我可以使用以下jQuery代码使用ajax请求的POST方法执行文件上载吗?

$.ajax({
    type: "POST",
    timeout: 50000,
    url: url,
    data: dataString,
    success: function (data) {
        alert('success');
        return false;
    }
});

如果可能,我需要填写数据部分吗?这是正确的方式吗?我只将文件POST到服务器端。

我一直在搜索,但我发现的是一个插件,而在我的计划中,我不想使用它。至少目前是这样。


当前回答

Ajax发布和上传文件是可能的。我使用jQuery$.ajax函数加载文件。我尝试使用XHR对象,但无法在服务器端使用PHP获得结果。

var formData = new FormData();
formData.append('file', $('#file')[0].files[0]);

$.ajax({
       url : 'upload.php',
       type : 'POST',
       data : formData,
       processData: false,  // tell jQuery not to process the data
       contentType: false,  // tell jQuery not to set contentType
       success : function(data) {
           console.log(data);
           alert(data);
       }
});

如您所见,您必须创建一个FormData对象,该对象为空或来自(serialized?-$('#yourForm').serialize())现有表单,然后附加输入文件。

以下是更多信息:-如何使用jQuery.ajax和FormData上载文件-通过jQuery上载文件,提供对象FormData,没有文件名,GET请求

对于PHP进程,您可以使用以下内容:

//print_r($_FILES);
$fileName = $_FILES['file']['name'];
$fileType = $_FILES['file']['type'];
$fileError = $_FILES['file']['error'];
$fileContent = file_get_contents($_FILES['file']['tmp_name']);

if($fileError == UPLOAD_ERR_OK){
   //Processes your file here
}else{
   switch($fileError){
     case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:   
          $message = 'Error al intentar subir un archivo que excede el tamaño permitido.';
          break;
     case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:  
          $message = 'Error al intentar subir un archivo que excede el tamaño permitido.';
          break;
     case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:    
          $message = 'Error: no terminó la acción de subir el archivo.';
          break;
     case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:    
          $message = 'Error: ningún archivo fue subido.';
          break;
     case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR: 
          $message = 'Error: servidor no configurado para carga de archivos.';
          break;
     case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE: 
          $message= 'Error: posible falla al grabar el archivo.';
          break;
     case  UPLOAD_ERR_EXTENSION: 
          $message = 'Error: carga de archivo no completada.';
          break;
     default: $message = 'Error: carga de archivo no completada.';
              break;
    }
      echo json_encode(array(
               'error' => true,
               'message' => $message
            ));
}

其他回答

如果你想使用AJAX上传文件,这里是可以用于文件上传的代码。

$(document).ready(function() {
    var options = { 
                beforeSubmit:  showRequest,
        success:       showResponse,
        dataType: 'json' 
        }; 
    $('body').delegate('#image','change', function(){
        $('#upload').ajaxForm(options).submit();        
    }); 
});     
function showRequest(formData, jqForm, options) { 
    $("#validation-errors").hide().empty();
    $("#output").css('display','none');
    return true; 
} 
function showResponse(response, statusText, xhr, $form)  { 
    if(response.success == false)
    {
        var arr = response.errors;
        $.each(arr, function(index, value)
        {
            if (value.length != 0)
            {
                $("#validation-errors").append('<div class="alert alert-error"><strong>'+ value +'</strong><div>');
            }
        });
        $("#validation-errors").show();
    } else {
         $("#output").html("<img src='"+response.file+"' />");
         $("#output").css('display','block');
    }
}

这是用于上载文件的HTML

<form class="form-horizontal" id="upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" action="upload/image'" autocomplete="off">
    <input type="file" name="image" id="image" /> 
</form>
var dataform = new FormData($("#myform")[0]);
//console.log(dataform);
$.ajax({
    url: 'url',
    type: 'POST',
    data: dataform,
    async: false,
    success: function(res) {
        response data;
    },
    cache: false,
    contentType: false,
    processData: false
});

