我使用subprocess模块启动子流程并连接到其输出流(标准输出)。我希望能够对其标准输出执行非阻塞读取。是否有一种方法使.readline非阻塞或在我调用.readline之前检查流上是否有数据?我希望这是可移植的,或者至少可以在Windows和Linux下工作。
下面是我现在怎么做的(如果没有数据可用,它会阻塞在.readline上):
p = subprocess.Popen('myprogram.exe', stdout = subprocess.PIPE)
output_str = p.stdout.readline()
这是一个在子进程中执行交互命令的例子,通过伪终端实现了stdout的交互。您可以参考:https://stackoverflow.com/a/43012138/3555925
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
import sys
import select
import termios
import tty
import pty
from subprocess import Popen
command = 'bash'
# command = 'docker run -it --rm centos /bin/bash'.split()
# save original tty setting then set it to raw mode
old_tty = termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno())
# open pseudo-terminal to interact with subprocess
master_fd, slave_fd = pty.openpty()
# use os.setsid() make it run in a new process group, or bash job control will not be enabled
p = Popen(command,
preexec_fn=os.setsid,
stdin=slave_fd,
stdout=slave_fd,
stderr=slave_fd,
universal_newlines=True)
while p.poll() is None:
r, w, e = select.select([sys.stdin, master_fd], [], [])
if sys.stdin in r:
d = os.read(sys.stdin.fileno(), 10240)
os.write(master_fd, d)
elif master_fd in r:
o = os.read(master_fd, 10240)
if o:
os.write(sys.stdout.fileno(), o)
# restore tty settings back
termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_tty)
这个版本的非阻塞读取不需要特殊的模块,并且可以在大多数Linux发行版上开箱即用。
import os
import sys
import time
import fcntl
import subprocess
def async_read(fd):
# set non-blocking flag while preserving old flags
fl = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL)
fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, fl | os.O_NONBLOCK)
# read char until EOF hit
while True:
try:
ch = os.read(fd.fileno(), 1)
# EOF
if not ch: break
sys.stdout.write(ch)
except OSError:
# waiting for data be available on fd
pass
def shell(args, async=True):
# merge stderr and stdout
proc = subprocess.Popen(args, shell=False, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
if async: async_read(proc.stdout)
sout, serr = proc.communicate()
return (sout, serr)
if __name__ == '__main__':
cmd = 'ping 8.8.8.8'
sout, serr = shell(cmd.split())
我添加这个问题是为了读一些子进程。Popen stdout。
下面是我的非阻塞读解决方案:
import fcntl
def non_block_read(output):
fd = output.fileno()
fl = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL)
fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, fl | os.O_NONBLOCK)
try:
return output.read()
except:
return ""
# Use example
from subprocess import *
sb = Popen("echo test && sleep 1000", shell=True, stdout=PIPE)
sb.kill()
# sb.stdout.read() # <-- This will block
non_block_read(sb.stdout)
'test\n'