基于这里的答案，我写了一个natural_sorted函数，它的行为类似于内置函数的排序:

# Copyright (C) 2018, Benjamin Drung <bdrung@posteo.de>
#
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# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
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# OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

import re

def natural_sorted(iterable, key=None, reverse=False):
    """Return a new naturally sorted list from the items in *iterable*.

    The returned list is in natural sort order. The string is ordered
    lexicographically (using the Unicode code point number to order individual
    characters), except that multi-digit numbers are ordered as a single
    character.

    Has two optional arguments which must be specified as keyword arguments.

    *key* specifies a function of one argument that is used to extract a
    comparison key from each list element: ``key=str.lower``.  The default value
    is ``None`` (compare the elements directly).

    *reverse* is a boolean value.  If set to ``True``, then the list elements are
    sorted as if each comparison were reversed.

    The :func:`natural_sorted` function is guaranteed to be stable. A sort is
    stable if it guarantees not to change the relative order of elements that
    compare equal --- this is helpful for sorting in multiple passes (for
    example, sort by department, then by salary grade).
    """
    prog = re.compile(r"(\d+)")

    def alphanum_key(element):
        """Split given key in list of strings and digits"""
        return [int(c) if c.isdigit() else c for c in prog.split(key(element)
                if key else element)]

    return sorted(iterable, key=alphanum_key, reverse=reverse)

源代码也可以在我的GitHub片段存储库: https://github.com/bdrung/snippets/blob/master/natural_sorted.py

一种选择是将字符串转换为元组，并使用展开形式http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_does_expanded_form_mean替换数字

这样a90就会变成("a"，90,0)而a1就会变成("a"，1)

下面是一些示例代码(这不是很有效，因为它从数字中删除前导0的方式)

alist=["something1",
    "something12",
    "something17",
    "something2",
    "something25and_then_33",
    "something25and_then_34",
    "something29",
    "beta1.1",
    "beta2.3.0",
    "beta2.33.1",
    "a001",
    "a2",
    "z002",
    "z1"]

def key(k):
    nums=set(list("0123456789"))
        chars=set(list(k))
    chars=chars-nums
    for i in range(len(k)):
        for c in chars:
            k=k.replace(c+"0",c)
    l=list(k)
    base=10
    j=0
    for i in range(len(l)-1,-1,-1):
        try:
            l[i]=int(l[i])*base**j
            j+=1
        except:
            j=0
    l=tuple(l)
    print l
    return l

print sorted(alist,key=key)

输出:

('s', 'o', 'm', 'e', 't', 'h', 'i', 'n', 'g', 1)
('s', 'o', 'm', 'e', 't', 'h', 'i', 'n', 'g', 10, 2)
('s', 'o', 'm', 'e', 't', 'h', 'i', 'n', 'g', 10, 7)
('s', 'o', 'm', 'e', 't', 'h', 'i', 'n', 'g', 2)
('s', 'o', 'm', 'e', 't', 'h', 'i', 'n', 'g', 20, 5, 'a', 'n', 'd', '_', 't', 'h', 'e', 'n', '_', 30, 3)
('s', 'o', 'm', 'e', 't', 'h', 'i', 'n', 'g', 20, 5, 'a', 'n', 'd', '_', 't', 'h', 'e', 'n', '_', 30, 4)
('s', 'o', 'm', 'e', 't', 'h', 'i', 'n', 'g', 20, 9)
('b', 'e', 't', 'a', 1, '.', 1)
('b', 'e', 't', 'a', 2, '.', 3, '.')
('b', 'e', 't', 'a', 2, '.', 30, 3, '.', 1)
('a', 1)
('a', 2)
('z', 2)
('z', 1)
['a001', 'a2', 'beta1.1', 'beta2.3.0', 'beta2.33.1', 'something1', 'something2', 'something12', 'something17', 'something25and_then_33', 'something25and_then_34', 'something29', 'z1', 'z002']

上面的答案对于上面给出的具体例子是有用的，但对于更普遍的自然排序问题，却遗漏了几个有用的例子。我刚刚被其中一个案例咬了一口，所以想出了一个更彻底的解决方案:

def natural_sort_key(string_or_number):
    """
    by Scott S. Lawton <scott@ProductArchitect.com> 2014-12-11; public domain and/or CC0 license

    handles cases where simple 'int' approach fails, e.g.
        ['0.501', '0.55'] floating point with different number of significant digits
        [0.01, 0.1, 1]    already numeric so regex and other string functions won't work (and aren't required)
        ['elm1', 'Elm2']  ASCII vs. letters (not case sensitive)
    """

    def try_float(astring):
        try:
            return float(astring)
        except:
            return astring

    if isinstance(string_or_number, basestring):
        string_or_number = string_or_number.lower()

        if len(re.findall('[.]\d', string_or_number)) <= 1:
            # assume a floating point value, e.g. to correctly sort ['0.501', '0.55']
            # '.' for decimal is locale-specific, e.g. correct for the Anglosphere and Asia but not continental Europe
            return [try_float(s) for s in re.split(r'([\d.]+)', string_or_number)]
        else:
            # assume distinct fields, e.g. IP address, phone number with '.', etc.
            # caveat: might want to first split by whitespace
            # TBD: for unicode, replace isdigit with isdecimal
            return [int(s) if s.isdigit() else s for s in re.split(r'(\d+)', string_or_number)]
    else:
        # consider: add code to recurse for lists/tuples and perhaps other iterables
        return string_or_number

测试代码和几个链接(在StackOverflow上和关闭)在这里: http://productarchitect.com/code/better-natural-sort.py

欢迎您的反馈。这并不是一个明确的解决方案;只是向前迈出了一步。

这是一个更高级的解决方案，由Claudiu和Mark Byers改进:

它使用casefold()而不是lower()来匹配字符串 您可以传递另一个键lambda来选择一个内部元素(就像您习惯使用普通排序函数一样) 它当然适用于列表。Sort, sorted, max，等等。

def natural_sort(key=None, _nsre=re.compile('([0-9]+)')):
    return lambda x: [int(text) if text.isdigit() else text.casefold()
            for text in _nsre.split(key(x) if key else x)]

使用示例:

# Original solution
data.sort(key=natural_sort)

# Select an additional key
image_files.sort(key=natural_sort(lambda x: x.original_filename))

我写了一个基于http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2007/12/sorting-for-humans-natural-sort-order.html的函数，它增加了传递自己的“键”参数的能力。我需要这样才能执行包含更复杂对象(不仅仅是字符串)的列表的自然排序。

import re

def natural_sort(list, key=lambda s:s):
    """
    Sort the list into natural alphanumeric order.
    """
    def get_alphanum_key_func(key):
        convert = lambda text: int(text) if text.isdigit() else text 
        return lambda s: [convert(c) for c in re.split('([0-9]+)', key(s))]
    sort_key = get_alphanum_key_func(key)
    list.sort(key=sort_key)

例如:

my_list = [{'name':'b'}, {'name':'10'}, {'name':'a'}, {'name':'1'}, {'name':'9'}]
natural_sort(my_list, key=lambda x: x['name'])
print my_list
[{'name': '1'}, {'name': '9'}, {'name': '10'}, {'name': 'a'}, {'name': 'b'}]

克劳狄对马克·拜尔斯的回答的改进;-)

import re

def natural_sort_key(s, _re=re.compile(r'(\d+)')):
    return [int(t) if i & 1 else t.lower() for i, t in enumerate(_re.split(s))]

...
my_naturally_sorted_list = sorted(my_list, key=natural_sort_key)

顺便说一句，也许不是每个人都记得函数参数默认值是在def时求值的