我已经很晚了,但我正在寻找一个基于ajax的图像上传解决方案,我正在寻找的答案在这篇文章中有点分散。我确定的解决方案涉及FormData对象。我组装了一个基本形式的代码。您可以看到它演示了如何使用fd.append()向表单添加自定义字段,以及如何在完成ajax请求时处理响应数据。

上传html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Image Upload Form</title>
    <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function submitForm() {
            console.log("submit event");
            var fd = new FormData(document.getElementById("fileinfo"));
            fd.append("label", "WEBUPLOAD");
            $.ajax({
              url: "upload.php",
              type: "POST",
              data: fd,
              processData: false,  // tell jQuery not to process the data
              contentType: false   // tell jQuery not to set contentType
            }).done(function( data ) {
                console.log("PHP Output:");
                console.log( data );
            });
            return false;
        }
    </script>
</head>

<body>
    <form method="post" id="fileinfo" name="fileinfo" onsubmit="return submitForm();">
        <label>Select a file:</label><br>
        <input type="file" name="file" required />
        <input type="submit" value="Upload" />
    </form>
    <div id="output"></div>
</body>
</html>

如果您使用php,这里有一种处理上传的方法,包括使用上面html中演示的两个自定义字段。

上传.php

<?php
if ($_POST["label"]) {
    $label = $_POST["label"];
}
$allowedExts = array("gif", "jpeg", "jpg", "png");
$temp = explode(".", $_FILES["file"]["name"]);
$extension = end($temp);
if ((($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/gif")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/x-png")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/png"))
&& ($_FILES["file"]["size"] < 200000)
&& in_array($extension, $allowedExts)) {
    if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0) {
        echo "Return Code: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "<br>";
    } else {
        $filename = $label.$_FILES["file"]["name"];
        echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "<br>";
        echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "<br>";
        echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " kB<br>";
        echo "Temp file: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"] . "<br>";

        if (file_exists("uploads/" . $filename)) {
            echo $filename . " already exists. ";
        } else {
            move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"],
            "uploads/" . $filename);
            echo "Stored in: " . "uploads/" . $filename;
        }
    }
} else {
    echo "Invalid file";
}
?>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Ajax file upload</title>
        <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
        <script>
            $(document).ready(function (e) {
            $("#uploadimage").on('submit', (function(e) {
            e.preventDefault();
                    $.ajax({
                    url: "upload.php", // Url to which the request is send
                            type: "POST", // Type of request to be send, called as method
                            data: new FormData(this), // Data sent to server, a set of key/value pairs (i.e. form fields and values)
                            contentType: false, // The content type used when sending data to the server.
                            cache: false, // To unable request pages to be cached
                            processData:false, // To send DOMDocument or non processed data file it is set to false
                            success: function(data)   // A function to be called if request succeeds
                            {
                            alert(data);
                            }
                    });
            }));
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="main">
            <h1>Ajax Image Upload</h1><br/>
            <hr>
            <form id="uploadimage" action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
                <div id="image_preview"><img id="previewing" src="noimage.png" /></div>
                <hr id="line">
                <div id="selectImage">
                    <label>Select Your Image</label><br/>
                    <input type="file" name="file" id="file" required />
                    <input type="submit" value="Upload" class="submit" />
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

简单上载表单

<脚本>//表单提交$(“表单”).submit(函数(evt){evt.preventDefault();var formData=新的formData($(this)[0]);$.ajax美元({url:'fileUpload',类型:'POST',data:formData,异步:false,缓存:false,contentType:false,enctype:'多部分/表单数据',processData:false,成功:函数(响应){警报(响应);}});return false;});</script><!--上载表单--><表单><表><tr><td colspan=“2”>文件上载</td></tr><tr><th>选择文件</th><td><input id=“csv”name=“csv“type=“file”/></td></tr><tr><td colspan=“2”><input-type=“submit”value=“subject”/></td></tr></table></form>