如何使用C#创建Excel电子表格而不需要在运行代码的计算机上安装Excel?


当前回答

一个经常被忽略的简单选项是使用Microsoft Reporting创建.rdlc报告并将其导出为excel格式。您可以在visual studio中设计它,并使用以下方法生成文件:

localReport.Render("EXCELOPENXML", null, ((name, ext, encoding, mimeType, willSeek) => stream = new FileStream(name, FileMode.CreateNew)), out warnings);

您还可以分别使用“WORDOPENXML”和“pdf”将其导出为.doc或.pdf,并且它在许多不同的平台(如ASP.NET和SSRS)上都受支持。

在可视化设计器中进行更改要容易得多,在那里您可以看到结果,相信我,一旦开始分组数据、格式化组标题、添加新节,您就不想处理几十个XML节点。

其他回答

各种Office 2003 XML库适用于较小的excel文件。然而,我发现以XML格式保存的大型工作簿的大小是一个问题。例如,我使用的新XLSX格式的工作簿将是40MB(当然也更紧凑),它将变成360MB的XML文件。

就我的研究而言,有两个商业软件包允许输出到较旧的二进制文件格式。他们是:

宝石盒ComponentOne Excel

两者都不便宜(我认为分别为500美元和800美元)。但两者都独立于Excel本身。

我会好奇的是OpenOffice.org之类的Excel输出模块。我想知道它们是否可以从Java移植到.Net。

Java开源解决方案是Apache POI。也许这里有一种设置互操作的方法,但我对Java的了解不够,无法回答这个问题。

当我探索这个问题时,我最终使用了互操作程序集。

您可以在Visual Studio上安装OpenXml nuget包。以下是将数据表导出到excel文件的代码:

Imports DocumentFormat.OpenXml
Imports DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging
Imports DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet

Public Class ExportExcelClass
    Public Sub New()

    End Sub

    Public Sub ExportDataTable(ByVal table As DataTable, ByVal exportFile As String)
        ' Create a spreadsheet document by supplying the filepath.
        ' By default, AutoSave = true, Editable = true, and Type = xlsx.
        Dim spreadsheetDocument As SpreadsheetDocument = spreadsheetDocument.Create(exportFile, SpreadsheetDocumentType.Workbook)

        ' Add a WorkbookPart to the document.
        Dim workbook As WorkbookPart = spreadsheetDocument.AddWorkbookPart
        workbook.Workbook = New Workbook

        ' Add a WorksheetPart to the WorkbookPart.
        Dim Worksheet As WorksheetPart = workbook.AddNewPart(Of WorksheetPart)()
        Worksheet.Worksheet = New Worksheet(New SheetData())

        ' Add Sheets to the Workbook.
        Dim sheets As Sheets = spreadsheetDocument.WorkbookPart.Workbook.AppendChild(Of Sheets)(New Sheets())

        Dim data As SheetData = Worksheet.Worksheet.GetFirstChild(Of SheetData)()
        Dim Header As Row = New Row()
        Header.RowIndex = CType(1, UInt32)

        For Each column As DataColumn In table.Columns
            Dim headerCell As Cell = createTextCell(table.Columns.IndexOf(column) + 1, 1, column.ColumnName)
            Header.AppendChild(headerCell)
        Next

        data.AppendChild(Header)

        Dim contentRow As DataRow
        For i As Integer = 0 To table.Rows.Count - 1
            contentRow = table.Rows(i)
            data.AppendChild(createContentRow(contentRow, i + 2))
        Next

    End Sub

    Private Function createTextCell(ByVal columnIndex As Integer, ByVal rowIndex As Integer, ByVal cellValue As Object) As Cell
        Dim cell As Cell = New Cell()
        cell.DataType = CellValues.InlineString

        cell.CellReference = getColumnName(columnIndex) + rowIndex.ToString

        Dim inlineString As InlineString = New InlineString()
        Dim t As Text = New Text()
        t.Text = cellValue.ToString()
        inlineString.AppendChild(t)
        cell.AppendChild(inlineString)
        Return cell
    End Function

    Private Function createContentRow(ByVal dataRow As DataRow, ByVal rowIndex As Integer) As Row
        Dim row As Row = New Row With {
            .rowIndex = CType(rowIndex, UInt32)
        }

        For i As Integer = 0 To dataRow.Table.Columns.Count - 1
            Dim dataCell As Cell = createTextCell(i + 1, rowIndex, dataRow(i))
            row.AppendChild(dataCell)
        Next

        Return row
    End Function

    Private Function getColumnName(ByVal columnIndex As Integer) As String
        Dim dividend As Integer = columnIndex
        Dim columnName As String = String.Empty
        Dim modifier As Integer

        While dividend > 0
            modifier = (dividend - 1) Mod 26
            columnName = Convert.ToChar(65 + modifier).ToString() & columnName
            dividend = CInt(((dividend - modifier) / 26))
        End While

        Return columnName
    End Function
End Class

检查一下,不需要第三方库,您可以使用以下命令将数据表数据导出到excel文件

var dt = "your code for getting data into datatable";
            Response.ClearContent();
            Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", string.Format("attachment;filename={0}.xls", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd")));
            Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
            string tab = "";
            foreach (DataColumn dataColumn in dt.Columns)
            {
                Response.Write(tab + dataColumn.ColumnName);
                tab = "\t";
            }
            Response.Write("\n");
            int i;
            foreach (DataRow dataRow in dt.Rows)
            {
                tab = "";
                for (i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
                {
                    Response.Write(tab + dataRow[i].ToString());
                    tab = "\t";
                }
                Response.Write("\n");
            }
            Response.End();

OpenXML也是一个很好的选择,它有助于避免在服务器上安装MS Excel。Microsoft提供的Open XML SDK 2.0简化了操作Open XML包和包中的底层Open XML架构元素的任务。开放式XML应用程序编程接口(API)封装了开发人员在开放式XML包上执行的许多常见任务。

看看OpenXML:有助于避免在服务器上安装MS Excel的替代方案