我需要能够在运行时合并两个(非常简单)JavaScript对象。例如,我想:
var obj1 = { food: 'pizza', car: 'ford' }
var obj2 = { animal: 'dog' }
obj1.merge(obj2);
//obj1 now has three properties: food, car, and animal
是否有一种内置的方法来实现这一点?我不需要递归,也不需要合并函数,只需要平面对象上的方法。
我需要能够在运行时合并两个(非常简单)JavaScript对象。例如,我想:
var obj1 = { food: 'pizza', car: 'ford' }
var obj2 = { animal: 'dog' }
obj1.merge(obj2);
//obj1 now has three properties: food, car, and animal
是否有一种内置的方法来实现这一点?我不需要递归,也不需要合并函数,只需要平面对象上的方法。
当前回答
对于不太复杂的对象,可以使用JSON:
var obj1 = { food: 'pizza', car: 'ford' }
var obj2 = { animal: 'dog', car: 'chevy'}
var objMerge;
objMerge = JSON.stringify(obj1) + JSON.stringify(obj2);
// {"food": "pizza","car":"ford"}{"animal":"dog","car":"chevy"}
objMerge = objMerge.replace(/\}\{/, ","); // \_ replace with comma for valid JSON
objMerge = JSON.parse(objMerge); // { food: 'pizza', animal: 'dog', car: 'chevy'}
// Of same keys in both objects, the last object's value is retained_/
请注意,在此示例中,“}{”不能出现在字符串中!
其他回答
我们可以装箱一个空对象,并通过for循环将它们组合起来:
变量obj1={id:“1”,name:'name'}变量obj2={c: “c”,d: “d”}var obj3={}for(obj1中的var attrname){obj3[attrname]=obj1[attrname];}for(obj2中的var attrname){obj3[attrname]=obj2[attrname];}控制台日志(obj1、obj2、obj3)
var firstObject = {
key1 : 'value1',
key2 : 'value2'
};
var secondObject={
...firstObject,
key3 : 'value3',
key4 : 'value4',
key5 : 'value5'
}
console.log(firstObject);
console.log(secondObject);
这里是我在代码库中用于合并的内容。
function merge(to, from) {
if (typeof to === 'object' && typeof from === 'object') {
for (var pro in from) {
if (from.hasOwnProperty(pro)) {
to[pro] = from[pro];
}
}
}
else{
throw "Merge function can apply only on object";
}
}
ECMAScript 2018标准方法
您可以使用对象扩散:
let merged = {...obj1, ...obj2};
merged现在是obj1和obj2的并集。obj2中的财产将覆盖obj1中的属性。
/** There's no limit to the number of objects you can merge.
* Later properties overwrite earlier properties with the same name. */
const allRules = {...obj1, ...obj2, ...obj3};
这里还有此语法的MDN文档。如果您正在使用babel,则需要@babel/plugin提议对象rest spread插件才能工作(该插件包含在ES2018中的@babel/preset-env中)。
ECMAScript 2015(ES6)标准方法
/* For the case in question, you would do: */
Object.assign(obj1, obj2);
/** There's no limit to the number of objects you can merge.
* All objects get merged into the first object.
* Only the object in the first argument is mutated and returned.
* Later properties overwrite earlier properties with the same name. */
const allRules = Object.assign({}, obj1, obj2, obj3, etc);
(参见MDN JavaScript参考)
ES5及更早版本的方法
for (var attrname in obj2) { obj1[attrname] = obj2[attrname]; }
请注意,这将简单地将obj2的所有属性添加到obj1中,如果您仍然希望使用未修改的obj1,那么这可能不是您想要的。
如果你使用的是一个在你的原型上到处都是垃圾的框架,那么你必须通过hasOwnProperty这样的检查来获得更高的效率,但这段代码在99%的情况下都是有效的。
示例函数:
/**
* Overwrites obj1's values with obj2's and adds obj2's if non existent in obj1
* @param obj1
* @param obj2
* @returns obj3 a new object based on obj1 and obj2
*/
function merge_options(obj1,obj2){
var obj3 = {};
for (var attrname in obj1) { obj3[attrname] = obj1[attrname]; }
for (var attrname in obj2) { obj3[attrname] = obj2[attrname]; }
return obj3;
}
对于不太复杂的对象,可以使用JSON:
var obj1 = { food: 'pizza', car: 'ford' }
var obj2 = { animal: 'dog', car: 'chevy'}
var objMerge;
objMerge = JSON.stringify(obj1) + JSON.stringify(obj2);
// {"food": "pizza","car":"ford"}{"animal":"dog","car":"chevy"}
objMerge = objMerge.replace(/\}\{/, ","); // \_ replace with comma for valid JSON
objMerge = JSON.parse(objMerge); // { food: 'pizza', animal: 'dog', car: 'chevy'}
// Of same keys in both objects, the last object's value is retained_/
请注意,在此示例中,“}{”不能出现在字符串中!