假设我们有一个名为imageFile的自定义类，这个类包含两个属性:
class imageFile {
var fileName = String()
var fileID = Int()
}
很多都存储在一个数组中:
var images : Array = []
var aImage = imageFile()
aImage.fileName = "image1.png"
aImage.fileID = 101
images.append(aImage)
aImage = imageFile()
aImage.fileName = "image1.png"
aImage.fileID = 202
images.append(aImage)
我如何排序的图像数组由'fileID'升序或降序?
当前回答
如果你不使用自定义对象，而是使用值类型来实现可比协议(Int, String等)，你可以简单地这样做:
myArray.sort(>) //sort descending order
一个例子:
struct MyStruct: Comparable {
var name = "Untitled"
}
func <(lhs: MyStruct, rhs: MyStruct) -> Bool {
return lhs.name < rhs.name
}
// Implementation of == required by Equatable
func ==(lhs: MyStruct, rhs: MyStruct) -> Bool {
return lhs.name == rhs.name
}
let value1 = MyStruct()
var value2 = MyStruct()
value2.name = "A New Name"
var anArray:[MyStruct] = []
anArray.append(value1)
anArray.append(value2)
anArray.sort(>) // This will sort the array in descending order
其他回答
如果你不使用自定义对象，而是使用值类型来实现可比协议(Int, String等)，你可以简单地这样做:
myArray.sort(>) //sort descending order
一个例子:
struct MyStruct: Comparable {
var name = "Untitled"
}
func <(lhs: MyStruct, rhs: MyStruct) -> Bool {
return lhs.name < rhs.name
}
// Implementation of == required by Equatable
func ==(lhs: MyStruct, rhs: MyStruct) -> Bool {
return lhs.name == rhs.name
}
let value1 = MyStruct()
var value2 = MyStruct()
value2.name = "A New Name"
var anArray:[MyStruct] = []
anArray.append(value1)
anArray.append(value2)
anArray.sort(>) // This will sort the array in descending order
在Swift 5中，Array有两个方法，分别是sorted()和sorted(by:)。第一个方法sorted()有如下声明:
返回排序后的集合元素。
func sorted() -> [Element]
第二个方法，排序(通过:)，有如下声明:
返回集合的元素，使用给定的谓词作为元素之间的比较进行排序。
func sorted(by areInIncreasingOrder: (Element, Element) throws -> Bool) rethrows -> [Element]
# 1。对可比较的对象进行升序排序
如果集合中的元素类型符合Comparable协议，则可以使用sorted()以升序对元素进行排序。下面的Playground代码展示了如何使用sorted():
class ImageFile: CustomStringConvertible, Comparable {
let fileName: String
let fileID: Int
var description: String { return "ImageFile with ID: \(fileID)" }
init(fileName: String, fileID: Int) {
self.fileName = fileName
self.fileID = fileID
}
static func ==(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
return lhs.fileID == rhs.fileID
}
static func <(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
return lhs.fileID < rhs.fileID
}
}
let images = [
ImageFile(fileName: "Car", fileID: 300),
ImageFile(fileName: "Boat", fileID: 100),
ImageFile(fileName: "Plane", fileID: 200)
]
let sortedImages = images.sorted()
print(sortedImages)
/*
prints: [ImageFile with ID: 100, ImageFile with ID: 200, ImageFile with ID: 300]
*/
# 2。对可比较的对象按降序排序
如果集合中的元素类型符合Comparable协议，则必须使用sorted(by:)以降序对元素进行排序。
class ImageFile: CustomStringConvertible, Comparable {
let fileName: String
let fileID: Int
var description: String { return "ImageFile with ID: \(fileID)" }
init(fileName: String, fileID: Int) {
self.fileName = fileName
self.fileID = fileID
}
static func ==(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
return lhs.fileID == rhs.fileID
}
static func <(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
return lhs.fileID < rhs.fileID
}
}
