我的程序在后台线程中执行一些网络活动。在开始之前,它会弹出一个进度对话框。该对话框在处理程序上被解除。这一切都很好,除了当对话框打开时屏幕方向发生变化(背景线程正在运行)。此时,应用程序要么崩溃,要么死锁,要么进入一个奇怪的阶段,在所有线程被杀死之前,应用程序根本无法工作。
我如何处理屏幕方向的变化优雅?
下面的示例代码大致匹配我的实际程序:
public class MyAct extends Activity implements Runnable {
public ProgressDialog mProgress;
// UI has a button that when pressed calls send
public void send() {
mProgress = ProgressDialog.show(this, "Please wait",
"Please wait",
true, true);
Thread thread = new Thread(this);
thread.start();
}
public void run() {
Thread.sleep(10000);
Message msg = new Message();
mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
private final Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
mProgress.dismiss();
}
};
}
栈:
E/WindowManager( 244): Activity MyAct has leaked window com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView@433b7150 that was originally added here
E/WindowManager( 244): android.view.WindowLeaked: Activity MyAct has leaked window com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView@433b7150 that was originally added here
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.ViewRoot.<init>(ViewRoot.java:178)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:147)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:90)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.Window$LocalWindowManager.addView(Window.java:393)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.app.Dialog.show(Dialog.java:212)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.app.ProgressDialog.show(ProgressDialog.java:103)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.app.ProgressDialog.show(ProgressDialog.java:91)
E/WindowManager( 244): at MyAct.send(MyAct.java:294)
E/WindowManager( 244): at MyAct$4.onClick(MyAct.java:174)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:2129)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.View.onTouchEvent(View.java:3543)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.widget.TextView.onTouchEvent(TextView.java:4664)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.View.dispatchTouchEvent(View.java:3198)
我已经尝试在onSaveInstanceState中取消进度对话框,但这只是防止了立即崩溃。背景线程仍在运行,UI处于部分绘制状态。需要在它重新开始工作之前杀死整个应用程序。
最简单和最灵活的解决方案是使用带有ProgressBar静态引用的AsyncTask。这为方向更改问题提供了一个封装的、因此可重用的解决方案。这个解决方案很好地帮助我完成了各种异步任务,包括互联网下载、与服务通信和文件系统扫描。该解决方案已经在多个安卓版本和手机型号上进行了良好的测试。完整的演示可以在DownloadFile.java中找到
下面是一个概念示例
public class SimpleAsync extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {
private static ProgressDialog mProgressDialog = null;
private final Context mContext;
public SimpleAsync(Context context) {
mContext = context;
if ( mProgressDialog != null ) {
onPreExecute();
}
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
mProgressDialog = new ProgressDialog( mContext );
mProgressDialog.show();
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
if ( mProgressDialog != null ) {
mProgressDialog.dismiss();
mProgressDialog = null;
}
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {
mProgressDialog.setProgress( progress[0] );
}
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... sUrl) {
// Do some work here
publishProgress(1);
return null;
}
public void dismiss() {
if ( mProgressDialog != null ) {
mProgressDialog.dismiss();
}
}
}
在Android Activity中的使用很简单
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
DemoServiceClient mClient = null;
DownloadFile mDownloadFile = null;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate( savedInstanceState );
setContentView( R.layout.main );
mDownloadFile = new DownloadFile( this );
Button downloadButton = (Button) findViewById( R.id.download_file_button );
downloadButton.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
mDownloadFile.execute( "http://www.textfiles.com/food/bakebred.txt");
}
});
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
mDownloadFile.dismiss();
}
}
If you're struggling with detecting orientation change events of a dialog INDEPENDENT OF AN ACTIVITY REFERENCE, this method works excitingly well. I use this because I have my own dialog class that can be shown in multiple different Activities so I don't always know which Activity it's being shown in. With this method you don't need to change the AndroidManifest, worry about Activity references, and you don't need a custom dialog (as I have). You do need, however, a custom content view so you can detect the orientation changes using that particular view. Here's my example:
设置
public class MyContentView extends View{
public MyContentView(Context context){
super(context);
}
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig){
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
//DO SOMETHING HERE!! :D
}
}
实现1 -对话
Dialog dialog = new Dialog(context);
//set up dialog
dialog.setContentView(new MyContentView(context));
dialog.show();
实现2 - AlertDialog。构建器
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
//set up dialog builder
builder.setView(new MyContentView(context)); //Can use this method
builder.setCustomTitle(new MycontentView(context)); // or this method
builder.build().show();
实现3 - ProgressDialog / AlertDialog
ProgressDialog progress = new ProgressDialog(context);
//set up progress dialog
progress.setView(new MyContentView(context)); //Can use this method
progress.setCustomTitle(new MyContentView(context)); // or this method
progress.show();
这是我面对这个问题时的解决方案:
ProgressDialog不是一个Fragment子,所以我的自定义类“ProgressDialogFragment”可以扩展DialogFragment,以保持对话框显示的配置更改。
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.fragment.app.DialogFragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
/**
* Usage:
* To display the dialog:
* >>> ProgressDialogFragment.showProgressDialogFragment(
* getSupportFragmentManager(),
* "fragment_tag",
* "my dialog title",
* "my dialog message");
*
* To hide the dialog
* >>> ProgressDialogFragment.hideProgressDialogFragment();
*/
public class ProgressDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {
private static String sTitle, sMessage;
private static ProgressDialogFragment sProgressDialogFragment;
public ProgressDialogFragment() {
}
private ProgressDialogFragment(String title, String message) {
sTitle = title;
sMessage = message;
}
@NonNull
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return ProgressDialog.show(getActivity(), sTitle, sMessage);
}
public static void showProgressDialogFragment(FragmentManager fragmentManager, String fragmentTag, String title, String message) {
if (sProgressDialogFragment == null) {
sProgressDialogFragment = new ProgressDialogFragment(title, message);
sProgressDialogFragment.show(fragmentManager, fragmentTag);
} else { // case of config change (device rotation)
sProgressDialogFragment = (ProgressDialogFragment) fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(fragmentTag); // sProgressDialogFragment will try to survive its state on configuration as much as it can, but when calling .dismiss() it returns NPE, so we have to reset it on each config change
sTitle = title;
sMessage = message;
}
}
public static void hideProgressDialogFragment() {
if (sProgressDialogFragment != null) {
sProgressDialogFragment.dismiss();
}
}
}
我们面临的挑战是在屏幕上保留对话框标题和消息
当它们重置为默认空字符串时旋转,尽管对话框仍然显示
有两种方法可以解决这个问题:
第一种方法:
使利用对话框的活动在manifest文件中的配置更改期间保留状态:
android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize|keyboardHidden"
谷歌不喜欢此方法。
第二种方法:
在活动的onCreate()方法上,如果savedInstanceState不为空,你需要通过重新构建ProgressDialogFragment来保留你的对话片段。
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_deal);
if (savedInstanceState != null) {
ProgressDialogFragment saveProgressDialog = (ProgressDialogFragment) getSupportFragmentManager()
.findFragmentByTag("fragment_tag");
if (saveProgressDialog != null) {
showProgressDialogFragment(getSupportFragmentManager(), "fragment_tag", "my dialog title", "my dialog message");
}
}
}