假设我有这样的PHP代码:

$FooBar = "a string";

然后我需要一个这样的函数:

print_var_name($FooBar);

打印:

FooBar

有什么想法如何实现这一点?这在PHP中可能吗?


当前回答

net上的Lucas提供了一种可靠的方法来检查变量是否存在。在他的示例中,他遍历变量的全局变量数组(或作用域数组)的副本,将值更改为随机生成的值,并在复制的数组中检查生成的值。

function variable_name( &$var, $scope=false, $prefix='UNIQUE', $suffix='VARIABLE' ){
    if($scope) {
        $vals = $scope;
    } else {
        $vals = $GLOBALS;
    }
    $old = $var;
    $var = $new = $prefix.rand().$suffix;
    $vname = FALSE;
    foreach($vals as $key => $val) {
        if($val === $new) $vname = $key;
    }
    $var = $old;
    return $vname;
}

然后尝试:

$a = 'asdf';
$b = 'asdf';
$c = FALSE;
$d = FALSE;

echo variable_name($a); // a
echo variable_name($b); // b
echo variable_name($c); // c
echo variable_name($d); // d

一定要查看他在PHP.net上的帖子:http://php.net/manual/en/language.variables.php

其他回答

似乎没有人提到这是a)困难和b)不明智的根本原因:

A "variable" is just a symbol pointing at something else. In PHP, it internally points to something called a "zval", which can actually be used for multiple variables simultaneously, either because they have the same value (PHP implements something called "copy-on-write" so that $foo = $bar doesn't need to allocate extra memory straight away) or because they have been assigned (or passed to a function) by reference (e.g. $foo =& $bar). So a zval has no name. When you pass a parameter to a function you are creating a new variable (even if it's a reference). You could pass something anonymous, like "hello", but once inside your function, it's whatever variable you name it as. This is fairly fundamental to code separation: if a function relied on what a variable used to be called, it would be more like a goto than a properly separate function. Global variables are generally considered a bad idea. A lot of the examples here assume that the variable you want to "reflect" can be found in $GLOBALS, but this will only be true if you've structured your code badly and variables aren't scoped to some function or object. Variable names are there to help programmers read their code. Renaming variables to better suit their purpose is a very common refactoring practice, and the whole point is that it doesn't make any difference.

现在,我理解这种调试的愿望(尽管一些建议的用法远远超出了这一点),但作为一种通用的解决方案,它实际上并没有你想象的那么有用:如果你的调试函数说你的变量是“$file”,那仍然可能是你代码中数十个“$file”变量中的任何一个,或者一个你称为“$filename”的变量,但传递给一个参数为“$file”的函数。

更有用的信息是在代码中调用调试函数的位置。因为你可以在你的编辑器中快速找到它,你可以看到你为自己输出的变量,甚至可以一次性将整个表达式传递给它(例如debug('$foo + $bar = ')。($foo + $bar))。

为此,你可以在调试函数的顶部使用这段代码:

$backtrace = debug_backtrace();
echo '# Debug function called from ' . $backtrace[0]['file'] . ' at line ' . $backtrace[0]['line'];

我真的看不出用例……如果你将输入print_var_name($foobar)什么那么难(和不同)输入打印(“foobar”)代替?

因为即使你要在函数中使用这个,你也会得到变量的本地名称…

无论如何,这是反射手册,以防你需要什么。

我就是这么做的

function getVar(&$var) {
    $tmp = $var; // store the variable value
    $var = '_$_%&33xc$%^*7_r4'; // give the variable a new unique value
    $name = array_search($var, $GLOBALS); // search $GLOBALS for that unique value and return the key(variable)
    $var = $tmp; // restore the variable old value
    return $name;
}

使用

$city  = "San Francisco";
echo getVar($city); // city

注意:一些PHP 7版本将不能正常工作,因为array_search与$GLOBALS的错误,但所有其他版本都可以正常工作。

请看这个https://3v4l.org/UMW7V

它可能被认为是快速和肮脏的,但我个人倾向于使用这样的函数/方法:

public function getVarName($var) {      
  $tmp = array($var => '');
  $keys = array_keys($tmp);
  return trim($keys[0]);
}

基本上,它只是创建一个包含一个空/空元素的关联数组,使用需要名称的变量作为键。

然后使用array_keys获取该键的值并返回。

显然,这很快就会变得混乱,在生产环境中不可取,但它可以解决所提出的问题。

我也想不出有效的方法但我想到了这个。对于下面的有限用途,它是有效的。

耸耸肩

<?php

function varName( $v ) {
    $trace = debug_backtrace();
    $vLine = file( __FILE__ );
    $fLine = $vLine[ $trace[0]['line'] - 1 ];
    preg_match( "#\\$(\w+)#", $fLine, $match );
    print_r( $match );
}

$foo = "knight";
$bar = array( 1, 2, 3 );
$baz = 12345;

varName( $foo );
varName( $bar );
varName( $baz );

?>

// Returns
Array
(
    [0] => $foo
    [1] => foo
)
Array
(
    [0] => $bar
    [1] => bar
)
Array
(
    [0] => $baz
    [1] => baz
)

它基于调用函数的行来工作,在那里它可以找到传入的参数。我认为它可以扩展到多个参数,但是,就像其他人说的,如果你能更好地解释情况,另一个解决方案可能会更好。