考虑如下方法签名:

public String myFunction(String abc);

Mockito可以帮助返回与方法接收到的字符串相同的字符串吗?


当前回答

自Mockito 1.9.5+和Java 8以来+

可以使用lambda表达式,例如:

when(myMock.myFunction(anyString())).thenAnswer(i -> i.getArguments()[0]);

其中i是InvocationOnMock的实例。

对于旧版本

您可以在Mockito中创建答案。让我们假设,我们有一个名为MyInterface的接口,其方法为myFunction。

public interface MyInterface {
    public String myFunction(String abc);
}

以下是带有Mockito答案的测试方法:

public void testMyFunction() throws Exception {
    MyInterface mock = mock(MyInterface.class);
    when(mock.myFunction(anyString())).thenAnswer(new Answer<String>() {
    @Override
    public String answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
        Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
        return (String) args[0];
    }
    });

    assertEquals("someString",mock.myFunction("someString"));
    assertEquals("anotherString",mock.myFunction("anotherString"));
}

其他回答

使用Java 8,Steve的答案可以变成

public void testMyFunction() throws Exception {
    Application mock = mock(Application.class);
    when(mock.myFunction(anyString())).thenAnswer(
    invocation -> {
        Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
        return args[0];
    });

    assertEquals("someString", mock.myFunction("someString"));
    assertEquals("anotherString", mock.myFunction("anotherString"));
}

编辑:更短:

public void testMyFunction() throws Exception {
    Application mock = mock(Application.class);
    when(mock.myFunction(anyString())).thenAnswer(
        invocation -> invocation.getArgument(0));

    assertEquals("someString", mock.myFunction("someString"));
    assertEquals("anotherString", mock.myFunction("anotherString"));
}

使用Java 8,即使使用旧版本的Mockito,也可以创建一个单行答案:

when(myMock.myFunction(anyString()).then(i -> i.getArgumentAt(0, String.class));

当然,这并不像大卫·华莱士(David Wallace)建议的使用AdditionalAnswers那样有用,但如果您想“动态”转换论点,这可能会有用。

我有一个非常类似的问题。目标是模拟一个持久化对象并可以按名称返回对象的服务。服务如下所示:

public class RoomService {
    public Room findByName(String roomName) {...}
    public void persist(Room room) {...}
}

服务模拟使用映射来存储Room实例。

RoomService roomService = mock(RoomService.class);
final Map<String, Room> roomMap = new HashMap<String, Room>();

// mock for method persist
doAnswer(new Answer<Void>() {
    @Override
    public Void answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
        Object[] arguments = invocation.getArguments();
        if (arguments != null && arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] != null) {
            Room room = (Room) arguments[0];
            roomMap.put(room.getName(), room);
        }
        return null;
    }
}).when(roomService).persist(any(Room.class));

// mock for method findByName
when(roomService.findByName(anyString())).thenAnswer(new Answer<Room>() {
    @Override
    public Room answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
        Object[] arguments = invocation.getArguments();
        if (arguments != null && arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] != null) {
            String key = (String) arguments[0];
            if (roomMap.containsKey(key)) {
                return roomMap.get(key);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
});

我们现在可以在这个模拟上运行测试了。例如:

String name = "room";
Room room = new Room(name);
roomService.persist(room);
assertThat(roomService.findByName(name), equalTo(room));
assertNull(roomService.findByName("none"));

我使用了类似的方法(基本上是相同的方法)。有时,让模拟对象返回某些输入的预定义输出是有用的。这是这样的:

private Hashtable<InputObject,  OutputObject> table = new Hashtable<InputObject, OutputObject>();
table.put(input1, ouput1);
table.put(input2, ouput2);

...

when(mockObject.method(any(InputObject.class))).thenAnswer(
       new Answer<OutputObject>()
       {
           @Override
           public OutputObject answer(final InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable
           {
               InputObject input = (InputObject) invocation.getArguments()[0];
               if (table.containsKey(input))
               {
                   return table.get(input);
               }
               else
               {
                   return null; // alternatively, you could throw an exception
               }
           }
       }
       );

您可以通过使用ArgumentCaptor实现这一点

假设您有这样的bean函数。

public interface Application {
  public String myFunction(String abc);
}

然后在测试课中:

//Use ArgumentCaptor to capture the value
ArgumentCaptor<String> param = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(String.class);


when(mock.myFunction(param.capture())).thenAnswer(new Answer<String>() {
    @Override
    public String answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
      return param.getValue();//return the captured value.
    }
  });

或者,如果你喜欢lambda,只需:

//Use ArgumentCaptor to capture the value
ArgumentCaptor<String> param = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(String.class);


when(mock.myFunction(param.capture()))
    .thenAnswer((invocation) -> param.getValue());

摘要:使用argumentcaptor捕获传递的参数。稍后在回答中返回使用getValue捕获的值。