我需要一个简单的解决方案。我知道这和其他一些问题类似，比如:
固定标题和固定列的HTML表? 我如何锁定表的第一行和第一列时滚动，可能使用JavaScript和CSS?
但我只需要一个单独的左列被冻结，我更喜欢一个简单的和无脚本的解决方案。
当前回答
我改进了断路器的例子，原来的例子代码将动摇固定列，因为表有填充，我使用边界崩溃:崩溃禁用它
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<!--mobile friendly-->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=yes">
<style>
.view {
margin: auto;
width: 600px;
}
.wrapper {
position: relative;
overflow: auto;
border: 1px solid black;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.sticky-col {
position: -webkit-sticky;
position: sticky;
background-color: white;
}
.first-col {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
left: 0;
}
.second-col {
left: 200px;
}
.col {
width: 200px;
min-width: 200px;
max-width: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="view">
<div class="wrapper">
<table class="table" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
<colgroup>
<col class="col"/>
<col class="col"/>
<col class="col"/>
<col class="col"/>
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="sticky-col first-col">Number</th>
<th class="sticky-col second-col">First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Employer</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="sticky-col first-col">1</td>
<td class="sticky-col second-col">Mark</td>
<td>Ham</td>
<td>Micro</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="sticky-col first-col">2</td>
<td class="sticky-col second-col">Jacob</td>
<td>Smith</td>
<td>Adob Adob Adob AdobAdob Adob Adob Adob Adob</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="sticky-col first-col">3</td>
<td class="sticky-col second-col">Larry</td>
<td>Wen</td>
<td>Goog Goog Goog GoogGoog Goog Goog Goog Goog Goog</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
其他回答
我没有检查这个问题的每个答案，但在分析了大部分答案后，我发现在单元格或头部的多行数据情况下，设计会失败。我使用Javascript来解决这个问题。我希望有人觉得这有帮助。
https://codepen.io/kushagrarora/pen/zeYaoY
var freezeTables = document.getElementsByClassName("freeze-pane"); [].forEach.call(freezeTables, ftable => { var wrapper = document.createElement("div"); wrapper.className = "freeze-pane-wrapper"; var scroll = document.createElement("div"); scroll.className = "freeze-pane-scroll"; wrapper.appendChild(scroll); ftable.parentNode.replaceChild(wrapper, ftable); scroll.appendChild(ftable); var heads = ftable.querySelectorAll("th:first-child"); let maxWidth = 0; [].forEach.call(heads, head => { var w = window .getComputedStyle(head) .getPropertyValue("width") .split("px")[0]; if (Number(w) > Number(maxWidth)) maxWidth = w; }); ftable.parentElement.style.marginLeft = maxWidth + "px"; ftable.parentElement.style.width = "calc(100% - " + maxWidth + "px)"; [].forEach.call(heads, head => { head.style.width = maxWidth + "px"; var restRowHeight = window .getComputedStyle(head.nextElementSibling) .getPropertyValue("height"); var headHeight = window.getComputedStyle(head).getPropertyValue("height"); if (headHeight > restRowHeight) head.nextElementSibling.style.height = headHeight; else head.style.height = restRowHeight; }); }); @import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans"); * { font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; } .container { width: 400px; height: 90vh; border: 1px solid black; overflow: hidden; } table, th, td { border: 1px solid #eee; } .table { width: 100%; margin-bottom: 1rem; table-layout: fixed; border-collapse: collapse; } .freeze-pane-wrapper { position: relative; } .freeze-pane-scroll { overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: visible; } .freeze-pane th:first-child { position: absolute; background-color: pink; left: 0; top: auto; max-width: 40%; } <div class="container"> <table class="freeze-pane"> <tbody> <tr> <th> <p>Model</p> </th> <th> <p>Mercedes Benz AMG C43 4dr</p> </th> <th> <p>Audi S4 Premium 4dr</p> </th> <th> <p>BMW 440i 4dr sedan</p> </th> </tr> <tr> <th> <p>Passenger capacity</p> </th> <td> <p>5</p> </td> <td> <p>5</p> </td> <td> <p>5</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th> <p>Front (Head/Shoulder/Leg) (In.)</p> </th> <td> <p>37.1/55.3/41.7</p> </td> <td> <p>38.9/55.9/41.3</p> </td> <td> <p>39.9/54.8/42.2</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th> <p>Second (Head/Shoulder/Leg) (In.)</p> </th> <td> <p>37.1/55.5/35.2</p> </td> <td> <p>37.4/54.5/35.7</p> </td> <td> <p>36.9/54.3/33.7</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>
注意:“container”div只是为了演示代码与mobile-view兼容。
下面是对最流行答案的另一种修改，但在第一列标签中处理了可变长度的文本: http://jsfiddle.net/ozx56n41/
基本上，我用第二列来创建行高，就像前面提到的。但我的小提琴实际上不像上面提到的那样。
