根据QNX Neutrino版本的不同，有不同的方法来查找用于启动运行进程的可执行文件的完整路径和名称。我将进程标识符表示为<PID>。试试下面的方法:

If the file /proc/self/exefile exists, then its contents are the requested information. If the file /proc/<PID>/exefile exists, then its contents are the requested information. If the file /proc/self/as exists, then: open() the file. Allocate a buffer of, at least, sizeof(procfs_debuginfo) + _POSIX_PATH_MAX. Give that buffer as input to devctl(fd, DCMD_PROC_MAPDEBUG_BASE,.... Cast the buffer to a procfs_debuginfo*. The requested information is at the path field of the procfs_debuginfo structure. Warning: For some reason, sometimes, QNX omits the first slash / of the file path. Prepend that / when needed. Clean up (close the file, free the buffer, etc.). Try the procedure in 3. with the file /proc/<PID>/as. Try dladdr(dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "main"), &dlinfo) where dlinfo is a Dl_info structure whose dli_fname might contain the requested information.

我希望这能有所帮助。

根据QNX Neutrino版本的不同，有不同的方法来查找用于启动运行进程的可执行文件的完整路径和名称。我将进程标识符表示为<PID>。试试下面的方法:

If the file /proc/self/exefile exists, then its contents are the requested information. If the file /proc/<PID>/exefile exists, then its contents are the requested information. If the file /proc/self/as exists, then: open() the file. Allocate a buffer of, at least, sizeof(procfs_debuginfo) + _POSIX_PATH_MAX. Give that buffer as input to devctl(fd, DCMD_PROC_MAPDEBUG_BASE,.... Cast the buffer to a procfs_debuginfo*. The requested information is at the path field of the procfs_debuginfo structure. Warning: For some reason, sometimes, QNX omits the first slash / of the file path. Prepend that / when needed. Clean up (close the file, free the buffer, etc.). Try the procedure in 3. with the file /proc/<PID>/as. Try dladdr(dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "main"), &dlinfo) where dlinfo is a Dl_info structure whose dli_fname might contain the requested information.

我希望这能有所帮助。

Gregory Pakosz的whereami库使用mark4o文章中提到的api为各种平台实现了这一点。如果您“只是”需要一个适用于可移植项目的解决方案，而对各种平台的特性不感兴趣，那么这是最有趣的。

在撰写本文时，受支持的平台有:

窗户 Linux Mac iOS 安卓 QNX Neutrino FreeBSD NetBSD 蜻蜓BSD SunOS

该库由whereami.c和whereami.h组成，并在MIT和WTFPL2下获得许可。将文件放入您的项目中，包括头文件并使用它:

#include "whereami.h"

int main() {
  int length = wai_getExecutablePath(NULL, 0, NULL);
  char* path = (char*)malloc(length + 1);
  wai_getExecutablePath(path, length, &dirname_length);
  path[length] = '\0';

  printf("My path: %s", path);

  free(path);
  return 0;
}

如果您正在编写GPLed代码并使用GNU autotools，那么在许多操作系统(包括Windows和macOS)上处理细节的可移植方法是gnulib的reloctable -prog模块。

一些特定于操作系统的接口:

Mac OS X: _NSGetExecutablePath() (man 3 dyld) Linux: readlink /proc/self/exe Solaris: getexecname () sysctl CTL_KERN KERN_PROC KERN_PROC_PATHNAME -1 readlink /proc/curproc/file (FreeBSD默认没有procfs) NetBSD: readlink /proc/curproc/exe DragonFly BSD: readlink /proc/curproc/file Windows: GetModuleFileName() with hModule = NULL

也有第三方库可以用来获取这些信息，比如在prideout的回答中提到的whereami，或者如果你使用Qt，评论中提到的QCoreApplication::applicationFilePath()。

可移植的(但不太可靠)方法是使用argv[0]。尽管调用程序可以将它设置为任何东西，但按照惯例，它要么被设置为可执行文件的路径名，要么被设置为使用$ path找到的名称。

一些shell，包括bash和ksh，在执行可执行文件之前将环境变量“_”设置为可执行文件的完整路径。在这种情况下，您可以使用getenv("_")来获取它。然而，这是不可靠的，因为不是所有的shell都这样做，并且它可以被设置为任何东西，或者是在执行程序之前没有更改它的父进程遗留下来的。

