我需要能够在运行时合并两个(非常简单)JavaScript对象。例如,我想:
var obj1 = { food: 'pizza', car: 'ford' }
var obj2 = { animal: 'dog' }
obj1.merge(obj2);
//obj1 now has three properties: food, car, and animal
是否有一种内置的方法来实现这一点?我不需要递归,也不需要合并函数,只需要平面对象上的方法。
我需要能够在运行时合并两个(非常简单)JavaScript对象。例如,我想:
var obj1 = { food: 'pizza', car: 'ford' }
var obj2 = { animal: 'dog' }
obj1.merge(obj2);
//obj1 now has three properties: food, car, and animal
是否有一种内置的方法来实现这一点?我不需要递归,也不需要合并函数,只需要平面对象上的方法。
当前回答
哇!这是我在多个页面上看到的第一篇StackOverflow文章。为添加另一个“答案”表示歉意
ES5及更早版本
此方法适用于ES5及更早版本-有许多其他答案可用于ES6。
我没有看到任何利用arguments属性的“深层”对象合并。以下是我的答案-紧凑和递归,允许传递无限的对象参数:
function extend() {
for (var o = {}, i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
// Uncomment to skip arguments that are not objects (to prevent errors)
// if (arguments[i].constructor !== Object) continue;
for (var k in arguments[i]) {
if (arguments[i].hasOwnProperty(k)) {
o[k] = arguments[i][k].constructor === Object
? extend(o[k] || {}, arguments[i][k])
: arguments[i][k];
}
}
}
return o;
}
实例
/***扩展对象*/函数扩展(){对于(var o={},i=0;i<arguments.length;i++){for(自变量[i]中的var k){if(参数[i].hasOwnProperty(k)){o[k]=参数[i][k].构造函数==对象? extend(o[k]||{},参数[i][k]):参数[i][k];}}}返回o;}/***示例*/document.write(JSON.stringify(扩展({api:1,参数:{查询:“hello”}}, {参数:{查询:'there'}})));//输出{“api”:1,“params”:{“query”:“there”}
这个答案现在只是沧海一粟。。。
其他回答
我扩展了David Coallier的方法:
增加了合并多个对象的可能性支持深层对象override参数(如果最后一个参数是布尔值,则检测到)
如果覆盖为false,则不会覆盖任何属性,但会添加新的财产。
用法:obj.merge(合并…[,覆盖]);
这是我的代码:
Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, "merge", {
enumerable: false,
value: function () {
var override = true,
dest = this,
len = arguments.length,
props, merge, i, from;
if (typeof(arguments[arguments.length - 1]) === "boolean") {
override = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
len = arguments.length - 1;
}
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
from = arguments[i];
if (from != null) {
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(from).forEach(function (name) {
var descriptor;
// nesting
if ((typeof(dest[name]) === "object" || typeof(dest[name]) === "undefined")
&& typeof(from[name]) === "object") {
// ensure proper types (Array rsp Object)
if (typeof(dest[name]) === "undefined") {
dest[name] = Array.isArray(from[name]) ? [] : {};
}
if (override) {
if (!Array.isArray(dest[name]) && Array.isArray(from[name])) {
dest[name] = [];
}
else if (Array.isArray(dest[name]) && !Array.isArray(from[name])) {
dest[name] = {};
}
}
dest[name].merge(from[name], override);
}
// flat properties
else if ((name in dest && override) || !(name in dest)) {
descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(from, name);
if (descriptor.configurable) {
Object.defineProperty(dest, name, descriptor);
}
}
});
}
}
return this;
}
});
示例和测试用例:
function clone (obj) {
return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
}
var obj = {
name : "trick",
value : "value"
};
var mergeObj = {
name : "truck",
value2 : "value2"
};
var mergeObj2 = {
name : "track",
value : "mergeObj2",
value2 : "value2-mergeObj2",
value3 : "value3"
};
assertTrue("Standard", clone(obj).merge(mergeObj).equals({
name : "truck",
value : "value",
value2 : "value2"
}));
assertTrue("Standard no Override", clone(obj).merge(mergeObj, false).equals({
name : "trick",
value : "value",
value2 : "value2"
}));
assertTrue("Multiple", clone(obj).merge(mergeObj, mergeObj2).equals({
name : "track",
value : "mergeObj2",
value2 : "value2-mergeObj2",
value3 : "value3"
}));