HTML:
<div id="outerdiv">
<div id="innerdiv">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="headcol"><div>This is a long label</div></td>
<td class="hiddenheadcol"><div>This is a long label</div></td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="headcol"><div>Short label</div></td>
<td class="hiddenheadcol"><div>Short label</div></td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
CSS:
body {
font: 16px Calibri;
}
#outerdiv {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
width: 100%;
border-top: 1px solid grey;
}
#innerdiv {
overflow-x: scroll;
margin-left: 100px;
overflow-y: visible;
padding-bottom: 1px;
}
table {
border-collapse:separate;
}
td {
margin: 0;
border: 1px solid grey;
border-top-width: 0;
border-left-width: 0px;
padding: 10px;
}
td.headcol {
/* Frozen 1st column */
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: auto;
border-bottom-width: 1px;
padding: 0;
border-left-width: 1px;
}
td.hiddenheadcol {
/* Hidden 2nd column to create height */
max-width: 0;
visibility: hidden;
padding: 0;
}
td.headcol div {
/* Text container in the 1st column */
width: 100px;
max-width: 100px;
background: lightblue;
padding: 10px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
td.hiddenheadcol div {
/* Text container in the 2nd column */
width: 100px;
max-width: 100px;
background: red;
padding: 10px;
}
td.long {
background:yellow;
letter-spacing:1em;
}
对于2017年之后发布的大多数浏览器:
你可以使用位置:粘性。= css-sticky看到https://caniuse.com/壮举。
不需要固定宽度的列。
运行下面的代码片段，看看它的工作原理。
.tscroll { width: 400px; overflow-x: scroll; margin-bottom: 10px; border: solid black 1px; } .tscroll table td:first-child { position: sticky; left: 0; background-color: #ddd; } .tscroll td, .tscroll th { border-bottom: dashed #888 1px; } <html> <div class="tscroll"> <table> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th colspan="5">Heading 1</th> <th colspan="8">Heading 2</th> <th colspan="4">Heading 3</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>9:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>10:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>11:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>12:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>13:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>14:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>15:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>16:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>17:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>
如果你不想过多地触碰你现在的桌子，你可以在桌子前面做一个假的固定列。
这个例子展示了一种不使用JS的方法
table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; border: 1px solid #ddd; min-width: 600px; } .labels { display:flex; flex-direction: column } .overflow { overflow-x: scroll; min width: 400px; flex: 1; } .label { display: flex; align-items: center; white-space:nowrap; padding: 10px; flex: 1; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd; border-right: 2px solid #ddd; } .label:last-of-type { overflow-x: scroll; border-bottom: 0; } td { border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 10px; } .flex { display:flex; max-width: 600px; padding: 0; border: 5px solid #ddd; } <div class="flex"> <div class="labels"> <span class="label">Label 1</span> <span class="label">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</span> <span class="label">Lorem ipsum dolor.</span> </div> <div class="overflow"> <table> <tr> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> </tr> </table> </div> </div>
如果您正在开发一些更复杂的东西，并且希望多个列固定/固定在左边，您可能需要这样的东西。
.wrapper { overflow-x: scroll; } td { min-width: 50px; } .fixed { position: absolute; background: #aaa; } <div class="content" style="width: 400px"> <div class="wrapper" style="margin-left: 100px"> <table> <thead> <tr> <th class="fixed" style="left: 0px">aaa</th> <th class="fixed" style="left: 50px">aaa2</th> <th>a</th> <th>b</th> <th>c</th> <th>d</th> <th>e</th> <th>f</th> <th>a</th> <th>b</th> <th>c</th> <th>d</th> <th>e</th> <th>f</th> <th>a</th> <th>b</th> <th>c</th> <th>d</th> <th>e</th> <th>f</th> <th>a</th> <th>b</th> <th>c</th> <th>d</th> <th>e</th> <th>f</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td class="fixed" style="left: 0px">aaa</td> <td class="fixed" style="left: 50px">aaa2</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="fixed" style="left: 0">bbb</td> <td class="fixed" style="left: 50px">bbb2</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div>
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