这里似乎有很多旧的答案，所以我只是想发布Swift团队的官方回应。Swift向后兼容OS X Mavericks和iOS 7

苹果开发者swift博客:Objective-C id为swift Any

2014年7月11日

兼容性

我们在WWDC上听到的最常见的问题之一是，“Swift的兼容性故事是什么?”这似乎是一个很好的第一个话题。

App Compatibility Simply put, if you write a Swift app today and submit it to the App Store this Fall when iOS 8 and OS X Yosemite are released, you can trust that your app will work well into the future. In fact, you can target back to OS X Mavericks or iOS 7 with that same app. This is possible because Xcode embeds a small Swift runtime library within your app’s bundle. Because the library is embedded, your app uses a consistent version of Swift that runs on past, present, and future OS releases.

试试下面的代码:

它在没有StoryBoard的情况下工作:

func application(application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: NSDictionary?) -> Bool {
    self.window = UIWindow(frame: UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds)
    self.window!.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()

    // Create a nav/vc pair using the custom ViewController class

    let nav = UINavigationController()
    let vc = ViewController(nibName: "ViewController", bundle: nil)

    // Push the vc onto the nav
    nav.pushViewController(vc, animated: false)

    // Set the window’s root view controller
    self.window!.rootViewController = nav

    // Present the window
    self.window!.makeKeyAndVisible()
    return true
}

是的，事实上苹果已经宣布Swift应用程序将向后兼容iOS 7和OS X Mavericks。此外，WWDC应用程序是用Swift编程语言编写的。

虽然代码证实了这一点，但苹果自己在WWDC 2014的技术主题演讲(平台状态，102次会议，大约34分00秒)中表示，Swift将在iOS 7和Mavericks上兼容。

说到Swift框架。 截至目前，在Xcode 6.1.1 (6A2008a)版本中，如果Swift框架针对iOS 7.1，链接器报告警告

ld: warning: embedded dylibs/frameworks only run on iOS 8 or later.

并且应用程序无法提交到AppStore。检查这个问题:Lint阻止动态库和框架在iOS 7中传递

我还尝试了10.8上一个非常简单的应用程序(一个按钮，设置标签上的文本)。它在启动时崩溃了，正如Greg Parker所说:

Dyld Error Message:
  Symbol not found: __dispatch_source_type_memorypressure
  Referenced from: /Volumes/*/SwifTest.app/Contents/MacOS/../Frameworks/libswiftDispatch.dylib
  Expected in: /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
in /Volumes/*/SwifTest.app/Contents/MacOS/../Frameworks/libswiftDispatch.dylib

(这是使用10.7的部署目标)