我试图将cocoapods安装到运行OSX 10.9.1(新Mavericks)的MacBook Pro上,键入gem install cocoapods后,我得到以下错误:

    Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing cocoapods:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby" -rubygems /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/rake-10.1.1/bin/rake RUBYARCHDIR=/Users/rangreenberg/gems/gems/xcodeproj-0.14.1/ext RUBYLIBDIR=/Users/rangreenberg/gems/gems/xcodeproj-0.14.1/ext
/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for -std=c99 option to compiler... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby
/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:381:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
    from /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:491:in `block in try_compile'
    from /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:443:in `with_werror'
    from /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:491:in `try_compile'
    from extconf.rb:24:in `block in <main>'
    from /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:790:in `block in checking_for'
    from /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:284:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
    from /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:254:in `open'
    from /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:284:in `block in postpone'
    from /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:254:in `open'
    from /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:280:in `postpone'
    from /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:789:in `checking_for'
    from extconf.rb:23:in `<main>'
rake aborted!
Command failed with status (1): [/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/...]

Tasks: TOP => default => ext
(See full trace by running task with --trace)


Gem files will remain installed in /Users/rangreenberg/gems/gems/xcodeproj-0.14.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/rangreenberg/gems/gems/xcodeproj-0.14.1/ext/xcodeproj/gem_make.out

当前回答

在2020年为我工作(Mac OS Catalina)

xcode-select --install

sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods

其他回答

brew reinstall ruby

将以下内容添加到您的路径中

export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"

如果需要,添加这些标志。

export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/ruby/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/ruby/include"

如果你还看到error: active developer path ..不存在的你可能也要这样做吗

$ sudo xcode-select --reset

如果你没有Homebrew,请先安装:https://brew.sh/index_pt-br

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

其次,如果你没有ruby,安装它: https://www.ruby-lang.org/pt/documentation/installation/

brew install ruby

你也可以按照这些步骤:https://gist.github.com/monicao/d372716cdfbb7e9cf692

然后,关闭终端,重新打开。

始终使用sudo安装cocoapods:

sudo gem install cocoapods

执行以下命令

 brew cleanup -d -v 

然后运行以下命令

brew install cocoapods 

注意:如果你看到链接失败,那么运行brew link cocoapods

如果链接失败,则运行

酿造链接——覆盖cocoapods

这就是我解决问题的方法

对于拥有m1芯片系统的人来说,他们需要通过罗塞塔运行这个

选择“终端”并按cmd(⌘)+I,并检查“使用Rosetta打开”选项。(适用于基于m1芯片的mac)

我的配置中有多个环境,这导致了问题,因为rvm会干扰安装。曾经的红宝石2。检测到X,安装正常。

对于我的环境,我做了以下工作: 1. xcode-select——安装 2. rvm implode(注意-太激烈了-你可能不需要这样做,我对旧的ruby安装没有任何用途,我通过rvm uninstall逐个删除它们,然后使用rvm implode 3.Gem安装cocoapods

这一次,最后一个命令运行正常,没有任何问题。