考虑如下方法签名:

public String myFunction(String abc);

Mockito可以帮助返回与方法接收到的字符串相同的字符串吗?


当前回答

我使用了类似的方法(基本上是相同的方法)。有时,让模拟对象返回某些输入的预定义输出是有用的。这是这样的:

private Hashtable<InputObject,  OutputObject> table = new Hashtable<InputObject, OutputObject>();
table.put(input1, ouput1);
table.put(input2, ouput2);

...

when(mockObject.method(any(InputObject.class))).thenAnswer(
       new Answer<OutputObject>()
       {
           @Override
           public OutputObject answer(final InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable
           {
               InputObject input = (InputObject) invocation.getArguments()[0];
               if (table.containsKey(input))
               {
                   return table.get(input);
               }
               else
               {
                   return null; // alternatively, you could throw an exception
               }
           }
       }
       );

其他回答

我有一个非常类似的问题。目标是模拟一个持久化对象并可以按名称返回对象的服务。服务如下所示:

public class RoomService {
    public Room findByName(String roomName) {...}
    public void persist(Room room) {...}
}

服务模拟使用映射来存储Room实例。

RoomService roomService = mock(RoomService.class);
final Map<String, Room> roomMap = new HashMap<String, Room>();

// mock for method persist
doAnswer(new Answer<Void>() {
    @Override
    public Void answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
        Object[] arguments = invocation.getArguments();
        if (arguments != null && arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] != null) {
            Room room = (Room) arguments[0];
            roomMap.put(room.getName(), room);
        }
        return null;
    }
}).when(roomService).persist(any(Room.class));

// mock for method findByName
when(roomService.findByName(anyString())).thenAnswer(new Answer<Room>() {
    @Override
    public Room answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
        Object[] arguments = invocation.getArguments();
        if (arguments != null && arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] != null) {
            String key = (String) arguments[0];
            if (roomMap.containsKey(key)) {
                return roomMap.get(key);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
});

我们现在可以在这个模拟上运行测试了。例如:

String name = "room";
Room room = new Room(name);
roomService.persist(room);
assertThat(roomService.findByName(name), equalTo(room));
assertNull(roomService.findByName("none"));

自Mockito 1.9.5+和Java 8以来+

可以使用lambda表达式,例如:

when(myMock.myFunction(anyString())).thenAnswer(i -> i.getArguments()[0]);

其中i是InvocationOnMock的实例。

对于旧版本

您可以在Mockito中创建答案。让我们假设,我们有一个名为MyInterface的接口,其方法为myFunction。

public interface MyInterface {
    public String myFunction(String abc);
}

以下是带有Mockito答案的测试方法:

public void testMyFunction() throws Exception {
    MyInterface mock = mock(MyInterface.class);
    when(mock.myFunction(anyString())).thenAnswer(new Answer<String>() {
    @Override
    public String answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
        Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
        return (String) args[0];
    }
    });

    assertEquals("someString",mock.myFunction("someString"));
    assertEquals("anotherString",mock.myFunction("anotherString"));
}

这是一个很老的问题,但我认为仍然相关。此外,接受的答案仅适用于字符串。同时还有Mockito 2.1,一些进口已经改变,所以我想分享我目前的答案:

import static org.mockito.AdditionalAnswers.returnsFirstArg;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

@Mock
private MyClass myClass;

// this will return anything you pass, but it's pretty unrealistic
when(myClass.myFunction(any())).then(returnsFirstArg());
// it is more "life-like" to accept only the right type
when(myClass.myFunction(any(ClassOfArgument.class))).then(returnsFirstArg());

myClass.myFunction如下所示:

public class MyClass {
    public ClassOfArgument myFunction(ClassOfArgument argument){
        return argument;
    }  
}

我使用了类似的方法(基本上是相同的方法)。有时,让模拟对象返回某些输入的预定义输出是有用的。这是这样的:

private Hashtable<InputObject,  OutputObject> table = new Hashtable<InputObject, OutputObject>();
table.put(input1, ouput1);
table.put(input2, ouput2);

...

when(mockObject.method(any(InputObject.class))).thenAnswer(
       new Answer<OutputObject>()
       {
           @Override
           public OutputObject answer(final InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable
           {
               InputObject input = (InputObject) invocation.getArguments()[0];
               if (table.containsKey(input))
               {
                   return table.get(input);
               }
               else
               {
                   return null; // alternatively, you could throw an exception
               }
           }
       }
       );

这有点老了,但我来这里是因为我有同样的问题。我使用JUnit,但这次是在Kotlin应用程序中使用mock。我在这里发布了一个示例,以供参考,并与Java同行进行比较:

@Test
fun demo() {
  // mock a sample function
  val aMock: (String) -> (String) = mockk()

  // make it return the same as the argument on every invocation
  every {
    aMock.invoke(any())
  } answers {
    firstArg()
  }

  // test it
  assertEquals("senko", aMock.invoke("senko"))
  assertEquals("senko1", aMock.invoke("senko1"))
  assertNotEquals("not a senko", aMock.invoke("senko"))
}