assertTrue("Multiple no Override", clone(obj).merge(mergeObj, mergeObj2, false).equals({
name : "trick",
value : "value",
value2 : "value2",
value3 : "value3"
}));
var deep = {
first : {
name : "trick",
val : "value"
},
second : {
foo : "bar"
}
};
var deepMerge = {
first : {
name : "track",
anotherVal : "wohoo"
},
second : {
foo : "baz",
bar : "bam"
},
v : "on first layer"
};
assertTrue("Deep merges", clone(deep).merge(deepMerge).equals({
first : {
name : "track",
val : "value",
anotherVal : "wohoo"
},
second : {
foo : "baz",
bar : "bam"
},
v : "on first layer"
}));
assertTrue("Deep merges no override", clone(deep).merge(deepMerge, false).equals({
first : {
name : "trick",
val : "value",
anotherVal : "wohoo"
},
second : {
foo : "bar",
bar : "bam"
},
v : "on first layer"
}));
var obj1 = {a: 1, b: "hello"};
obj1.merge({c: 3});
assertTrue(obj1.equals({a: 1, b: "hello", c: 3}));
obj1.merge({a: 2, b: "mom", d: "new property"}, false);
assertTrue(obj1.equals({a: 1, b: "hello", c: 3, d: "new property"}));
var obj2 = {};
obj2.merge({a: 1}, {b: 2}, {a: 3});
assertTrue(obj2.equals({a: 3, b: 2}));
var a = [];
var b = [1, [2, 3], 4];
a.merge(b);
assertEquals(1, a[0]);
assertEquals([2, 3], a[1]);
assertEquals(4, a[2]);
var o1 = {};
var o2 = {a: 1, b: {c: 2}};
var o3 = {d: 3};
o1.merge(o2, o3);
assertTrue(o1.equals({a: 1, b: {c: 2}, d: 3}));
o1.b.c = 99;
assertTrue(o2.equals({a: 1, b: {c: 2}}));
// checking types with arrays and objects
var bo;
a = [];
bo = [1, {0:2, 1:3}, 4];
b = [1, [2, 3], 4];
a.merge(b);
assertTrue("Array stays Array?", Array.isArray(a[1]));
a = [];
a.merge(bo);
assertTrue("Object stays Object?", !Array.isArray(a[1]));
a = [];
a.merge(b);
a.merge(bo);
assertTrue("Object overrides Array", !Array.isArray(a[1]));
a = [];
a.merge(b);
a.merge(bo, false);
assertTrue("Object does not override Array", Array.isArray(a[1]));
a = [];
a.merge(bo);
a.merge(b);
assertTrue("Array overrides Object", Array.isArray(a[1]));
a = [];
a.merge(bo);
a.merge(b, false);
assertTrue("Array does not override Object", !Array.isArray(a[1]));
我的equals方法可以在这里找到:JavaScript中的对象比较
您可以在EcmaScript2016中执行以下操作
更正:这是第三阶段的建议,但它始终对我有效
const objA = {
attrA: 'hello',
attrB: true
}
const objB = {
attrC: 2
}
const mergedObj = {...objA, ...objB}
我今天需要合并对象,这个问题(和答案)对我帮助很大。我尝试了一些答案,但没有一个符合我的需要,所以我组合了一些答案并自己添加了一些东西,并提出了一个新的合并函数。这里是:
var merge = function() {
var obj = {},
i = 0,
il = arguments.length,
key;
for (; i < il; i++) {
for (key in arguments[i]) {
if (arguments[i].hasOwnProperty(key)) {
obj[key] = arguments[i][key];
}
}
}
return obj;
};
一些示例用法:
var t1 = {
key1: 1,
key2: "test",
key3: [5, 2, 76, 21]
};
var t2 = {
key1: {
ik1: "hello",
ik2: "world",
ik3: 3
}
};
var t3 = {
key2: 3,
key3: {
t1: 1,
t2: 2,
t3: {
a1: 1,
a2: 3,
a4: [21, 3, 42, "asd"]
}
}
};
console.log(merge(t1, t2));
console.log(merge(t1, t3));
console.log(merge(t2, t3));
console.log(merge(t1, t2, t3));
console.log(merge({}, t1, { key1: 1 }));
对于使用Node.js的用户,有一个NPM模块:Node.extend
安装:
npm install node.extend
用法:
var extend = require('node.extend');
var destObject = extend(true, {}, sourceObject);
// Where sourceObject is the object whose properties will be copied into another.
gossi对David Coallier方法的扩展:
检查这两行:
from = arguments[i];
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(from).forEach(function (name) {
需要针对空对象检查“from”。。。例如,如果合并以前在服务器上创建的来自Ajax响应的对象,则对象属性的值可以为“null”,在这种情况下,上述代码会生成一个错误消息:
“from”不是有效对象
因此,例如,将“…Object.getOwnPropertyNames(from).forEach…”函数包装为“if(from!=null){…}”将防止发生该错误。