如果源文件是一个xml文件，就像这个示例一样

<pa:Process xmlns:pa="http://sssss">
        <pa:firsttag>SAMPLE</pa:firsttag>
    </pa:Process>

您可以尝试下面的代码

from lxml import etree, objectify
metadata = 'C:\\Users\\PROCS.xml' # this is sample xml file the contents are shown above
parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text=True) # this line removes the  name space from the xml in this sample the name space is --> http://sssss
tree = etree.parse(metadata, parser) # this line parses the xml file which is PROCS.xml
root = tree.getroot() # we get the root of xml which is process and iterate using a for loop
for elem in root.getiterator():
    if not hasattr(elem.tag, 'find'): continue  # (1)
    i = elem.tag.find('}')
    if i >= 0:
        elem.tag = elem.tag[i+1:]

dict={}  # a python dictionary is declared
for elem in tree.iter(): #iterating through the xml tree using a for loop
    if elem.tag =="firsttag": # if the tag name matches the name that is equated then the text in the tag is stored into the dictionary
        dict["FIRST_TAG"]=str(elem.text)
        print(dict)

输出将是

{'FIRST_TAG': 'SAMPLE'}

xml.etree.ElementTree vs. lxml

下面是两个最常用的库的一些优点，在进行选择之前，我应该了解它们。

xml.etree.ElementTree:

来自标准库:不需要安装任何模块

lxml

轻松编写XML声明:例如，您是否需要添加standalone="no"? 漂亮的打印:无需额外代码就可以得到漂亮的缩进XML。 Objectify功能:它允许您像处理普通的Python对象hierarchy.node一样使用XML。 sourceline允许您轻松地获取正在使用的XML元素的行。 您还可以使用内置的XSD模式检查器。

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
data = '''<foo>
           <bar>
               <type foobar="1"/>
               <type foobar="2"/>
          </bar>
       </foo>'''
tree = ET.fromstring(data)
lst = tree.findall('bar/type')
for item in lst:
    print item.get('foobar')

这将打印foobar属性的值。

如果源文件是一个xml文件，就像这个示例一样

<pa:Process xmlns:pa="http://sssss">
        <pa:firsttag>SAMPLE</pa:firsttag>
    </pa:Process>

您可以尝试下面的代码

from lxml import etree, objectify
metadata = 'C:\\Users\\PROCS.xml' # this is sample xml file the contents are shown above
parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text=True) # this line removes the  name space from the xml in this sample the name space is --> http://sssss
tree = etree.parse(metadata, parser) # this line parses the xml file which is PROCS.xml
root = tree.getroot() # we get the root of xml which is process and iterate using a for loop
for elem in root.getiterator():
    if not hasattr(elem.tag, 'find'): continue  # (1)
    i = elem.tag.find('}')
    if i >= 0:
        elem.tag = elem.tag[i+1:]

dict={}  # a python dictionary is declared
for elem in tree.iter(): #iterating through the xml tree using a for loop
    if elem.tag =="firsttag": # if the tag name matches the name that is equated then the text in the tag is stored into the dictionary
        dict["FIRST_TAG"]=str(elem.text)
        print(dict)

输出将是

{'FIRST_TAG': 'SAMPLE'}

这里有一个使用cElementTree的非常简单但有效的代码。

try:
    import cElementTree as ET
except ImportError:
  try:
    # Python 2.5 need to import a different module
    import xml.etree.cElementTree as ET
  except ImportError:
    exit_err("Failed to import cElementTree from any known place")      

def find_in_tree(tree, node):
    found = tree.find(node)
    if found == None:
        print "No %s in file" % node
        found = []
    return found  

# Parse a xml file (specify the path)
def_file = "xml_file_name.xml"
try:
    dom = ET.parse(open(def_file, "r"))
    root = dom.getroot()
except:
    exit_err("Unable to open and parse input definition file: " + def_file)

# Parse to find the child nodes list of node 'myNode'
fwdefs = find_in_tree(root,"myNode")

这是来自“python xml解析”。

Python有一个到expat XML解析器的接口。

xml.parsers.expat

它是一个非验证解析器，因此不会捕获糟糕的XML。但如果你知道你的文件是正确的，那么这就很好了，你可能会得到你想要的确切信息，你可以丢弃其余的。

stringofxml = """<foo>
    <bar>
        <type arg="value" />
        <type arg="value" />
        <type arg="value" />
    </bar>
    <bar>
        <type arg="value" />
    </bar>
</foo>"""
count = 0
def start(name, attr):
    global count
    if name == 'type':
        count += 1

p = expat.ParserCreate()
p.StartElementHandler = start
p.Parse(stringofxml)

print count # prints 4