out var value);
}
public class SingleTextBox : ValidatingTextBox
{
protected override void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => e.Cancel = !float.TryParse(e.Text, out var value);
}
public class DecimalTextBox : ValidatingTextBox
{
protected override void OnValidateText(object sender, ValidateTextEventArgs e) => e.Cancel = !decimal.TryParse(e.Text, out var value);
}
注意1:在使用WPF绑定时,必须确保使用符合绑定属性类型的类,否则可能会导致奇怪的结果。
注意2:在WPF绑定中使用浮点类时,请确保绑定使用当前区域性来匹配我使用的TryParse方法。
我允许数字键盘号码和退格:
private void TextBox_PreviewKeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
int key = (int)e.Key;
e.Handled = !(key >= 34 && key <= 43 ||
key >= 74 && key <= 83 ||
key == 2);
}
扩展的WPF工具包有一个:NumericUpDown