let images = [
ImageFile(fileName: "Car", fileID: 300),
ImageFile(fileName: "Boat", fileID: 100),
ImageFile(fileName: "Plane", fileID: 200)
]
let sortedImages = images.sorted(by: { (img0: ImageFile, img1: ImageFile) -> Bool in
return img0 > img1
})
//let sortedImages = images.sorted(by: >) // also works
//let sortedImages = images.sorted { $0 > $1 } // also works
print(sortedImages)
/*
prints: [ImageFile with ID: 300, ImageFile with ID: 200, ImageFile with ID: 100]
*/
# 3。对不可比较的对象按升序或降序排序
如果集合中的元素类型不符合Comparable协议，则必须使用sorted(by:)以升序或降序对元素进行排序。
class ImageFile: CustomStringConvertible {
let fileName: String
let fileID: Int
var description: String { return "ImageFile with ID: \(fileID)" }
init(fileName: String, fileID: Int) {
self.fileName = fileName
self.fileID = fileID
}
}
let images = [
ImageFile(fileName: "Car", fileID: 300),
ImageFile(fileName: "Boat", fileID: 100),
ImageFile(fileName: "Plane", fileID: 200)
]
let sortedImages = images.sorted(by: { (img0: ImageFile, img1: ImageFile) -> Bool in
return img0.fileID < img1.fileID
})
//let sortedImages = images.sorted { $0.fileID < $1.fileID } // also works
print(sortedImages)
/*
prints: [ImageFile with ID: 300, ImageFile with ID: 200, ImageFile with ID: 100]
*/
注意，Swift还提供了两个方法sort()和sort(by:)作为sorted()和sorted(by:)的对应，如果你需要对你的集合进行就地排序。
Swift 4.0, 4.1和4.2:
首先，我创建了imageFile类型的可变数组，如下所示
var arr = [imageFile]()
创建类型为imageFile的可变对象图像，并为属性赋值，如下所示
var image = imageFile()
image.fileId = 14
image.fileName = "A"
现在，将这个对象追加到数组arr
arr.append(image)
现在，将不同的属性分配给相同的可变对象，即图像
image = imageFile()
image.fileId = 13
image.fileName = "B"
现在，再次将image object追加到数组arr中
arr.append(image)
现在，我们将对数组arr对象中的fileId属性应用升序。使用<符号按升序排列
arr = arr.sorted(by: {$0.fileId < $1.fileId}) // arr has all objects in Ascending order
print("sorted array is",arr[0].fileId)// sorted array is 13
print("sorted array is",arr[1].fileId)//sorted array is 14
现在，我们将在数组arr对象中的fileId属性上应用降序。降序使用>符号
arr = arr.sorted(by: {$0.fileId > $1.fileId}) // arr has all objects in Descending order
print("Unsorted array is",arr[0].fileId)// Unsorted array is 14
print("Unsorted array is",arr[1].fileId)// Unsorted array is 13
在Swift 4.1和4.2中，用于排序使用
let sortedArr = arr.sorted { (id1, id2) -> Bool in
return id1.fileId < id2.fileId // Use > for Descending order
}
如果您想对自定义对象的原始数组进行排序。在Swift 2.1中有另一种方法
var myCustomerArray = [Customer]()
myCustomerArray.sortInPlace {(customer1:Customer, customer2:Customer) -> Bool in
customer1.id < customer2.id
}
其中id为整数。您也可以对String属性使用相同的<操作符。
你可以通过下面的例子了解更多关于它的用法: Swift2:附近的顾客
斯威夫特3、4、5所示
struct imageFile {
var fileName = String()
var fileID = Int()
}
//append objects like this
var arrImages = [imageFile]()
arrImages.append(.init(fileName: "Hello1.png", fileID: 1))
arrImages.append(.init(fileName: "Hello3.png", fileID: 3))
arrImages.append(.init(fileName: "Hello2.png",fileID: 2))
//array sorting using below code
let sortImagesArr = arrImages.sorted(by: {$0.fileID < $1.fileID})
print(sortImagesArr)
//output
imageFile(fileName: "Hello1.png", fileID: 1),
imageFile(fileName: "Hello2.png", fileID: 2),
imageFile(fileName: "Hello3.png", fileID: 3)