这只是我的个人意见。通过使用这段代码，您可以在具有跨平台接口的C/ c++中找到当前应用程序的目录。

void getExecutablePath(char ** path, unsigned int * pathLength)
{
    // Early exit when invalid out-parameters are passed
    if (!checkStringOutParameter(path, pathLength))
    {
        return;
    }

#if defined SYSTEM_LINUX

    // Preallocate PATH_MAX (e.g., 4096) characters and hope the executable path isn't longer (including null byte)
    char exePath[PATH_MAX];

    // Return written bytes, indicating if memory was sufficient
    int len = readlink("/proc/self/exe", exePath, PATH_MAX);

    if (len <= 0 || len == PATH_MAX) // memory not sufficient or general error occured
    {
        invalidateStringOutParameter(path, pathLength);
        return;
    }

    // Copy contents to caller, create caller ownership
    copyToStringOutParameter(exePath, len, path, pathLength);

#elif defined SYSTEM_WINDOWS

    // Preallocate MAX_PATH (e.g., 4095) characters and hope the executable path isn't longer (including null byte)
    char exePath[MAX_PATH];

    // Return written bytes, indicating if memory was sufficient
    unsigned int len = GetModuleFileNameA(GetModuleHandleA(0x0), exePath, MAX_PATH);
    if (len == 0) // memory not sufficient or general error occured
    {
        invalidateStringOutParameter(path, pathLength);
        return;
    }

    // Copy contents to caller, create caller ownership
    copyToStringOutParameter(exePath, len, path, pathLength);

#elif defined SYSTEM_SOLARIS

    // Preallocate PATH_MAX (e.g., 4096) characters and hope the executable path isn't longer (including null byte)
    char exePath[PATH_MAX];

    // Convert executable path to canonical path, return null pointer on error
    if (realpath(getexecname(), exePath) == 0x0)
    {
        invalidateStringOutParameter(path, pathLength);
        return;
    }

    // Copy contents to caller, create caller ownership
    unsigned int len = strlen(exePath);
    copyToStringOutParameter(exePath, len, path, pathLength);

#elif defined SYSTEM_DARWIN

    // Preallocate PATH_MAX (e.g., 4096) characters and hope the executable path isn't longer (including null byte)
    char exePath[PATH_MAX];

    unsigned int len = (unsigned int)PATH_MAX;

    // Obtain executable path to canonical path, return zero on success
    if (_NSGetExecutablePath(exePath, &len) == 0)
    {
        // Convert executable path to canonical path, return null pointer on error
        char * realPath = realpath(exePath, 0x0);

        if (realPath == 0x0)
        {
            invalidateStringOutParameter(path, pathLength);
            return;
        }

        // Copy contents to caller, create caller ownership
        unsigned int len = strlen(realPath);
        copyToStringOutParameter(realPath, len, path, pathLength);

        free(realPath);
    }
    else // len is initialized with the required number of bytes (including zero byte)
    {
        char * intermediatePath = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * len);

        // Convert executable path to canonical path, return null pointer on error
        if (_NSGetExecutablePath(intermediatePath, &len) != 0)
        {
            free(intermediatePath);
            invalidateStringOutParameter(path, pathLength);
            return;
        }

        char * realPath = realpath(intermediatePath, 0x0);

        free(intermediatePath);

        // Check if conversion to canonical path succeeded
        if (realPath == 0x0)
        {
            invalidateStringOutParameter(path, pathLength);
            return;
        }

        // Copy contents to caller, create caller ownership
        unsigned int len = strlen(realPath);
        copyToStringOutParameter(realPath, len, path, pathLength);

        free(realPath);
    }

#elif defined SYSTEM_FREEBSD

    // Preallocate characters and hope the executable path isn't longer (including null byte)
    char exePath[2048];

    unsigned int len = 2048;

    int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME, -1 };

    // Obtain executable path by syscall
    if (sysctl(mib, 4, exePath, &len, 0x0, 0) != 0)
    {
        invalidateStringOutParameter(path, pathLength);
        return;
    }

    // Copy contents to caller, create caller ownership
    copyToStringOutParameter(exePath, len, path, pathLength);

#else

    // If no OS could be detected ... degrade gracefully
    invalidateStringOutParameter(path, pathLength);

#endif
}

你可以在这里详细看看。