我可以使用以下jQuery代码使用ajax请求的POST方法执行文件上载吗?

$.ajax({
    type: "POST",
    timeout: 50000,
    url: url,
    data: dataString,
    success: function (data) {
        alert('success');
        return false;
    }
});

如果可能,我需要填写数据部分吗?这是正确的方式吗?我只将文件POST到服务器端。

我一直在搜索,但我发现的是一个插件,而在我的计划中,我不想使用它。至少目前是这样。


当前回答

使用纯js更容易

异步函数saveFile(inp){let formData=新formData();formData.append(“file”,inp.files[0]);wait-fetch('/upload/somedata',{method:“POST”,body:formData});警报(“成功”);}<input-type=“file”onchange=“saveFile(this)”>

在服务器端,您可以读取请求中自动包含的原始文件名(和其他信息)。您不需要将标题“Content-Type”设置为“multipart/form-data”。浏览器将自动设置它此解决方案应适用于所有主要浏览器。

下面是更详细的代码片段,包括错误处理、超时和额外的json发送

异步函数saveFile(inp){让用户={name:'john',年龄:34};let formData=新formData();let photo=inp.files[0];formData.append(“照片”,照片);formData.append(“用户”,JSON.stringify(用户));const ctrl=新建AbortController()//超时setTimeout(()=>ctrl.art(),50000);尝试{let r=等待获取('/upload/image',{method:“POST”,body:formData,signal:ctrl.signal});console.log('HTTP响应代码:',r.status);警报(“成功”);}捕获(e){console.log('休斯顿我们有问题…:',e);}}<input-type=“file”onchange=“saveFile(this)”><br><br>在选择文件之前,打开chrome控制台>网络选项卡以查看请求详细信息。<br><br><small>因为在本例中,我们将请求发送到https://stacksnippets.net/upload/image响应代码当然是404</小>

其他回答

如果你想这样做:

$.upload( form.action, new FormData( myForm))
.progress( function( progressEvent, upload) {
    if( progressEvent.lengthComputable) {
        var percent = Math.round( progressEvent.loaded * 100 / progressEvent.total) + '%';
        if( upload) {
            console.log( percent + ' uploaded');
        } else {
            console.log( percent + ' downloaded');
        }
    }
})
.done( function() {
    console.log( 'Finished upload');                    
});

https://github.com/lgersman/jquery.orangevolt-ampere/blob/master/src/jquery.upload.js

可能是您的解决方案。

我想到了一个主意:

Have an iframe on page and have a referencer.

具有将输入类型文件元素移动到的表单。

Form:  A processing page AND a target of the FRAME.

结果将发布到iframe,然后您只需将获取的数据发送到所需的图像标签,如下所示:

data:image/png;base64,asdfasdfasdfasdfa

并加载页面。

我相信这对我来说是有效的,取决于你是否能够做到:

.aftersubmit(function(){
    stopPropagation(); // or some other code which would prevent a refresh.
});

通过ajax上传文件不再需要Iframes。我最近自己做过。查看以下页面:

使用AJAX和jQuery上传HTML5文件

http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/FileAPI/#FileReader-界面

更新了答案并进行了清理。使用getSize函数检查大小或使用getType函数检查类型。添加了progressbar html和css代码。

var Upload = function (file) {
    this.file = file;
};

Upload.prototype.getType = function() {
    return this.file.type;
};
Upload.prototype.getSize = function() {
    return this.file.size;
};
Upload.prototype.getName = function() {
    return this.file.name;
};
Upload.prototype.doUpload = function () {
    var that = this;
    var formData = new FormData();

    // add assoc key values, this will be posts values
    formData.append("file", this.file, this.getName());
    formData.append("upload_file", true);

    $.ajax({
        type: "POST",
        url: "script",
        xhr: function () {
            var myXhr = $.ajaxSettings.xhr();
            if (myXhr.upload) {
                myXhr.upload.addEventListener('progress', that.progressHandling, false);
            }
            return myXhr;
        },
        success: function (data) {
            // your callback here
        },
        error: function (error) {
            // handle error
        },
        async: true,
        data: formData,
        cache: false,
        contentType: false,
        processData: false,
        timeout: 60000
    });
};

