我只能回答为什么我个人不经常用汇编编写程序，主要原因是这样做比较乏味。此外，我认为在没有立即注意到的情况下，更容易把事情搞砸。例如，你可能在一个例程中改变了使用寄存器的方式，但在另一个地方却忘记了这一点。它会很好地组装起来，直到很久以后你才会注意到。

也就是说，我确实认为组装仍然有有效的用途。例如，我有许多非常优化的汇编例程来处理大量数据，使用SIMD并遵循偏执的“每一个比特都是神圣的”[引用V.Stob]方法。(但请注意，简单的程序集实现通常比编译器为您生成的要糟糕得多。)

不同之处在于，汇编程序是一门代码的艺术，是一幅出自艺术家之手的好画。你比蹩脚的编译器代码聪明吗?如果你是，使用它或照顾你的绘画与c和汇编一起。

合理水平的汇编能力是一项有用的技能，特别是当您从事任何类型的系统级或嵌入式编程时，这并不是因为您必须编写那么多汇编程序，而是因为有时了解盒子的实际功能非常重要。如果您对汇编程序的概念和问题没有低级的理解，这可能会非常困难。

然而，至于在汇编器中实际编写大量代码，有几个原因导致它做得不多。

There's simply no (almost) need. Except for something like the very early system initialization and perhaps a few assembler fragments hidden in C functions or macros, all very low-level code that might once have been written in assembler can be written in C or C++ with no difficulty. Code in higher-level languages (even C and C++) condenses functionality into far fewer lines, and there is considerable research showing that the number of bugs correlates with the number of lines of source code. Ie, the same problem, solved in assembler and C, will have more bugs in assembler simply because its longer. The same argument motivates the move to higher level languages such as Perl, Python, etc. Writing in assembler, you have to deal with every single aspect of the problem, from detailed memory layout, instruction selection, algorithm choices, stack management, etc. Higher level languages take all this away from you, which is why are so much denser in terms of LOC.

从本质上讲，以上所有内容都与汇编程序与C或其他语言中可用的抽象级别有关。汇编程序迫使您自己制作所有的抽象，并通过您自己的自律来维护它们，而任何中级语言，如C，特别是高级语言，都可以为您提供开箱即用的抽象，以及相对容易地创建新抽象的能力。

除了其他人对可读性、可维护性、更短的代码从而更少的错误和更简单的回答之外，我还将添加一个额外的原因:

程序的速度。

Yes, in assembly you can hand tune your code to make use of every last cycle and make it as fast as is physically possible. However who has the time? If you write a not-completely-stupid C program, the compiler will do a really good job of optimizing for you. Probably making at least 95% of the optimizations you'd do by hand, without you having to worry about keeping track of any of it. There's definitely a 90/10 kind of rule here, where that last 5% of optimizations will end up taking up 95% of your time. So why bother?

作为一名大部分时间都在嵌入式编程领域工作的开发人员，我认为汇编语言还远远没有成为一种死亡/过时的语言。有某种接近金属级别的编码(例如，在驱动程序中)有时不能用高级语言准确或有效地表达。我们几乎所有的硬件接口例程都是用汇编程序编写的。

That being said, this assembly code is wrapped such that it can be called from C code and is treated like a library. We don't write the entire program in assembly for many reasons. First and foremost is portability; our code base is used on several products that use different architectures and we want to maximize the amount of code that can be shared between them. Second is developer familiarity. Simply put, schools don't teach assembly like they used to, and our developers are far more productive in C than in assembly. Also, we have a wide variety of "extras" (things like libraries, debuggers, static analysis tools, etc) available for our C code that aren't available for assembly language code. Even if we wanted to write a pure-assembly program, we would not be able to because several critical hardware libraries are only available as C libs. In one sense, it's a chicken/egg problem. People are driven away from assembly because there aren't as many libraries and development/debug tools available for it, but the libs/tools don't exist because not enough people use assembly to warrant the effort creating them.

最后，任何语言都有适用的时间和地点。人们使用他们最熟悉和最有成效的东西。在程序员的程序库中可能总会有汇编的位置，但是大多数程序员会发现他们可以用一种高级语言编写代码，这种语言在更少的时间内几乎同样高效。

C语言优于一个好的宏汇编器的地方是C语言类型检查。循环结构。自动栈管理。(几乎)自动变量管理。动态内存技术在汇编是一个巨大的痛苦在屁股。与C或更好的foo.insert()列表相比，正确地执行链表是非常可怕的。还有调试——嗯，谁更容易调试谁也不存在争议。他们在那儿轻而易举就赢了。

我几乎一半的职业生涯都是用汇编程序编写的，这让我很容易用汇编程序思考。它帮助我了解C编译器在做什么，这再次帮助我编写C编译器可以有效处理的代码。用C编写的一个经过深思熟虑的例程可以在汇编程序中输出你想要的东西——而且它是可移植的!由于跨平台的原因，我已经不得不将一些旧的asm例程重写回C，这并不有趣。

不，我将坚持使用C，并处理与使用HLL获得的生产时间相比偶尔出现的轻微性能放缓。