我可以使用以下jQuery代码使用ajax请求的POST方法执行文件上载吗?

$.ajax({
    type: "POST",
    timeout: 50000,
    url: url,
    data: dataString,
    success: function (data) {
        alert('success');
        return false;
    }
});

如果可能,我需要填写数据部分吗?这是正确的方式吗?我只将文件POST到服务器端。

我一直在搜索,但我发现的是一个插件,而在我的计划中,我不想使用它。至少目前是这样。


当前回答

通过ajax上传文件不再需要Iframes。我最近自己做过。查看以下页面:

使用AJAX和jQuery上传HTML5文件

http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/FileAPI/#FileReader-界面

更新了答案并进行了清理。使用getSize函数检查大小或使用getType函数检查类型。添加了progressbar html和css代码。

var Upload = function (file) {
    this.file = file;
};

Upload.prototype.getType = function() {
    return this.file.type;
};
Upload.prototype.getSize = function() {
    return this.file.size;
};
Upload.prototype.getName = function() {
    return this.file.name;
};
Upload.prototype.doUpload = function () {
    var that = this;
    var formData = new FormData();

    // add assoc key values, this will be posts values
    formData.append("file", this.file, this.getName());
    formData.append("upload_file", true);

    $.ajax({
        type: "POST",
        url: "script",
        xhr: function () {
            var myXhr = $.ajaxSettings.xhr();
            if (myXhr.upload) {
                myXhr.upload.addEventListener('progress', that.progressHandling, false);
            }
            return myXhr;
        },
        success: function (data) {
            // your callback here
        },
        error: function (error) {
            // handle error
        },
        async: true,
        data: formData,
        cache: false,
        contentType: false,
        processData: false,
        timeout: 60000
    });
};

Upload.prototype.progressHandling = function (event) {
    var percent = 0;
    var position = event.loaded || event.position;
    var total = event.total;
    var progress_bar_id = "#progress-wrp";
    if (event.lengthComputable) {
        percent = Math.ceil(position / total * 100);
    }
    // update progressbars classes so it fits your code
    $(progress_bar_id + " .progress-bar").css("width", +percent + "%");
    $(progress_bar_id + " .status").text(percent + "%");
};

如何使用Upload类

//Change id to your id
$("#ingredient_file").on("change", function (e) {
    var file = $(this)[0].files[0];
    var upload = new Upload(file);

    // maby check size or type here with upload.getSize() and upload.getType()

    // execute upload
    upload.doUpload();
});

Progressbar html代码

<div id="progress-wrp">
    <div class="progress-bar"></div>
    <div class="status">0%</div>
</div>

Progressbar css代码

#progress-wrp {
  border: 1px solid #0099CC;
  padding: 1px;
  position: relative;
  height: 30px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  margin: 10px;
  text-align: left;
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: inset 1px 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

#progress-wrp .progress-bar {
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 3px;
  background-color: #f39ac7;
  width: 0;
  box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.11);
}

#progress-wrp .status {
  top: 3px;
  left: 50%;
  position: absolute;
  display: inline-block;
  color: #000000;
}

其他回答

通过ajax上传文件不再需要Iframes。我最近自己做过。查看以下页面:

使用AJAX和jQuery上传HTML5文件

http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/FileAPI/#FileReader-界面

更新了答案并进行了清理。使用getSize函数检查大小或使用getType函数检查类型。添加了progressbar html和css代码。

var Upload = function (file) {
    this.file = file;
};

Upload.prototype.getType = function() {
    return this.file.type;
};
Upload.prototype.getSize = function() {
    return this.file.size;
};
Upload.prototype.getName = function() {
    return this.file.name;
};
Upload.prototype.doUpload = function () {
    var that = this;
    var formData = new FormData();

    // add assoc key values, this will be posts values
    formData.append("file", this.file, this.getName());
    formData.append("upload_file", true);

    $.ajax({
        type: "POST",
        url: "script",
        xhr: function () {
            var myXhr = $.ajaxSettings.xhr();
            if (myXhr.upload) {
                myXhr.upload.addEventListener('progress', that.progressHandling, false);
            }
            return myXhr;
        },
        success: function (data) {
            // your callback here
        },
        error: function (error) {
            // handle error
        },
        async: true,
        data: formData,
        cache: false,
        contentType: false,
        processData: false,
        timeout: 60000
    });
};

