汇编编程比高级语言(如c)花费更长的时间,更难编程,这似乎是一种主流观点。因此,出于这些原因以及更好的可移植性,似乎建议或假设用高级语言编写更好。

最近我一直在用x86汇编语言写作,我开始意识到这些原因可能都不是真的,除了可移植性。也许这更多的是一个熟悉的问题,知道如何写好汇编。我还注意到在汇编中编程与在HLL中编程有很大的不同。也许一个好的、有经验的汇编程序员可以像一个有经验的C程序员用C写程序一样轻松、快速地编写程序。

也许是因为汇编编程与hll有很大的不同,因此需要不同的思维、方法和方式,这使得对不熟悉的人编写程序看起来非常尴尬,因此给汇编编程带来了不好的名声。

如果可移植性不是问题,那么C语言比NASM这样的优秀汇编器有什么优势呢?

编辑: 我只是想指出。当你用汇编语言写作时,你不必只写指令代码。您可以使用宏、过程和您自己的约定来进行各种抽象,使程序更模块化、更可维护、更易于阅读。这就是熟悉如何编写好的汇编的原因。


当前回答

除了其他人对可读性、可维护性、更短的代码从而更少的错误和更简单的回答之外,我还将添加一个额外的原因:

程序的速度。

Yes, in assembly you can hand tune your code to make use of every last cycle and make it as fast as is physically possible. However who has the time? If you write a not-completely-stupid C program, the compiler will do a really good job of optimizing for you. Probably making at least 95% of the optimizations you'd do by hand, without you having to worry about keeping track of any of it. There's definitely a 90/10 kind of rule here, where that last 5% of optimizations will end up taking up 95% of your time. So why bother?

其他回答

与高级语言相比,ASM的易读性很差,而且实际上难以维护。

此外,ASM开发人员比其他更流行的语言(如C)要少得多。

此外,如果您使用高级语言,并且有新的ASM指令可用(例如SSE),您只需要更新您的编译器,您的旧代码就可以轻松使用新的指令。

如果下一个CPU有两倍多的寄存器呢?

这个问题的反义词是:编译器提供了什么功能?

我怀疑你能够/想要/应该比gcc -O3更好地优化你的ASM。

除了其他人对可读性、可维护性、更短的代码从而更少的错误和更简单的回答之外,我还将添加一个额外的原因:

程序的速度。

Yes, in assembly you can hand tune your code to make use of every last cycle and make it as fast as is physically possible. However who has the time? If you write a not-completely-stupid C program, the compiler will do a really good job of optimizing for you. Probably making at least 95% of the optimizations you'd do by hand, without you having to worry about keeping track of any of it. There's definitely a 90/10 kind of rule here, where that last 5% of optimizations will end up taking up 95% of your time. So why bother?

正如其他人之前提到的,任何工具存在的原因都是它的工作效率。由于hll可以完成与许多行asm代码相同的工作,我想汇编被其他语言取代是很自然的。对于接近硬件的操作——有C语言的内联汇编和每种语言的其他变体。 保罗·卡特博士在PC汇编语言中说

"...更好地理解如何 计算机实际上是在较低的水平上工作的 而不是编程语言 帕斯卡。通过获得更深层次的 了解计算机的工作原理, 读者通常可以做得更多 生产开发软件 高级语言,如C和 c++。学习汇编编程 语言是一种极好的方法 实现这个目标。”

在我的大学课程中有装配入门。这将有助于理清概念。然而,我怀疑我们中是否有人会用汇编编写90%的代码。今天深入的组装知识有多大的相关性?

你好,我是一个编译器。

I just scanned thousands of lines of code while you were reading this sentence. I browsed through millions of possibilities of optimizing a single line of yours using hundreds of different optimization techniques based on a vast amount of academic research that you would spend years getting at. I won't feel any embarrassment, not even a slight ick, when I convert a three-line loop to thousands of instructions just to make it faster. I have no shame to go to great lengths of optimization or to do the dirtiest tricks. And if you don't want me to, maybe for a day or two, I'll behave and do it the way you like. I can transform the methods I'm using whenever you want, without even changing a single line of your code. I can even show you how your code would look in assembly, on different processor architectures and different operating systems and in different assembly conventions if you'd like. Yes, all in seconds. Because, you know, I can; and you know, you can't.

附言:哦,顺便说一下,你没有使用你写的一半代码。我帮了你一个忙,把它扔了。

因为事情总是这样:时间流逝,美好的东西也会消逝:(

但是当你编写asm代码时,这与编写高级语言的感觉完全不同,尽管你知道它的效率要低得多。这就像你是一个画家:你可以自由地画任何你喜欢的东西,完全没有限制(嗯,只有CPU的功能)……这就是我喜欢它的原因。很遗憾这种语言消失了。但只要有人还记得它并对它进行编码,它就永远不会消亡!