Upload.prototype.progressHandling = function (event) {
    var percent = 0;
    var position = event.loaded || event.position;
    var total = event.total;
    var progress_bar_id = "#progress-wrp";
    if (event.lengthComputable) {
        percent = Math.ceil(position / total * 100);
    }
    // update progressbars classes so it fits your code
    $(progress_bar_id + " .progress-bar").css("width", +percent + "%");
    $(progress_bar_id + " .status").text(percent + "%");
};

如何使用Upload类

//Change id to your id
$("#ingredient_file").on("change", function (e) {
    var file = $(this)[0].files[0];
    var upload = new Upload(file);

    // maby check size or type here with upload.getSize() and upload.getType()

    // execute upload
    upload.doUpload();
});

Progressbar html代码

<div id="progress-wrp">
    <div class="progress-bar"></div>
    <div class="status">0%</div>
</div>

Progressbar css代码

#progress-wrp {
  border: 1px solid #0099CC;
  padding: 1px;
  position: relative;
  height: 30px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  margin: 10px;
  text-align: left;
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: inset 1px 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

#progress-wrp .progress-bar {
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 3px;
  background-color: #f39ac7;
  width: 0;
  box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.11);
}

#progress-wrp .status {
  top: 3px;
  left: 50%;
  position: absolute;
  display: inline-block;
  color: #000000;
}

如果你想使用AJAX上传文件,这里是可以用于文件上传的代码。

$(document).ready(function() {
    var options = { 
                beforeSubmit:  showRequest,
        success:       showResponse,
        dataType: 'json' 
        }; 
    $('body').delegate('#image','change', function(){
        $('#upload').ajaxForm(options).submit();        
    }); 
});     
function showRequest(formData, jqForm, options) { 
    $("#validation-errors").hide().empty();
    $("#output").css('display','none');
    return true; 
} 
function showResponse(response, statusText, xhr, $form)  { 
    if(response.success == false)
    {
        var arr = response.errors;
        $.each(arr, function(index, value)
        {
            if (value.length != 0)
            {
                $("#validation-errors").append('<div class="alert alert-error"><strong>'+ value +'</strong><div>');
            }
        });
        $("#validation-errors").show();
    } else {
         $("#output").html("<img src='"+response.file+"' />");
         $("#output").css('display','block');
    }
}

这是用于上载文件的HTML

<form class="form-horizontal" id="upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" action="upload/image'" autocomplete="off">
    <input type="file" name="image" id="image" /> 
</form>

如许多答案所示,使用FormData是一种方法。这里有一些代码非常适合这个目的。我也同意嵌套ajax块以完成复杂环境的意见。通过包括e.PreventDefault();根据我的经验,使代码更易于跨浏览器兼容。

    $('#UploadB1').click(function(e){        
    e.preventDefault();

    if (!fileupload.valid()) {
        return false;            
    }

    var myformData = new FormData();        
    myformData.append('file', $('#uploadFile')[0].files[0]);

    $("#UpdateMessage5").html("Uploading file ....");
    $("#UpdateMessage5").css("background","url(../include/images/loaderIcon.gif) no-repeat right");

    myformData.append('mode', 'fileUpload');
    myformData.append('myid', $('#myid').val());
    myformData.append('type', $('#fileType').val());
    //formData.append('myfile', file, file.name); 

    $.ajax({
        url: 'include/fetch.php',
        method: 'post',
        processData: false,
        contentType: false,
        cache: false,
        data: myformData,
        enctype: 'multipart/form-data',
        success: function(response){
            $("#UpdateMessage5").html(response); //.delay(2000).hide(1); 
            $("#UpdateMessage5").css("background","");

            console.log("file successfully submitted");
        },error: function(){
            console.log("not okay");
        }
    });
});