Upload.prototype.progressHandling = function (event) {
    var percent = 0;
    var position = event.loaded || event.position;
    var total = event.total;
    var progress_bar_id = "#progress-wrp";
    if (event.lengthComputable) {
        percent = Math.ceil(position / total * 100);
    }
    // update progressbars classes so it fits your code
    $(progress_bar_id + " .progress-bar").css("width", +percent + "%");
    $(progress_bar_id + " .status").text(percent + "%");
};

如何使用Upload类

//Change id to your id
$("#ingredient_file").on("change", function (e) {
    var file = $(this)[0].files[0];
    var upload = new Upload(file);

    // maby check size or type here with upload.getSize() and upload.getType()

    // execute upload
    upload.doUpload();
});

Progressbar html代码

<div id="progress-wrp">
    <div class="progress-bar"></div>
    <div class="status">0%</div>
</div>

Progressbar css代码

#progress-wrp {
  border: 1px solid #0099CC;
  padding: 1px;
  position: relative;
  height: 30px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  margin: 10px;
  text-align: left;
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: inset 1px 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

#progress-wrp .progress-bar {
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 3px;
  background-color: #f39ac7;
  width: 0;
  box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.11);
}

#progress-wrp .status {
  top: 3px;
  left: 50%;
  position: absolute;
  display: inline-block;
  color: #000000;
}
var dataform = new FormData($("#myform")[0]);
//console.log(dataform);
$.ajax({
    url: 'url',
    type: 'POST',
    data: dataform,
    async: false,
    success: function(res) {
        response data;
    },
    cache: false,
    contentType: false,
    processData: false
});

使用纯js更容易

异步函数saveFile(inp){let formData=新formData();formData.append(“file”,inp.files[0]);wait-fetch('/upload/somedata',{method:“POST”,body:formData});警报(“成功”);}<input-type=“file”onchange=“saveFile(this)”>

在服务器端,您可以读取请求中自动包含的原始文件名(和其他信息)。您不需要将标题“Content-Type”设置为“multipart/form-data”。浏览器将自动设置它此解决方案应适用于所有主要浏览器。

下面是更详细的代码片段,包括错误处理、超时和额外的json发送

异步函数saveFile(inp){让用户={name:'john',年龄:34};let formData=新formData();let photo=inp.files[0];formData.append(“照片”,照片);formData.append(“用户”,JSON.stringify(用户));const ctrl=新建AbortController()//超时setTimeout(()=>ctrl.art(),50000);尝试{let r=等待获取('/upload/image',{method:“POST”,body:formData,signal:ctrl.signal});console.log('HTTP响应代码:',r.status);警报(“成功”);}捕获(e){console.log('休斯顿我们有问题…:',e);}}<input-type=“file”onchange=“saveFile(this)”><br><br>在选择文件之前,打开chrome控制台>网络选项卡以查看请求详细信息。<br><br><small>因为在本例中,我们将请求发送到https://stacksnippets.net/upload/image响应代码当然是404</小>

$("#submit_car").click(function() {
  var formData = new FormData($('#car_cost_form')[0]);
  $.ajax({
     url: 'car_costs.php',
     data: formData,
     contentType: false,
     processData: false,
     cache: false,
     type: 'POST',
     success: function(data) {
       // ...
     },
  });
});

编辑:注释内容类型和过程数据您可以简单地使用它通过Ajax上传文件。。。。。。提交输入不能在表单元素之外:)

$(“#form id”).submit(函数(e){e.预防违约();});$(“#form id”).submit(函数(e){var formObj=$(此);var formURL=formObj.attr(“操作”);var formData=新的formData(this);$.ajax美元({url:formURL,类型:'POST',data:formData,processData:false,contentType:false,异步:true,缓存:false,enctype:“multipart/form data”,dataType:“json”,成功:函数(数据){if(data.success){警报(data.success)} if(data.error){警报(data.error)} }});});<script src=“https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js“></script><form class=“form horizontal”id=“form id”action=“masterFileController”enctype=“multipart/form data”><button class=“btn success btn”type=“submit”id=“btn save”>提交</button></form>

servlet响应为“out.print(“您的响应”);”