我使用subprocess模块启动子流程并连接到其输出流(标准输出)。我希望能够对其标准输出执行非阻塞读取。是否有一种方法使.readline非阻塞或在我调用.readline之前检查流上是否有数据?我希望这是可移植的，或者至少可以在Windows和Linux下工作。
下面是我现在怎么做的(如果没有数据可用，它会阻塞在.readline上):
p = subprocess.Popen('myprogram.exe', stdout = subprocess.PIPE)
output_str = p.stdout.readline()
当前回答
为什么要打扰线程和队列? 与readline()不同，BufferedReader.read1()不会阻塞等待\r\n，如果有任何输出进入，它会尽快返回。
#!/usr/bin/python
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, STDOUT
import io
def __main__():
try:
p = Popen( ["ping", "-n", "3", "127.0.0.1"], stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT )
except: print("Popen failed"); quit()
sout = io.open(p.stdout.fileno(), 'rb', closefd=False)
while True:
buf = sout.read1(1024)
if len(buf) == 0: break
print buf,
if __name__ == '__main__':
__main__()
其他回答
I have often had a similar problem; Python programs I write frequently need to have the ability to execute some primary functionality while simultaneously accepting user input from the command line (stdin). Simply putting the user input handling functionality in another thread doesn't solve the problem because readline() blocks and has no timeout. If the primary functionality is complete and there is no longer any need to wait for further user input I typically want my program to exit, but it can't because readline() is still blocking in the other thread waiting for a line. A solution I have found to this problem is to make stdin a non-blocking file using the fcntl module:
import fcntl
import os
import sys
# make stdin a non-blocking file
fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
fl = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL)
fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, fl | os.O_NONBLOCK)
# user input handling thread
while mainThreadIsRunning:
try: input = sys.stdin.readline()
except: continue
handleInput(input)
在我看来，这比使用select或signal模块来解决这个问题要简洁一些，但它只适用于UNIX…
这个版本的非阻塞读取不需要特殊的模块，并且可以在大多数Linux发行版上开箱即用。
import os
import sys
import time
import fcntl
import subprocess
def async_read(fd):
# set non-blocking flag while preserving old flags
fl = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL)
fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, fl | os.O_NONBLOCK)
# read char until EOF hit
while True:
try:
ch = os.read(fd.fileno(), 1)
# EOF
if not ch: break
sys.stdout.write(ch)
except OSError:
# waiting for data be available on fd
pass
def shell(args, async=True):
# merge stderr and stdout
proc = subprocess.Popen(args, shell=False, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
if async: async_read(proc.stdout)
sout, serr = proc.communicate()
return (sout, serr)
if __name__ == '__main__':
cmd = 'ping 8.8.8.8'
sout, serr = shell(cmd.split())
尝试wexpect，它是pexpect的windows替代品。
import wexpect
p = wexpect.spawn('myprogram.exe')
p.stdout.readline('.') // regex pattern of any character
output_str = p.after()
我基于J. F. Sebastian的解决方案创建了一个库。你可以使用它。
https://github.com/cenkalti/what
选择模块帮助您确定下一个有用的输入在哪里。
但是，您几乎总是更喜欢使用单独的线程。一个是阻塞读取stdin，另一个是阻塞你不想阻塞的地方。
